Course Title: CompTIA Network+ (N10-008)
Lesson 2
Deploying Ethernet
Cabling
Ivan Jude Busgano, CTT+
CompTIA Certified Professional
Course Instructor
LESSON 2 OBJECTIVES
• Summarize Ethernet standards
• Summarize copper cabling types
• Summarize fiber optic cabling types
• Deploy Ethernet cabling
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TOPIC 02A - SUMMARIZE ETHERNET STANDARDS
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TOPIC 02A OUTLINE
• Network Data Transmission
• Ethernet Standards
• Media Access Control and Collision Domains
• Plain Ethernet Standard (10BASE-T)
• Fast Ethernet Standard (100BASE-TX)
• Gigabit Ethernet Standards
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TOPIC 02A KEY LEARNING POINT
• Network Data Transmission
• Ethernet Standards
• Media Access Control and Collision Domains
• Plain Ethernet Standard (10BASE-T)
• Fast Ethernet Standard (100BASE-TX)
• Gigabit Ethernet Standards
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NETWORK DATA TRANSMISSION
• All network signaling uses electromagnetic
radiation of one type or another (electric
current, infrafred light, or radio waves).
• A signal is transmitted over the wave by
modulation and encoding schemes.
• Copper cable carries electrical signals.
- twisted pair
- coaxial
• Fiber optic cable carries infrared light signals
- single mode
- multi mode
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TOPIC 02A KEY LEARNING POINT
• Network Data Transmission
• Ethernet Standards
• Media Access Control and Collision Domains
• Plain Ethernet Standard (10BASE-T)
• Fast Ethernet Standard (100BASE-TX)
• Gigabit Ethernet Standards
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ETHERNET STANDARDS
• The most important of these are the IEEE's
802.3 Ethernet standard.
• Ethernet standards provide assurance that
network cabling will meet the bandwidth
requirements of applications.
• The standards specify the bit rate that should
be achieved over different types of media up
to the supported distance limitations.
[Link]
TOPIC 02A KEY LEARNING POINT
• Network Data Transmission
• Ethernet Standards
• Media Access Control and Collision Domains
• Plain Ethernet Standard (10BASE-T)
• Fast Ethernet Standard (100BASE-TX)
• Gigabit Ethernet Standards
[Link]
MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL & COLLISION DOMAINS
• Ethernet uses a contention-based MAC system.
• Each network node connected to the same
media is in the same collision domain.
• The collisions become more frequent as more
nodes are added.
• The Ethernet protocol governing contention
and media access is called "Carrier Sense
Multiple Access with Collision Detection
(CSMA/CD)".
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TOPIC 02A KEY LEARNING POINT
• Network Data Transmission
• Ethernet Standards
• Media Access Control and Collision Domains
• Plain Ethernet Standard (10BASE-T)
• Fast Ethernet Standard (100BASE-TX)
• Gigabit Ethernet Standards
[Link]
PLAIN ETHERNET STANDARD (10BASE-T)
• 10BASE-T denotes an early
implementation of Ethernet that works
at 10 Mbps(10), uses a baseband
signal (BASE), and runs over twisted
pair copper cabling (-T).
• In the 10BASE-T wiring topology, each
node is cabled to an Ethernet hub.
• The hub repeats incoming signals to
each connected node.
• Every host connected to the same hub
is within the same collision domain.
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TOPIC 02A KEY LEARNING POINT
• Network Data Transmission
• Ethernet Standards
• Media Access Control and Collision Domains
• Plain Ethernet Standard (10BASE-T)
• Fast Ethernet Standard (100BASE-TX)
• Gigabit Ethernet Standards
[Link]
FAST ETHERNET STANDARD (100BASE-TX)
• 100BASE-TX refers to Fast Ethernet working over
Cat 5 (or better) twisted pair copper cable with
a maximum supported link length of 100
meters (328 feet).
• 100BASE-TX are implemented with switches.
• Unlike a hub, each switch port is a separate
collision domain.
• By eliminating the effect of contention,
switches allow for full-duplex transmissions.
• For backwards compatibility, Fast Ethernet
introduced an "auto-negotiation protocol"
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TOPIC 02A KEY LEARNING POINT
• Network Data Transmission
• Ethernet Standards
• Media Access Control and Collision Domains
• Plain Ethernet Standard (10BASE-T)
• Fast Ethernet Standard (100BASE-TX)
• Gigabit Ethernet Standards
[Link]
GIGABIT ETHERNET STANDARDS
• Gigabit Ethernet implement rates of at least
1000 Mbps (1 Gbps).
• Over copper wire, Gigabit Ethernet is specified
as 1000BASE-T, working over Cat 5e or better,
with a max distance of 100 meters (328 feet).
• Gigabit Ethernet is implemented only using
switches.
• Gigabit Ethernet is the mainstream choice for
new installations of access networks.
