Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

10 Zest for Progress

Z Peal of artnership

English
Quarter 3 – Module 6:
Argumentative Essay

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
Name of School: ___________________________
English – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 6: Argumentative Essay
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the exploitation of such work for a
profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Ethel A. Medallo

Editors: Cristina G. Columbres

Jovie R. Cruz, MAEd
Reviewer: Valeriafides G. Corteza, PhD
Layout Artist: Jovie R. Cruz, MAEd
Management Team:
Roy C. Tuballa, EMD.JD.CESO VI
Jay S. Montealto, CESO VI
Norma T. Francisco, DM
Mildred D. Dayao, Ed.D.
Valeriafides G. Corteza, PhD
Aida Coyme, Ed. D.

Printed
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thePhilippines
Philippinesby ________________________
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Department Education IX –IXZamboanga Peninsula
Office Address: ____________________________________________
Office Address: Pres. Corazon C. Aquino Regional Government
____________________________________________
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Telefax: ____________________________________________
Sur Province 7016
E-mail Address:
Telefax: ____________________________________________
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E-mail Address: [email protected]
 What I Need to Know

Now and then, we often argue with others. We do not always agree with others because
of individual differences. It is a harsh fact of life. Even the most educated persons suffer from
differences, especially in terms of giving their opinionated views. There is nothing wrong with
that!

When you are exposed to arguments on trivial things most of your time, you develop
your confidence and knowledge of presenting your ideas and opinions to others and convince
them to believe in your opinions.

This module is done for you to understand the argumentative essay. It provides you
with information on how to write an argumentative essay correctly.

In this module, you are expected to:

a. Discuss the structure of a good argumentative essay;

b. Explain the importance of writing an argumentative essay; and
c. Compose an argumentative essay.

What I Know

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What does the background information provide the readers?
A. to have more information about the topic C. to have warnings for an opposing view
B. to have distractions about the claim D. to have a summary outline of the topic
2. Where would you find evidence and details?
A. introductory paragraph C. body paragraphs
B. conclusion part D. thesis statement

3. What does a statement of opposing view or claim show?

A. what someone would argue for the claim C. what the reader should believe
B. what someone would argue against the claim D. what the writer tries to prove

4. What is an incorrect way to get the audience's attention?

A. use a story C. use statistic
B. use an insult D. use a quotation

5. What is the purpose of the conclusion?

A. to restate the attention-getter and background C. to give the evidence and details
B. to restate the arguments and the reasons D. to give new information

1
How can you write an argumentative essay? Check the item that will help you in writing an
argumentative essay. Write your answer on a separate sheet.
________6. I will present my opinions randomly.
________7. I must have advance knowledge on the subject matter/topic.
________8. I should generalize my proposition.
________9. I will not think that others may oppose to my stand.
________10. I must place the thesis statement in the body paragraph to state my claim.

Lesson

1 ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY

Writing an argumentative essay needs more than just an opinion to make your voice
heard. It is a piece of writing that takes a stance on an issue. Your stance must be compelling
and structured properly and reinforced with solid reasoning and evidence to persuade readers
to support your views and opinions. There are elements of an argumentative essay that must be
considered.

Argumentative essays are essential in the academe. They allow students to develop an
argument presented in a measured and concise manner. The most important thing you need
when composing your essay is the desire to win, with your main objective of changing the
reader's opinion. You need to be very convincing with your claims by presenting all the facts
and address all the pros and the cons.

What's In

Directions: Read the essay and answer the questions that follow. Write only the letter of
the correct answer of each item on a separate sheet.

As online learning becomes more common and more resources are converted to digital
form, some people have suggested that public libraries be shut down. In their place,
everyone should be given an iPad with an e-reader subscription.

Proponents of this idea state that it will save local cities and towns money because
libraries are expensive to maintain. They also believe it will encourage more people to
read because they won't have to travel to a library to get a book; they can simply click on
what they want to read and read it from wherever they are. They could also access more
materials because libraries will not have to buy physical copies; they can simply rent out
as many digital copies they need.

