English 7

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English – Grade 7
Quarter 1 – Module 14: Use Clauses and Sentences Appropriately and
Meaningfully

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

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Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
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 English 7
Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 14
Use Clauses and Sentences
Appropriately and
Meaningfully

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Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the English 7 - Self-Learning Module on Using Clauses and

Sentences.

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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 For the Learner:

Welcome to the English 7 Self-Learning Module on Using Clauses and

Sentences appropriately and meaningfully!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.

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 EXPECTATIONS

This is your self-instructional learner module in English 7. All the

activities provided in this lesson will help you learn and understand: Clauses
and Sentences.

Specifically, you will learn about the following:

1. Learn the difference of clauses and sentences

2. Recognize types of clauses and sentences
3. Use clauses and sentences appropriately and meaningfully

PRETEST

Identify the underlined clauses if it is an Independent or Dependent Clause.

Write I.C. for Independent and D.C. for Dependent.

__________1. Our dog will run away if the gate is left open.

__________2. The movie was good although it was too long.

__________3. The teacher who lives next door to me is Mrs. Santos.

__________4. This is the homework assignment that you missed last week.

__________5. Because of the bad weather, the school will be cancelled tomorrow.

RECAP

The basic parts of a sentence are the subject, the verb, and (often, but not
always) the object. The subject is usually a noun — a word that names a
person, place, or thing. The verb (or predicate) usually follows the subject
and identifies an action or a state of being. An object receives the action and
usually follows the verb.

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A sentence consists of two parts: the subject and the predicate.

The subject is what (or whom) the sentence is about.

The predicate is the part which says something about the subject.

Examples:

My friend lives in Japan.

S P
(My friend is the subject and lives in Japan is the predicate)

Both girls are experienced swimmers.

S P

(“Both girls” is the subject and are experienced swimmers is the predicate)

LESSON

Phrases, Clauses and Sentences are very similar, but they do have different
roles. These structures are a common part of English, and are all composed
of groups of words. Learning the difference between them will help you make
a lot more sense of the English grammar.

Words can be grouped together, but without a subject or a verb. This is called
a phrase.

What is a Phrase?

A phrase has no subject nor verb, it cannot form a ‘predicate’.

Phrases can be very short – or quite long. Two examples of phrases are:

Examples

“After dinner”

“Waiting for the rain to stop”

Phrases can’t be used alone, but you can use them as part of a sentence,
where they are used as parts of speech.

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What is a clause?

Clauses are groups of words that have both subjects and predicates.

Examples

I took the dog to the park.

S P

The example has one subject, I, and one predicate, took. Since they are
working together to form a comprehensible sentence, this sentence has one
clause.

I love learning, so I spend a lot of time reading.

S P S P

This example has two predicates: love and spend. Since they are working
together with separate subjects, this sentence has two clauses.

Unlike phrases, a clause can sometimes act as a sentence – this type of clause
is called an independent clause. This isn’t always the case, and some clauses
can’t be used on their own – these are called subordinate or dependent
clauses.

Clause

Independent Clause Dependent Clause

It contains a complete It has no complete meaning
thought and can stand alone unless it is combined with an
independent clause.
Ex. When the man broke
Ex. The dog barked at him. into the house

While the independent clause could be used by itself as a complete sentence,

the subordinate clause could not. For it to be correct, it would need to be
paired with another clause. Let us combine the two examples to make it a
complete sentence:

When the man broke into the house, the dog barked at him.
DC IC

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What is a sentence?

A complete sentence has a subject and predicate, and can often be composed
of more than one clause. As long as it has a subject and a predicate, a group
of words can form a sentence, no matter how long or short.

E.g. You ate fish.

I left my keys inside of the Whole Foods, my favorite grocery store.

So, what is the difference between sentences and clauses?

❖ Sentences are made up of clauses.

❖ Clauses are not made up of sentences. It is a unit of a sentence.

In other words, a sentence is at a higher level than a clause. Take note of this
illustration to better understand the hierarchy of each structure.

Sentences
Clauses
Phrases
Words
Letters

GUIDED PRACTICE 1:

Identify the structure of the highlighted and underlined words. Write P for
Phrase, C for clause and S for sentence.

______1. Sandra went to a party.

______2. In the morning, it’s best to get up early.

______3. She arrived to work on time in spite of leaving home so late.

______4. Faced with so many problems, I decided to get professional help.

______5 When Susan saw the situation of many people getting sick, she
decided to become a doctor.

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Answers:

S 1. “Sandra” is the subject. “Went” is the simple predicate. Therefore, if

there is a subject and predicate, this is an example of a sentence.

C 2. “It’s best to get up early” is an example of an independent clause. It can

stand alone and has a complete thought or idea even if you remove the
phrase “in the morning.”

C 3. “She arrived to work on time is also an example of an independent

clause because it can stand alone even if the dependent clause “in
spite of leaving home so late” will not be paired to it.

P 4. “Faced with so many problems” has no subject nor a verb. This phrase
is used as a modifier of the subject.

C 5. “When Susan saw the situation of many people getting sick” is an

example of a dependent clause. It cannot stand alone as it needs to
be paired with another independent clause to give more meaning in the
sentence.

