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Iii. Lipid:: Structures of Some Common Lipids

Lipids are a diverse family of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in non-polar solvents. They serve important functions like energy storage, organ protection, and forming cell structures. The document describes a procedure to detect lipids in peanuts using Sudan III staining. Peanut slices are stained with Sudan III, a fat-soluble dye, and observed under a microscope where lipids will appear red. The sample is washed with ethanol before examination to remove excess dye for clearer viewing of lipid granules in the peanut cells.

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Le Phuong Ly
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191 views4 pages

Iii. Lipid:: Structures of Some Common Lipids

Lipids are a diverse family of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in non-polar solvents. They serve important functions like energy storage, organ protection, and forming cell structures. The document describes a procedure to detect lipids in peanuts using Sudan III staining. Peanut slices are stained with Sudan III, a fat-soluble dye, and observed under a microscope where lipids will appear red. The sample is washed with ethanol before examination to remove excess dye for clearer viewing of lipid granules in the peanut cells.

Uploaded by

Le Phuong Ly
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

III.

LIPID:
1. Introduction:

- Lipids are a wide family of naturally occurring organic compounds that are
distinguished by their insolubility in water and solubility in non-polar
solvents such as alcohols and ether. Lipids are mostly hydrophobic, but
some are amphipathic (consisting of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic
groups, with the hydrophobic group being larger).
- Examples of lipids include fatty acids, waxes, triglycerides, and steroids.
Lipids have a wide range of functions to match their diversity. They are
utilized for the storage of energy, protection of internal organs, to forming
structural components of cells

Structures of some common lipids.[1]


2. Procedure:

a. Materials

• Peanut (soaked in water)


• Soudan III solution
• 20% Ethanol • Pasteur pipettes
• Microscope
• Glass slides & coverslip
• Blades

b. Procedure

Step 1: Soak the peanut in water and then, slice the peanut as thin as possible.

Step 2: Place it on a glass slide; add a drop of Soudan III solution. Keep the
sample in this solution for staining in 10 minutes.

Step 3: Wash the slide with 20% Ethanol.

Step 4: Add a drop of water/immersion oil to the sample then put the coverslip on.

Step 5: Observe the lipid granules stained in peanut cells using a microscope up to
100x.

3. Expected results:

- A red-stained oil layer will separate and float on


the water surface if fat is present.
4. Discussion:
a) Why is Soudan 3 used to detect lipid?

- Sudan III is a red fat-soluble dye used to detect the presence of lipids,
triglycerides, and lipoproteins. Sudan III is a diazo dye that is lysochrome
(fat-soluble). It has a similar structure to azobenzene. Nonpolar substances
such as oils, fats, waxes, greases, different hydrocarbon compounds, and
acrylic emulsions are colored with it. They are used to stain triglycerides in
frozen sections as well as certain protein-bound lipids and lipoproteins in
paraffin sections.
- Sudan III interacts with lipids or triglycerides to produce a red stain. Sudan
III lysochrome binds to lipids but does not bind to any other substrate,
indicating the presence of lipids.
b) Why do we have to wash the stained sample with 20% Ethanol before
observation under the microscope?
- This step is used to decolorize the sample which is the slice of peanut. The
important aspect is to ensure that all the color has come out that will do so
easily. This will give a more accurate observation of the sample under the
microscope.
[1] [Link]

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