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 However, it would be a serious mistake to replace libraries with tablets. First, digital
books and resources are associated with less learning and more problems than print
resources. A study done on tablet vs. book reading found that people read 20-30% slower
on tablets, retain 20% less information, and understand10% less of what they read than
people who read the same information in print. Additionally, staring too long at a screen
has been shown to cause numerous health problems, including blurred vision, dizziness,
dry eyes, headaches, and eye strain, at much higher instances than reading print does.
People who use tablets and mobile devices excessively have a higher incidence of more
serious health issues such as fibromyalgia, shoulder and back pain, carpal tunnel
syndrome, and muscle strain. I know that whenever I read from my e-reader for too long,
my eyes begin to feel tired, and my neck hurts. We should not add these problems by
giving people, especially young people, more reasons to look at screens.

Second, it is incredibly narrow-minded to assume that the only service libraries offer
book lending. Libraries have many benefits, and many are only available if the library
has a physical location. Some of these benefits include acting as a quiet study space,
giving people a way to converse with their neighbors, holding classes on various topics,
providing jobs, answering patron questions, and keeping the community connected. One
neighborhood found that, after a local library instituted community events such as
playtimes for toddlers and parents, job fairs for teenagers, and meeting spaces for senior
citizens, over a third of residents reported feeling more connected to their community.
Similarly, a Pew survey conducted in 2015 found that nearly two-thirds of American
adults feel closing their local library would greatly impact their community. People see
libraries to connect with others and get their questions answered; benefits tablets cannot
offer nearly as well or as easily.

While replacing libraries with tablets may seem like a simple solution, it would
encourage people to spend even more time looking at digital screens, despite the myriad
issues surrounding them. It would also end access to many of the benefits of libraries that
people have come to rely on. In many areas, libraries are such an important part of the
community network that a simple object could never replace them.

(Source: https://blog.prepscholar.com/argumentative-essay-examples)

1.What is the essay all about?

A. Public libraries to be shut down
B. The rise of digital books in the new era
C. The advantages and disadvantages of maintaining public libraries
D. A new reading world

2. What is the writer's proposition?

A. Shutdowns of public libraries is the solution.
B. Increase reading comprehension level through e-books.
C. The vital roles public libraries take part in community building.
D. E-learning is the new way to progress.

3. Is the essay an example of an argumentative essay?

A. Yes, it is. C. No, it is not.
B. Maybe it is. D. None of the above.

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4. Is the essay written properly, concise, and well structured?
A. Yes, it is. C. No, it is not.
B. Maybe it is. D. None of the above.

5. Did the body paragraphs provide facts with examples, research, statistics, and studies?
A. Yes, it did. C. No, it did not.
B. Maybe it did. D. None of the above.

What's New

Read and understand the essay. Then answer the questions. Write the letter of the correct
answer of each item on a separate sheet.

(Source: Michael Roberts, M.D.)

The issue of wearing face coverings in public comes up frequently these days. A
common sentiment is, "If I am not personally at high risk for COVID-19, why should I
wear a mask?" I suspect this is why I see so many people in public places who are not
covering their nose and mouth. The CDC has recommended "wearing cloth face coverings
in public settings where other social distancing measures are difficult to maintain (e.g.,
grocery stores and pharmacies) especially in areas of significant community-based
transmission."
The reason for this is that the virus that causes COVID-19 can be spread even before
symptoms appear, by such things as coughing, sneezing, or even speaking at close range.
Cloth face coverings have been recommended due to their low cost and ready availability.
Using cloth face coverings preserves surgical masks and N-95 masks for healthcare workers
who may be involved in the direct care of patients with COVID-19.
The importance of using face coverings in public is illustrated in the graphic seen here.
If I wear my face covering to protect you from me, and you wear your face covering to
protect me from you, then we can all dramatically decrease our risk of transmission of the
virus that causes COVID-19. This, in conjunction with social distancing and frequent
handwashing or use of hand sanitizer, will be important in limiting the spread of COVID-
19 as we return to our usual activities.