• 10 Gbps (10G Ethernet) & 40 Gbps (40G
Ethernet) require shielded/screened cable.
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TOPIC 02A ACTIVITY
• Topic Quiz
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TOPIC 02B - SUMMARIZE COPPER CABLING TYPES
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TOPIC 02B OUTLINE
• Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Shielded & Screened Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Cat Cable Standards
• Twisted Pair Connector Types
• Copper Termination Standards
• Plenum- and Riser-rated Cable
• Coaxial and Twinaxial Cable and Connectors
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TOPIC 02B KEY LEARNING POINT
• Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Shielded & Screened Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Cat Cable Standards
• Twisted Pair Connector Types
• Copper Termination Standards
• Plenum- and Riser-rated Cable
• Coaxial and Twinaxial Cable and Connectors
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UNSHIELDED TWISTED PAIR CABLE CONSIDERATIONS
• One pair of insulated wires twisted together
forms a balanced pair.
• The pairs are twisted at different rates to
reduce external interference and crosstalk.
• Twisted pair can use either solid or stranded
conductor wires.
• Copper wire thickness is measured using
American Wire Gauge (AWG).
• Modern buildings are often flood-wired using
UTP cabling.
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TOPIC 02B KEY LEARNING POINT
• Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Shielded & Screened Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Cat Cable Standards
• Twisted Pair Connector Types
• Copper Termination Standards
• Plenum- and Riser-rated Cable
• Coaxial and Twinaxial Cable and Connectors
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SHIELDED & SCREENED TWISTED PAIR CABLE CONSIDERATIONS
• Shielded cable is less susceptible to
interference and crosstalk.
• Screened cable has one thin outer foil shield
around all pairs (ScTP).
• Fully shielded cabling has a braided outer
screen and foil-shielded pairs and is referred to
as shielded/foiled twisted pair (S/FTP)
• You must also use screened/shielded
connectors.
• Should not be mixed with
unscreened/unshielded elements
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TOPIC 02B KEY LEARNING POINT
• Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Shielded & Screened Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Cat Cable Standards
• Twisted Pair Connector Types
• Copper Termination Standards
• Plenum- and Riser-rated Cable
• Coaxial and Twinaxial Cable and Connectors
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CAT CABLE STANDARDS
• The ANSI/TIA/EIA have created "categories
of cable standards" for twisted pair to
simplify selection of a suitable quality
cable.
• These categories, along with other aspects
of telecommunications wiring best
practices, are defined in the TIA-568
Commercial Building Telecommunications
Cabling Standards.
[Link]
CAT CABLE STANDARDS TABLE
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TOPIC 02B KEY LEARNING POINT
• Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Shielded & Screened Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Cat Cable Standards
• Twisted Pair Connector Types
• Copper Termination Standards
• Plenum- and Riser-rated Cable
• Coaxial and Twinaxial Cable and Connectors
[Link]
TWISTED PAIR CONNECTOR TYPES
• Twisted pair copper cabling uses
Registered Jack (RJ) connectors for the
physical interface.
• RJ-45 connectors
- used with 4-pair (8-wire) cables.
- are also referred to as 8P8C
- used for Ethernet twisted pair cabling
• RJ-11 connectors
- used with 2- or 3-pair UTP
- has only two contacts (6P2C)
- used for telephone systems
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TOPIC 02B KEY LEARNING POINT
• Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Shielded & Screened Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Cat Cable Standards
• Twisted Pair Connector Types
• Copper Termination Standards
• Plenum- and Riser-rated Cable
• Coaxial and Twinaxial Cable and Connectors
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COPPER TERMINATION STANDARDS
• Each conductor in a 4-pair data cable is color-coded.
• Two methods for terminating Ethernet connectors: 568A and 568B.
• T568A is mandated by the US government for residential cabling.
[Link]
COPPER TERMINATION STANDARDS (LAYOUT)
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TOPIC 02B KEY LEARNING POINT
• Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Shielded & Screened Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Cat Cable Standards
• Twisted Pair Connector Types
• Copper Termination Standards
• Plenum- and Riser-rated Cable
• Coaxial and Twinaxial Cable and Connectors
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PLENUM- AND RISER-RATED CABLE
• A plenum space is a void in a building
designed to carry heating, ventilation, &
air conditioning (HVAC) systems.
• Plenum cable must:
- not emit large amounts of smoke
- be self-extinguishing
- meet other strict fire safety standards
• Plenum-rated cable uses treated PVC or
Fluorinated Ethylene Polymer (FEP) and
marked CMP/MMP.
• Data cable that is riser-rated is marked
CMR/MPR.
