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Programmable photonic circuits
Article in Nature · October 2020
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2764-0
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Ghent University Corporacion Universitaria Minuto de Dios
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David A. B. Miller Francesco Morichetti
Stanford University Politecnico di Milano
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Programmable photonic circuits
Wim Bogaerts, Daniel Pérez, José Capmany, David A. B. Miller, Joyce Poon, Dirk Englund,
Francesco Morichetti, and Andrea Melloni
Nature 586, 207–216 (2020). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2764-0 Openly available at
[Link]
Abstract: The growing maturity of integrated photonic technology makes it possible to build
increasingly large and complex photonic circuits on the surface of a chip. Today, most of these
circuits are designed for a specific application, but the increase in complexity has introduced a
generation of photonic circuits that can be programmed using software for a wide variety of
functions through a mesh of on-chip waveguides, tunable beam couplers and optical phase
shifters. Here we discuss the state of this emerging technology, including recent developments
in photonic building blocks and circuit architectures, as well as electronic control and
programming strategies. We cover possible applications in linear matrix operations, quantum
information processing and microwave photonics, and examine how these generic chips can
accelerate the development of future photonic circuits by providing a higher-level platform for
prototyping novel optical functionalities without the need for custom chip fabrication.
See also the following key references from this paper
Capmany, J. & Perez, D. Programmable Integrated Photonics (Oxford Univ. Press, 2020).
Harris, N. C. et al. Linear programmable nanophotonic processors. Optica 5, 1623–1631 (2018)
doi: 10.1364/OPTICA.5.001623
Miller, D. A. B. Self-configuring universal linear optical component. Photon. Res. 1, 1–15 (2013)
doi: 10.1364/PRJ.1.000001
Taballione, C. et al. 8×8 programmable quantum photonic processor based on silicon nitride
waveguides. In Frontiers in Optics, JTu3A.58 (Optical Society of America, 2018) doi:
10.1364/FIO.2018.JTu3A.58
Xie, Y. et al. Programmable optical processor chips: toward photonic RF filters with DSP-level
flexibility and MHz-band selectivity. Nanophotonics 7, 421–454 (2017) doi:
10.1515/nanoph-2017-0077
Annoni, A. et al. Unscrambling light—automatically undoing strong mixing between modes.
Light Sci. Appl. 6, e17110 (2017) doi: 10.1038/lsa.2017.110
Pérez, D. et al. Multipurpose silicon photonics signal processor core. Nat. Commun. 8, 1–9
(2017) doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00714-1
Bogaerts, W. & Rahim, A. Programmable photonics: an opportunity for an accessible large-
volume PIC ecosystem. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 26, 1–17 (2020)
10.1109/JSTQE.2020.2982980
See also this presentation on a related topic
D. A. B. Miller, “Self-configuring silicon photonics,” European Optical Society Annual Meeting
(EOSAM), 7 – 11 September 2020. Talk slides available through doi:
10.13140/RG.2.2.14307.58404 . Talk video available at [Link]
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