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Comprehension Check:

1. What details are given in the introduction of the essay?

A. Restatement of the main claim C. Background information of the issue
B. Reasons supporting the claim D. Summary

2. How did the writer express his proposition?

A. through Definition C. through Facts
B. through Policy D. through Value

3. Does the writer try to change the views of the readers?

A. Yes C. Maybe
B. No D. Both A and B

What Is It
An argumentative essay is a type of essay that presents arguments about both
sides of an issue. It could be that both sides are equally balanced, or it could
be that one side is presented more forcefully than the other. It all depends on
the writer and what side he supports the most.

Structure of a good argumentative essay

1. Introductory paragraph- The first paragraph of the essay must outline the topic, give
background information of the argument, outline the evidence, and state the thesis.
2. Thesis statement- This is part of your first paragraph. It is concise, one-sentence
summary of your main point and claim.
3. Body paragraphs- This part consists of three (3) or more paragraphs that explain the
reasons why you support your thesis. Each paragraph covers different idea or piece of
evidence and contains a topic sentence which explains why the reader should agree with
your position. The body paragraphs back up your claims with examples, research, statistics,
studies and text citations.
4. Conclusion-This one paragraph restates your thesis and summarizes all the arguments
made in your body paragraphs. A good conclusion appeals to the reader’s emotions. In
some cases, writers use personal anecdote explaining how the topic personally affects
them. (Source: MasterClass, Nov.8, 2020)

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 Steps to writing a great argumentative essay

1.R esearch. Before writing an argumentative essay, read and know more about your
argument.
S
2. tate your proposition. Define a short proposition or thesis statement as this is important
to help you concentrate and be focused on your topic. Make sure that the statement is
making a debatable assertion.
3. T hink about the opposition. Always remember that someone somewhere will disagree
with your opinion. Your objective is to anticipate what someone who is opposed to your
argument may say and to counter and overcome their objections by noting the following
subsequently:

• Who may disagree with me?

• What points will they disagree with?
• How strong will the opposition be?
• How can I refute their opinions?
• Which points are the most debatable?
S
4. tructure your argument. Think of your essay in terms of paragraphs, with each
paragraph addressing a separate element of the argument following a good argumentative
essay writing structure.

To persuade the readers through logical reasoning and analysis, you may use the
suggested techniques in argumentation.

Five (5) types of argument claim that can drive your essay:

1. Fact: This technique presents the argument, whether true or false, clearly, and
concisely. It asks you to answer the question with a "Yes" or "No" that supports
the facts.
2. Definition: This technique gives meaning to a concept that forms the argument
through the dictionary definition of what you are arguing, plus your interpretation
of it.
3. Value: this technique gives importance to the value of your stance. It usually asks
you to choose between things, ideas, beliefs, or actions and explain why you did
so.
4. Cause and effect: This technique presents the causes of the problem in your
argument and its effects.
5. Policy: This technique appeals to the reader's emotions by stirring up the reader's
thinking about why they should care about your stance and what they should do
about it after reading.

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Any of the above argument claims can be presented in three (3) ways, namely:

1. Classical- This is also called Aristotelian. This is the most popular strategy for
making an argument because it is the simplest line of thinking. Present the main argument,
state your opinion, and do your best to convince the reader why your stance is the right one.
2. Rogerian- This is also called the "common ground" argument. The writer
acknowledges the opposing side of the argument with the assumption you and the readers
share common ideas, beliefs, and arguments. Hence, the writer's task is to identify these
commonalities and use them to argue further. This type of argument is effective for
polarizing topics, as it acknowledges both sides and presents the middle ground.
3. Toulmin- Present your claim, present grounds to back up that claim, and justify that
the grounds are linked to the claim. This type of argument is also effective for polarizing
topics, but rather than present both sides, it presents one, hinging particularly on fa cts
presented in a way that makes a claim difficult to argue with.

The key to a good argumentative essay is knowing how to structure your point of view
correctly.

What's More

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer for each item. Answer on a separate sheet.