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TOPIC 02B KEY LEARNING POINT
• Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Shielded & Screened Twisted Pair Cable Considerations
• Cat Cable Standards
• Twisted Pair Connector Types
• Copper Termination Standards
• Plenum- and Riser-rated Cable
• Coaxial and Twinaxial Cable and Connectors
[Link]
COAXIAL AND TWINAXIAL CABLE AND CONNECTORS
• Coaxial (or coax) cable is made of two
conductors that share the same axis,
hence the name (“co” and “ax”).
• Coax cables are categorized using the
Radio Grade (RG) standard.
• Coax is usually terminated using F-type
connectors, which are secured by
screwing into place.
• Twinaxial (or twinax) is similar to coax but
contains two inner conductors.
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TOPIC 02B ACTIVITY
• Topic Quiz
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TOPIC 02C - SUMMARIZE FIBER OPTIC CABLING TYPES
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TOPIC 02C OUTLINE
• Fiber Optic Cable Considerations
• Single Mode Fiber and Multimode Fiber
• Fiber Optic Connector Types
• Fiber Ethernet Standards
• Fiber Optic Cable Installation
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TOPIC 02C KEY LEARNING POINT
• Fiber Optic Cable Considerations
• Single Mode Fiber and Multimode Fiber
• Fiber Optic Connector Types
• Fiber Ethernet Standards
• Fiber Optic Cable Installation
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FIBER OPTIC CABLE CONSIDERATIONS
• Fiber optic signaling uses pulses of
infrared light, which are not susceptible
to interference, cannot easily be
intercepted, and suffer less from
attenuation.
• A single optical fiber is constructed from
three elements: core, cladding, and
buffer.
• There are many different outer jacket
designs and materials suited for different
installations ((indoor/plenum, outdoor,
underground, undersea, and so on)
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TOPIC 02C KEY LEARNING POINT
• Fiber Optic Cable Considerations
• Single Mode Fiber and Multimode Fiber
• Fiber Optic Connector Types
• Fiber Ethernet Standards
• Fiber Optic Cable Installation
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SINGLE MODE FIBER AND MULTIMODE FIBER
• Single Mode Fiber (SMF) • Multimode Fiber (MMF)
- has a small core (8 to 10 microns) - larger core (62.5 or 50 microns)
- 1310 / 1550 nm wavelength - 850 / 1300 nm wavelength
- Laser optics - LED or Laser optics
- support data rates up to 100 Gbps - more suitable for LANs than WANs
- cable runs of many kilometers - OM1/OM2 support 1 Gbps
- OS1 (indoor) and OS2 (outdoor) - OM3/OM4 laser optimized MMF
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TOPIC 02C KEY LEARNING POINT
• Fiber Optic Cable Considerations
• Single Mode Fiber and Multimode Fiber
• Fiber Optic Connector Types
• Fiber Ethernet Standards
• Fiber Optic Cable Installation
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FIBER OPTIC CONNECTOR TYPES
• Straight Tip (ST)
- uses a push-and-twist mechanism
- legacy installations
• Subscriber Connector (SC)
- push/pull design
- commonly used for Gigabit Ethernet
• Local Connector (LC)
- small-form-factor connector
- used for Gigabit Ethernet &10/40 GbE
• Mechanical Transfer Registered Jack
- small form factor snap-in design
- used for multimode networks
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TOPIC 02C KEY LEARNING POINT
• Fiber Optic Cable Considerations
• Single Mode Fiber and Multimode Fiber
• Fiber Optic Connector Types
• Fiber Ethernet Standards
• Fiber Optic Cable Installation
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FIBER ETHERNET STANDARDS
• Ethernet standards over fiber set out the use of different types of cable for
100 Mbps, 1 Gbps, and 10 Gbps operation.
• The principal applications of 10 GbE (and better) are:
- Increasing bandwidth for server interconnections and network
backbones, especially in datacenters and for storage area networks
(SAN).
- Replacing existing switched public data networks based on
proprietary technologies with simpler Ethernet switches (Metro
Ethernet).
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FIBER ETHERNET STANDARDS TABLE
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TOPIC 02C KEY LEARNING POINT
• Fiber Optic Cable Considerations
• Single Mode Fiber and Multimode Fiber
• Fiber Optic Connector Types
• Fiber Ethernet Standards
• Fiber Optic Cable Installation
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FIBER OPTIC CABLE INSTALLATION
• Fiber optic can be installed in the
same topology as copper cable
using distribution frames and
switches.
• Normally, strands are installed in
pairs (duplex) at each device,
with one strand for transmit (Tx)
and one strand for receive (Rx).