There are also the BASIC SENTENCE STRUCTURES IN ENGLISH:

A simple sentence is a sentence with just one independent clause (also called
a main clause):
Ex. Judy laughed.
I.C.

A compound sentence contains at least two independent clauses.

Ex. Judy laughed and Jimmy cried.
I.C. I.C.

A complex sentence contains an independent clause and at least one

dependent clause
Ex. Jimmy cried when Judy laughed.
I.C. D.C.

NOTE: Independent clauses are joined by any of these seven coordinating

conjunctions: and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet.

Ex. He went to the theme park, and he went on all the rides.
I.C. I.C.

Dependent clauses use subordinating conjunctions. Some common

subordinating conjunctions are: after, as, before, once, since, until, even
though, although, when and while etc.

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Ex. Although I am not sure, I will go ahead and try.
D.C. I.C.

You may refer to the table below as your guide:

Sentence What it contains Example

Structure
Simple 1 Independent Clause Judy laughed.

Compound 1 Independent Clause + 1 or Judy laughed and

more Independent Clause Jimmy cried.
Complex 1 Independent Clause + 1 or Jimmy cried when
more Dependent Clauses Judy laughed.

GUIDED PRACTICE 2:

Identify the sentence structure of the given examples. Write Simple,

Compound, Complex or Compound-Complex.
_________________1. Our teacher gave us a homework today.
_________________2. I would go, but I have to ask permission from my teacher.
_________________3. Before we begin the discussion, we reviewed the lesson.
ANSWERS:
1. SIMPLE – Our teacher gave us a homework today.
I.C. (One Independent Clause)

2. COMPOUND – I would go, but I have to ask permission from my teacher.

I.C. I.C. (2 Independent Clauses)

3. COMPLEX - Before we begin the discussion, we reviewed the lesson.

D.C. (1 Dependent) I.C. (1 Independent)

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 ACTIVITIES

A. Identify the sentence structure for each item. Write the correct letter of your
answers before the number.

A. Simple B. Compound C. Complex

1. I am excited to meet my friends today.

2. If I am late, my father takes me to school.
3. He passed the interview so he finally got his new job.
4. Always check everything around the house before you leave.
5. She got the highest score in her exam and nobody was surprised.

B. Directions: Complete the following sentences. Add an independent (I.C.) or

a dependent clause (D.C.) indicated below the sentence. The
first one is done for you.

1. Our Community is important because it establishes peace and harmony.

I.C. D.C.
2. One cannot work alone ______________________________________________
I. C. D.C.
3. When helping other people, _________________________________________
D.C. I.C.

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4. If people are helping together, _______________________________________
D.C. I.C.
5. I can help in a community __________________________________________
I.C. D.C.

WRAP-UP

Recall the lesson that you have learned in this module. Write the definition of
the given words on the blanks provided.

• Clause _______________________________________
UNITS IN • Phrase _______________________________________
SENTENCE

• Independent ____________________________________
• Dependent ____________________________________
CLAUSES

• Simple ____________________________________
• Compound ____________________________________
SENTENCE • Complex ____________________________________
STRUCTURE

VALUING

Read this quotation below:

“Nobody can do everything but everyone can do something.”

1. What does this quotation mean to you?

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 _________________________________________________________

2. What type of clauses are used in this sentence?

_________________________________________________________

POST TEST

Choose the correct letter of the answer. Write your answers before the
number.

_____1. Complete this sentence: An independent clause has a subject and a

verb and it ________________________________.
A. expresses a complete thought
B. can stand alone as a coherent sentence
C. both A and B
D. none of the above
_____2. Complete this sentence: Because a subordinate clause depends on the
rest of the sentence to express a complete thought, it is called a
_______________________.
A. Noun Clause
B. Prepositional Clause
C. Dependent Clause
D. Independent Clause
______3. Choose the TRUE statement.
A. A subordinate clause makes sense and has a complete thought.
B. A subordinate clause must be paired to an independent clause.
C. A subordinate clause standing alone is called a simple sentence.
D. A subordinate clause always stands alone as an independent
sentence.
______4. Identify the independent clause in this sentence:
We went to the movies and we agreed that it is enjoyable.
A. It is enjoyable.
B. We went to the movies.
C. We agreed that it is enjoyable.
D. Both B and C

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______5. Which sentence is an example of a compound sentence?
A. She weeded the garden and swept out the garage.
B. She weeded the garden, and she swept out the garage.
C. She weeded the garden after she swept out the garage
D. She weeded the garden before she swept out the garage.

KEY TO CORRECTION

References
Eurocentres. Clauses, Phrases and Sentences-Learn the
difference.2014.[Link]
the-difference
[Link]: Types of Clauses. [Link]
guides/grammar
E reading Worksheets Learn about English Sentence Structure.
[Link]
structure
Nodquist, Richard. Sentence parts and Sentence Structure.2020.
[Link]
Online Math Learning. Parts of a Sentence.
[Link]
Grammar Quiz. Phrases and Clauses Quiz.
[Link]

Mohamed Hasan. Communication,

Chatting.[Link]
Blackboard Boys Chalkboard Free Photo.
[Link]
children-classroom-desk-females-girls-kids

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