Activity 1: Read and understand the following essays. Then, answer the questions that follow.

"Smoking in public places should be banned"

Smoking in public places should be banned because it puts other people, especially
children and pregnant women, at risk of breathing smoke from cigarettes Smoking in public
places also endangers people who have respiratory ailments. Recent studies show that
almost 80% of those who ingest secondhand smoke from public smokers have a higher risk
of getting respiratory problems than smokers themselves.

Banning an act that causes problems to innocent civilians is helpful in many ways. If
smoking in public places is banned, we reduce or totally eradicate the danger of putting
non-smokers at risk of developing lung and heart problems. Moreover, if we ban smoking
in public places, we also stop the smokers from further increasing their chances of acquiring
health problems for themselves.

While it can be said that not all people who smoke in public areas are always causing
harm to others, it remains a fact that smoking per se is a cause of health problems. It is not
enough to say that the size of affected people is relatively just a small fraction; plenty or
few, one person put at risk is more than enough. It is only the case that smoking in public
places, therefore, should be banned.

1. What is the essay mainly about?

A. Banning of smoking in public places C. Smoking in public places
B. Smoking as causes of respiratory problems D. Smoking as dangerous to your health
2. How was the argument presented in the essay?

7
 A. Classical Type C. Toulmin Type
B. Rogerian Type D. Both A and C

Smoking Cigarettes
Smoking cigarettes can cause lung problems. Both first-hand and second-hand
smokers are affected by cigarette smoke.
Scientific findings and research show that the chemicals in cigarettes, apart from the
smoke, can lead to health problems such as lung cancer.
Smoking cigarettes should be banned in public places. In public places, more people,
both young and old, can be exposed to the smoke from cigarettes. My position differs
from those who might say that smoking altogether should not be banned. My position is
that smoking in public places should be banned. It does not include smoking in private
places like homes.
Smoking in public places should be banned because it poses health risks to
individuals who are non-smokers and who do not want to inhale the fumes from
cigarettes. The risks are double to those who already have lung ailments.

3. What is the introductory paragraph of the essay?

A. Smoking cigarettes should be banned in public places.
B. Smoking cigarettes can cause lung problems.
C. Smoking cigarettes should be banned.
D. It does not include smoking at home.

4. What is the thesis statement of the essay?

A. Smoking cigarettes can cause lung problems.
B. Smoking cigarettes should be banned in public places.
C. My position is that smoking in public places should be banned.
D. Smoking in public places should be banned because it poses health risks to individuals
who are non-smokers and who do not want to inhale the fumes from cigarettes?

5. How was the argument presented in the essay?

A. Classical Type C. Toulmin Type
B. Rogerian Type D. Both A and C

Activity 2. Word search. Pick up five (5) words inside the box associated with an argumentative
essay and write these on your answer sheet.
A B C D E F G E Y R O T C U D O R T N I
R C Q E F G A P Q R R B W E R T Y U I L
G D R F E H N O R Q S O B N M H S T Y U
U E S G D D D N P P T P C F G N J K K L
M F T H C O N V I I C I N G S B M X D G
E G U I B P G L U N N N H I D I H J K L
N H V J A E H K V M B I R W E U S T Y U
T O N C L A S S I C A L O C A L R E P O
U I W K Z S T R U C T U R N F G H A H K
T J T L Y U K I X O D I C N I M L U O T

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 What I Have Learned

Match the key terms found in column A with its appropriate description found in column B.
Write only the letter of your answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet.
Column A Column B
___1. Body paragraphs A. It answers the question with a "Yes" or "No."
then supports the fact.
___2. Argumentative essay B. This is a one-paragraph that restates your
Thesis and summarizes all the arguments
made in the body paragraphs.
___3. Thesis C. This part consists of three (3) or more
Paragraphs that explain the reasons why you
support the thesis.
___4. Conclusion D. A type of argumentative essay which is also
called Aristotelian.
___5. Rogerian E. A type of essay that presents arguments about
both sides of an issue.
___6. Fact F. This is part of the first paragraph. It is a
a concise one-sentence summary of your main
point and claim.
___7. Introductory paragraph G. This technique gives importance to the value
of your stance.
___8. Policy H. This technique appeals to the reader's
emotion and thinking as to why they should
care about your stance.
____9. Classical I. It is the type of argumentative essay where the
the writer acknowledges the opposing side of
the an argument with the assumption that they
share
common ideas, beliefs, and arguments.
_____ 10. Value J. It outlines the topic, gives background information
of the argument, outline the evidence, and
state the thesis.
K. This technique gives meaning to a concept that
forms the argument through the dictionary
definition of what you are arguing.

