DRAW 1

Unit 6. Pictorial Drawing

MODULE 20

Drawing Isometric

I. INTRODUCTION
Basically, pictorial drawings are dependent on the axonometric projections based
on the discussions about object dimensions and multi-view drawings. Constructing a
three dimensional object in a pictorial will be facilitated with knowledge of reference
planes. As a beginner, it is primer to think that all objects were framed or placed in a
box of with surfaces and shapes fitted on it. Thus, noting on non-cylindrical and
cylindrical objects is concerning the skills to be learned with this module. The first is the
construction of Isometric Box with a Four-centred Ellipse, second is the Isometric
Drawing of a Non-Cylindrical object and Cylindrical Objects. Isometric Box is a cube
formed by three rhombuses with 30⁰ left and right inclined axes, and had a 90⁰ axis at
the center. It’s ellipses for its faces has its angled position to place the circular holes,
arcs in a form of rounds and fillets, while the straight lines’ direction in a rhombus will
serve as the direction of isometric lines, while non-isometric lines are usually the
inclined surface not parallel in any plane of projection.

II. COURSE OBJECTIVES

At the end of the course, you are expected to:
1. Define isometric box;
2. discuss the importance and function of isometric box;

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3. perform the procedure in constructing an isometric box;
4. place the isometric lines and ellipse properly;
5. draw the isometric drawing of non-cylindrical and cylindrical objects;
 6. visualize an object based from given orthographic drawings;
7. apply needed visible straight lines and regular curves on planes on isometric
box;
8. manipulate straight edge properly for straight lines and compass for
constructing regular curves;
9. list the materials needed for constructing isometric drawings;
10.use the skills learned for making other school or personal
projects; 11.share ideas to others.

III. LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the lesson, you shall be able to:
1. draw the layout of border lines and name/title blocks with the
prescribed measurements;
2. draw the isometric box;
3. draw the isometric drawing of a given non-cylindrical and cylindrical object
based on given orthographic views;
4. visualize the object properly and completely;
5. apply proper line and line weights for views’ details;
6. observe proper manipulation of drawing tools;
7. observe accuracy, legibility, neatness and speed;
8. submit your drawing/output/plates on time.

REQUIREMENTS
1. A4 size drawing paper
2. Ruler
3. Mechanical pencil
4. Compass
5. 30⁰ x 60⁰ triangle
6. T-square or straight edge
7. Eraser
8. Masking Tape
9. Drawing Table

IV. CONTENT
ISOMETRIC BOX

A figure formed by three rhombuses which is drawn lightly for the purpose of guiding
the placement of an object’s details such as that of isometric and isometric lines. It
also has locations for the four centres for regular curves to construct an ellipse.

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MECHANICAL DRAWING OF AN ISOMETRIC BOX
 1. Draw horizontal axis with line AB 2. draw vertical axis erecting from and
use pt A and B as centres to pt. O to form line OC,
locate midpoint O,

3. project left and right inclined axis as

4. measure distance for height with line OD and OE with 30⁰ line OC, width for line
OD and length for line OE,

5. project inclined lines with 30⁰ 6. project vertical lines on two sides from pt. C to
form line CF, and CG to form line DF, and EG for the for the right side. right
side,

7. project lines FH and GH to

complete 8. locate the midpoint of line FH as the top face of the box, pt. 5, while
pt. 6 for GH and connect them to pt. C, while pts 7
and 8 along line CF and CG,

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9. use distance of line C5 as radius in 10. use radius I5 as radius to the small
constructing the big arc to pt. 6, arc until pt. 7 and do the same with while H7 to
construct another big arc with J6,
to pt. 8,

11. do the same procedure with rhombus

OCFD and OCGE at vertical axis.

OUTPUT: ISOMETRIC BOX

PROCEDURE:
Draw the isometric
box with the
measurement of 55
mm on width,
height and length.

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DRAWING ISOMETRIC
1. Given orthographic drawing in
third angle projection of a non
cylindrical object, construct an
isometric box with
measurements based on the
width or the horizontal distance
of the front view, depth from
vertical distance of the top view,
and height from the vertical
distance of the right side view.

2. Let the corners of planes of

projection be represented with
rhombus ODFC for the frontal
plane, CFHG for the horizontal
plane, and OCGE for the profile
plane.

3. Having first attention to the

front view(square FCDO),
count the number of horizontal
lines and register with a light
construction lines following the
offsets based on a given
measurements.

4. Count the number of vertical

lines from the same plane and
register to front face.

5. Visualize the shapes and

locations of surfaces 1, 2 & 3.

6. Initialize the shapes of

surface and omit
unnecessary lines.

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7. Count vertical lines from
the horizontal plane HGFC
since corners from the front
view is connected with them.
Register them with a light
construction lines.

8. Determine number of
horizontal lines from the
same plane and register
with light construction lines.

9. Assume the shapes and

locations of surfaces 4, 5 &
6.

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10. Initialize the shapes and
locations of the surfaces and
 omit or remove unnecessary
lines.

11. Visualize the profile

plane CGOE and count the
number of horizontal lines
connected from the corners
from the front view. Register
with light construction lines.

12. Count the number of

vertical lines connected from
the top view and register
with light construction lines.

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13. Assume the shapes and
locations of surfaces 7, 8 &
9.

14. Initialize the shapes of

surfaces and remove
unnecessary lines.

15. Considering surfaces 1, 4

and 7 are the outermost
surface, finalize it and render
with object line or visible line in
dark pencil.

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16. Project lines inward from
surface 1, 4 and 7 to obtain
surface 3 and 9.

17. Project lines from lower

corner to obtain surface 5.

18. Project lines inward from

the lower corner to obtain
surfaces 2, 6 and 8 to
complete the Isometric
Drawing.

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 The complete Isometric Drawing with the given orthographic views.

RENDERING STYLE
Line Rendering A kind of rendering that emphasize the darkest part of the object with
lines whether horizontal or vertical. The lighter shade the lesser amount of lines
needed. Usually done with mechanical pencil or technical point 1 pen. Observing light
transition for curves by applying gradual off-set for lines.
Stipple
Technique A kind of rendering giving life a surface with dots. Small amount of dots for
the lightest portion and greater amount of dots for assumed darker surface. Usually
done with technical point 1 pen.
Pencil Shading A kind of rendering which is more look natural than the first two
mentioned. Usually rendered with soft and dark graded pencil and aid rounded part of
an object with light touch of a finger for a more realistic bored hole or curves.

This type of renderings are optional depending on the kind of drawing but highly
applicable to all types of pictorial drawings.
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RENDERING CONSIDERATIONS
DRAWING EXERCISE

INSTRUCTION:
Draw the Isometric Drawing and the given Orthographic Drawing with A4 size drawing
paper based on current plates border line, title block and details. Measurements are in
centimetres.

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REFERENCE:
Arbado, Armilando DRAWING FUNDAMENTALS, Mutya Publishing Co. 2014
Cardenas, Elpidio and Francisco, Felizardo. Technical Drafting 1, M.C.: National Book
Store, Inc., 1992
Giesecke, Frederick, et. al. Technical Drawing 13th Edition, Jurong, Singapore: Pearson
Education South Asia Pte Ltd.

Prepared by:

PROF. ARMILANDO J. ARBADO

PROF. EDNA M. HERRERA

PROF. JUN M. BASAS

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