Module 7
Employee Development
Comparison between Training and
Development
Training Development
Focus Current Future
Use of work experience Low High
Goal Preparation for Preparation
current job for changes
Participation
Required Voluntary
Development and Careers
• Protean Career: A career that is frequently
changing.
• The types of knowledge that an employee
needs to be successful have changed. In
addition to “knowing how,” employees also
need to “know why” and “know whom.”
• Career pattern from a linear hierarchy to a
spiral career pattern.
• “Boundaryless” careers.
Approaches to Employee
Development
• Formal education
• Assessment
– Myers-Briggs test
– Assessment center
– Benchmarks
– Performance appraisals
• Job experiences
• Interpersonal relationships
Myers - Briggs Types
16 personality types based on the following 4 dimensions:
1 Energy: where people get strength and vitality from
– extroverts (e) - interpersonal relationships
– introverts (i) - personal thoughts and feelings
2 Life-Style: tendency to be flexible and adaptable
– judging (j) - focus on goals, establish deadlines
– perceiving (p) - enjoy surprises, change decisions
3 Information-gathering: actions taken in decision-making
– sensing (s) - gather facts, detail
– intuitive (i) - focus on possibilities, idea relationships
4 Decision-making: amount of consideration for other’s feelings
– thinking (t) - objective focus
– perceiving (p) - evaluate the impact of decisions on others
Assessment Centers
The types of exercises used include:
– Leaderless group discussion
– Interviews
– In-baskets
– Role Plays
Employee Development
Experiences
Promotion Vertical assignments
Lateral moves
- job rotation - delegation of more
- lateral transfers significant tasks
Enlargement
Job
of current job Transfers
Rotation
experiences
Temporary
Downward move assignment
with another
organization
Employee Development Experiences:
Upward-Downward-Lateral Moves
BOSS
promotion
JOB Transfer
demotion
Subordinate
Characteristics of
Successful Mentoring programs.
Participation is voluntary
Matching process is flexible
Mentors are chosen on ability & willingness
Purpose is clearly understood
Program length is specified
Minimum level of contact is specified
Contact among participants is encouraged
Program is evaluated
Employee development is rewarded
Benefits of Mentoring
Relationships for Proteges
Career Support
Coaching, protection, sponsorship, providing
challenging assignments, exposure, and visibility
Psychological Support
A friend and a role model, providing positive
regard and acceptance, and providing a sounding
board of proteges.
Additional Benefit
Promotion, higher salaries and greater influence
Career Management Process
Self-
Assessment
- determine
career interests,
values, aptitudes
Career Management Process
Reality
Check
Self-
Assessment - feedback on
skills, knowledge
- determine
career interests,
values, aptitudes
Career Management Process
Goal
Setting
Reality - devise short-
Check and long-term
developmental
Self-
plans
Assessment - feedback on
skills, knowledge
- determine
career interests,
values, aptitudes
Career Management Process
Action
Plans
Goal
Setting
Reality - devise short-
Check and long-term
developmental
Self-
plans
Assessment - feedback on
skills, knowledge
- determine
career interests,
values, aptitudes
Special Issues
• Melting the Glass Ceiling
• Succession Planning
• Dysfunctional Managers