What I Can Do

Directions: Read the argumentative essay carefully. Identify the parts of the essay. Afterward,
fill in the boxes with the details of the different parts of the essay—answer on a separate sheet.

9
 Every Little Girl Wants to Be a Princess, Right?
Beauty pageants have become a staple in American culture. Winners of pageants
such as Miss America are icons, representations of the ideal woman, and positive role
models for young girls. So, society says. More recently, however, a new type of pageant
has increased in popularity to the point of being considered a national phenomenon.
These pageants are just as glitzy, and the competition is just as fierce; the only
difference is that these contestants are the miniature model. They are child beauty
queens.
The world of child beauty pageants has become a source of fascination, as well
as contention, in our society. Networks such as TLC and WE TV have produced hit
reality shows featuring the munchkin-sized divas because it sells, but one cannot help
but wonder, how can parading children about on stage like show ponies be a positive
thing?
The truth is it is not. Beauty pageants are not a healthy activity for children
because they force young girls to act like little adults, exhibit age-inappropriate
sexuality, and have negative body image and mental health problems later in their lives.
Children are the future of society, and even those who do not have children should
be concerned about the direction of the culture they have to live in. Just because child
beauty pageants are socially acceptable does not mean they should be. Our culture needs
to eliminate child beauty pageants, at least in their current form.
(Source: https://owl.excelsior.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/05/ToulminArgument.pdf)

1___________

2. _________

3.___________

4.___________

5.____________

Assessment

A. From the given topics and arguments, choose one topic, and write an argumentative essay
about it. Please be guided with the following criteria in writing your essay.
(Content 20 points, Organization 15 points, Mechanics 15 points)

Topics Arguments
1. Cancel culture What is your stand about cancel culture?
2. Rise of Digital Entertainment platforms Are the Filipinos ready to shift from
"free to air" to "digital media?
3. Gas Lighting Are victims always wrong?

10
 Additional Activities

Directions: Complete the crossword puzzle below. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