• The tip of the ferrule can be
finished in one of three formats:
- Physical Contact (PC)
- Ultra Physical Contact (UPC)
- Angled Physical Contact (APC)
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FIBER OPTIC CABLE JACKETS COLOR CODING
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TOPIC 02C ACTIVITY
• Play video clip
• Topic Quiz
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TOPIC 02D - DEPLOY ETHERNET CABLING
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TOPIC 02D OUTLINE
• Structured Cabling System
• Cable Management
• Wiring Tools and Techniques
• Termination Tools
• Fiber Distribution Panels and Fusion Splicing
• Transceivers
• Wavelength Division Multiplexing
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TOPIC 02D KEY LEARNING POINT
• Structured Cabling System
• Cable Management
• Wiring Tools and Techniques
• Termination Tools
• Fiber Distribution Panels and Fusion Splicing
• Transceivers
• Wavelength Division Multiplexing
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STRUCTURED CABLING SYSTEM
• Work area
• Horizontal Cabling
• Backbone Cabling
• Telecommunications Room
• Equipment room
• Entrance Facilities/Demarc
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TOPIC 02D KEY LEARNING POINT
• Structured Cabling System
• Cable Management
• Wiring Tools and Techniques
• Termination Tools
• Fiber Distribution Panels and Fusion Splicing
• Transceivers
• Wavelength Division Multiplexing
[Link]
CABLE MANAGEMENT
• Cable management techniques and tools
ensure that cabling is reliable and easy to
maintain.
• Copper wiring is terminated using a
distribution frame or "punchdown block".
• Several different punchdown block and IDC
formats have been used for telecoms and
data cabling:
- 66 block
- 110 block
- BIX and Krone formats
- Patch Panel/Patch Bay
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TOPIC 02D KEY LEARNING POINT
• Structured Cabling System
• Cable Management
• Wiring Tools and Techniques
• Termination Tools
• Fiber Distribution Panels and Fusion Splicing
• Transceivers
• Wavelength Division Multiplexing
[Link]
WIRING TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES
• Carefully pull cables.
• Cable is normally routed through conduits.
• The main fixed solid cable run can be up
to 90m .
• Label the ends of the cable with the
appropriate ID.
• Leave enough slack at both ends (service
loop)
• Use electrician’s scissors or cable strippers.
[Link]
TOPIC 02D KEY LEARNING POINT
• Structured Cabling System
• Cable Management
• Wiring Tools and Techniques
• Termination Tools
• Fiber Distribution Panels and Fusion Splicing
• Transceivers
• Wavelength Division Multiplexing
[Link]
TERMINATION TOOLS
• Fixed cable is terminated using a
punchdown tool.
- fixes conductors into an IDC.
- blades are double-sided
• A patch cord is created using a cable
crimper.
- fixes a plug to a cable
- specific to the type of connector & cable
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TOPIC 02D KEY LEARNING POINT
• Structured Cabling System
• Cable Management
• Wiring Tools and Techniques
• Termination Tools
• Fiber Distribution Panels and Fusion Splicing
• Transceivers
• Wavelength Division Multiplexing
[Link]
FIBER DISTRIBUTION PANELS AND FUSION SPLICING
• The structured fiber links are installed in a
similar way to copper cabling.
• Splicing strands minimizes loss from
connectors:
- mechanical
- fusion splicer
• Splicing may also be used to:
- attach a pigtail
- field terminate to a connector
• A spliced cable or pigtail must be
protected with a special cover and
supported by a splice tray.
[Link]
TOPIC 02D KEY LEARNING POINT
• Structured Cabling System
• Cable Management
• Wiring Tools and Techniques
• Termination Tools
• Fiber Distribution Panels and Fusion Splicing
• Transceivers
• Wavelength Division Multiplexing
[Link]
TRANSCEIVERS
• Modular format for installing port types to
network switches and router.
• 1 Gbps Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC)
and Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP)
• 10 Gbps Enhanced SFP (SFP+)
• 4 x 1 Gbps Quad small form-factor
pluggable (QSFP)
• 4 x 10 Gbps Enhanced quad small form-
factor pluggable (QSFP+)
[Link]
TOPIC 02D KEY LEARNING POINT
• Structured Cabling System
• Cable Management
• Wiring Tools and Techniques
• Termination Tools
• Fiber Distribution Panels and Fusion Splicing
• Transceivers
• Wavelength Division Multiplexing
[Link]
WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXING
• Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is
a means of using a strand to transmit
and/or receive more than one channel at
a time.
• Bidirectional (BiDi) Wavelength Division
Multiplexing transmit and receive over
same strand using separate wavelengths.
• Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing
(CWDM) implement 8 full duplex channels.
• Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
(DWDM) implement 20, 40, 80, or 160
channels.
[Link]
TOPIC 02D ACTIVITY
• Play video clip
• Topic Quiz
[Link]
LESSON 2 SUMMARY
• Summarize Ethernet standards
• Summarize copper cabling types
• Summarize fiber optic cabling types
• Deploy Ethernet cabling
[Link]
Course Title: CompTIA Network+ (N10-008)
End of Lesson 2
Deploying Ethernet
Cabling
Ivan Jude Busgano, CTT+
CompTIA Certified Professional
Course Instructor