11
 12
Additional Activity
ACROSS DOWN
5. Introductory 1. Research
6. Classical 2. Argumentative
7. Toulmin 3. Rogerian
4. Conclusion
What I Can Do 7. Thesis
1. Topic- Every Little Girl Wants to Be
a Princess, Right?
2. Introductory Paragraph- Beauty
pageants have become a staple in American
culture. Winners of pageants such as Miss What’s More
America are icons, representations of the
ideal woman, and positive role models for
Activity 1 Activity 2
young girls. So, society says. 1. A 3. B (in any order)
3. Thesis Statement- They are child beauty 2. C 4. A argument
queens. 5. B opinion
4. Body Paragraphs- The world of child convincing
beauty pageants has become a source of introductory
fascination, as well as contention, in our Toulmin
society. Networks such as TLC and WE TV classical
have produced hit reality shows featuring
the munchkin-sized divas because it sells,
but one cannot help but wonder, how can
parading children about on stage like show
ponies be a positive thing?
The truth is it is not. Beauty pageants
What I have Learned
are not a healthy activity for children
because they force young girls to act like 1. C 6. A
little adults, exhibit age-inappropriate 2. E 7. J
sexuality, and have negative body image 3. F 8. H
and mental health problems later in their 4. B 9. D
lives. 5. I 10. G
5. Conclusion- Children are the future of
society, and even those who do not have
children should be concerned about the
direction of the culture they have to live in.
Just because child beauty pageants are What’s What's In What I Know
socially acceptable does not mean they New
1. C 1. A 6.
should be. Our culture needs to eliminate
1. C 2. C 2. C 7. /
child beauty pageants, at least in their 3. A
2. B 3. B 8.
current form. 4. A 4. B 9.
3. A
5. A 5. B 10.
Answer Key
 13
Assessment
(Possible Answer)
TOPIC: Cancel Culture
INTRODUCTION:
With how social media works nowadays, everyone can be swiftly informed of what Liza Soberano
said on Twitter an hour ago. The latest interview of Manny Pacquiao with Karen Davila can be accessed
by a few taps on your phone. Even the sympathy for Johnny Depp after finding out about Amber Heard
lying about him being the abusive spouse immediately just made its way to the top trend almost
immediately. Unlike ever before, information today spreads even faster than wildfire. As such pace
paved way for netizens to be almost alert and aware of everything happening around them, a certain
level of empowerment has been introduced, giving the seemingly powerless the ability to diminish
celebrities’ and famous personalities’ influence when something controversial happens.
BODY PARAGRAPH:
This marked the birth of cancel culture, or the act of taking away a figure’s power or cultural
significance, notably by means of calling them out online or even boycotting and public shaming.
Remember when Yeng Constantino had a fair share of bashers online when she started her rant
regarding their experience in a hospital in Siargao, calling it out due to lack of preparedness and
professionalism. The netizens began to call her out due to the insensitivity of her statements, and the
self-entitlement she somehow flaunted. Then there’s Cynthia Villar sending out a message to the front
liners saying that they just need to work hard, which was not taken lightly by the online Filipino
community at all.
CONCLUSION:
While it goes without saying that the primary intention of cancelling a personality roots down from
something that they may have done or said in bad taste, what it does afterwards is something not helpful
at all. As cancelling may involve public shaming (take the case of YouTube vlogger Buknoy Glamurr,
called out mainly because of his remarks about tricycle drivers), it haphazardly leads into online
bullying. And that makes you, the netizen, no better than the one you are trying to boycott for their
irresponsible actions. People already take offense for almost everything, and if that is not a toxic trait
to continue, what else is?
References

Christine Sarikas , "3 Strong Argumentative Essay Examples, Analyzed," accessed

September 15, 2020, https://blog.prepscholar.com/argumentative-essay-examples.

Michael Roberts M.D., "Why is wearing a Mask important," accessed

December 10,2020, https;// eamc.org/news-and-media/why-is-wearing-a-mask-important

Anna Wonderlich, Diann Ackard, and Judith Henderson, "Childhood Beauty

Pageant Contestants: Associations with Adult Disordered Eating and Mental Health."
Eating Disorders 13.3 (2005): 291-301. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 18
March 2010

"Argumentative Essay-Literary Devices," Literarydevices.net, accessed

December 10, 2020. http:// literarydevices.net/argumentative- essay/

"How to Write a Good Argumentative Essay: Easy Step- by-Step Guide,"

MasterClass updated last Nov.8, 2020 accessed December 10,2020,
https://masterclass.com/articles/how-to-write-a-good-argumentative-essay#what-is-an-
argumentative essay

"The Best Way to Create a Powerful Argumentative Essay Outline Argumentative

Essay Structure – Use My Helpful Outline Example," EssayClick.net, accessed
September 15, 2020, https://essayclick.net/blog/argumentative-essay-outline

Development Team

Writer: Ethel A. Medallo

Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial High School
Zamboanga City

Editors/QA: Cristina G. Columbres

Jovie R. Cruz, MAEd

Reviewer: Valeriafides G. Corteza, PhD

Education Program Supervisor

Layout Artist: Jovie R. Cruz, MAEd

Management Team:
Roy C. Tuballa, EMD, JD, CESO VI
Jay S. Montealto, CESO VI
Norma T. Francisco, DM
Mildred D. Dayao, Ed.D.
Valeriafides G. Corteza, PhD
Aida Coyme, Ed. D.

14