Радиотехнические системы и средства летательных аппаратов 83

UDC 629.735.33.051.5: 681.518.54 doi: 10.32620/aktt.2018.6.11

I. A. ISGANDAROV, S. M. KARIMOV, N. H. BABAYEVA

National Aviation Academy, Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku

METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS FOR NONCONTACT DIAGNOSTICS

OF THE TCAS SYSTEM

This article is devoted to an investigation of the TCAS (Traffic Collision Avoidance System) diagnostics and
self-diagnostics problems. The aim of the current research is to prepare the TCAS system built-in diagnostics
aid and to build a model of a device for non-contact monitoring of the TCAS unit operational status. The
tasks of the research are the following: to conduct analysis of the features and capabilities of the TCAS
diagnostic techniques and aids; to develop a model which can detect the spurious actuation of the system and
false decision-making; to prepare techniques which can detect such behavior of the system during a flight; to
construct a model of a device for built-in diagnostics based on an non-contact monitoring of the TCAS states.
The applied techniques of the researches are the following: application of signs, facts, and heuristic
information about faults, implementation of an instrumental approach and diagnostic techniques based on an
estimation of measured and monitored parameters. The system state monitoring method was proposed to
carry out non-contact diagnostics of the system and to monitor the operating modes. This method is based on
operating current variations by means of current measure using non-contact meters. It was proposed to
apply the Hall sensor and the Rogowski coil to carry out such diagnostics. The schematic model to monitor
the operation of the TCAS receiving and computing unit is developed considering Hall sensors’ capabilities
to measure both direct and alternating currents. It was proposed the method and schematics to monitor
TCAS system transmitter operating modes due to the fact that Rogowski coil is capable to measure both pulse
and HF currents. This promotes to carry out diagnostics of the system proper operation. Several model
versions of Rogowski coil are developed. Researches were carried out applying self-contained testing device
(АКИП – 3407/2А) and Tektronics TSB digital oscilloscope.
Conclusions. The novelty of the carried researches is follows: it is proposed a method for monitoring the
variations of operating currents applied by the TCAS basic units for providing the self-contained diagnostics
system; it is proposed a method for monitoring the system state according to the operating current
variations, based on current measurements applying the Hall sensor and the Rogowski coil to provide the
TCAS non-contact diagnostics. The research includes analysis of the laboratory measurements which were
performed applying several versions of the Rogowski coil. Functional diagrams of the coil connections to the
circuit are developed applying MultiSim14. The logical unit of the TCAS electrical modes built-in monitoring
device is developed applying MatLab and MultiSim14.

Keywords: TCAS; false decisions; operating current; non-contact diagnostics; Hall sensor; Rogowski coil

Actuality of the problem schematic, which is formed by the established

measurement methods.

Diagnostic of the TCAS system is particularly

Solutions of the problem
important as the TCAS system on all aircraft is designed
to prevent mid-air collisions. Thus, considering the
possibility of errors and the possibility of problems As you know, the TCAS system works in super
occurring within the TCAS system, development of an high-frequency range and consists of several parts such
autonomous diagnostic method for this system is one of as transmitter-receiver and computing unit which
the reasonable solutions. Design of an autonomous provides data exchange. In accordance with the
diagnostic device based on this method is important for secondary radar principle, the system performs
the implementation of the proposed autonomous operations such as observation and communication
diagnostic method. As a result of considering false using existing equipment and software. The TCAS
decisions and fault cases that could present in the TCAS system makes certain decisions to ensure the operational
system, we can prevent these possible problems using safety of the flight. Thus, it is possible that correct
autonomous diagnostic unit, having prepared decision in particular situation depends on TCAS
operational algorithm of this project and its functional system's operating parameters and can be controlled. It

 I. A. Isgandarov, S. M. Karimov, N. H. Babayeva

84 ISSN 1727-7337. АВИАЦИОННО-КОСМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, 2018, № 6(150)

is necessary to determine whether the TCAS system a trouble signal can be received much earlier than in
operates properly to provide safety when the aircraft is case of limit testing.
in flight and for this purpose, the solution of the Applying the special mathematical models for the
problem can be performed by controlling the situational signal measured, we obtain the required properties such
change in the TCAS system operating electrical as amplitude and phase, frequency spectrum and
parameters’ certain values. correlation function to define the signal bandwidth.
Technical diagnosis is known to be a process of Then, the properties obtained are compared with the
estimating the state of any system by its indirect normal values of the process to detect any changes.
symptoms. The purpose of TCAS built-in diagnostics Different approaches to fault detection
development and designing of the device for non- (troubleshooting) with the process models have been
contact monitoring of the system state is to define the developed over the past few decades. Their task is to
reliability and validity degree of the information carry out detection of faults in processes, actuators, and
received via TCAS. meters, using dependencies between measured signals.
To solve this problem, the tasks are set to analyze These dependencies are expressed in the process of
the features and capabilities of the TCAS diagnostic mathematical models. Methods based on the process
techniques and aids, to develop a model for detecting model require knowledge on the process dynamic
the system false actuation and false decision-making, to model, on the model’s mathematical form and
develop techniques to detect such states of the system parameters.
during the flight, and to construct a model of a device For some technical processes, the basic relations
for independent (built-in) diagnostics based on a non- between faults and their symptoms can be partially
contact monitoring of the TCAS state. known. Then the knowledge is represented in the form
For this purpose, the suggested technique provides of cause-and-effect relations: fault – event – symptom.
the early detection of the TCAS false actuation and the The advent of these cause-and-effect relations results
following decision-making, enabling to predict or to from analysis of fault tree which starts from a fault and
eliminate their progress and thereby to exclude actions extends via supporting events to the symptoms, or,
and maneuvers resulting from the system false based on the analysis of the fault tree which starts from
responses which can result in harmful consequences. the symptoms and extends to a fault [11].
Typically, the diagnostics of a technical state In the classical version, the analysis of a tree of
consists of two procedures: fault detection and faults, symptoms, and events is considered as binary
diagnosis. Each of them is based on certain techniques variables, and conditions as a part of rules can be
and approaches to carry out a diagnosis versus system obtained with logical equations for a parallel-series
behavior and the following conditions. The diagnosis connection. However, this procedure didn’t succeed due
procedures of a technical state are based on the analysis to the continuous and gradual behavior of a fault.
of the analytical and heuristic symptoms. In most cases, Geometric methods are based on the analysis of
diagnostics is based on an estimation of the parameters the graphical representation of fault symptoms (in
measured and monitored by a human operator [12]. numeric terms) with the values of the analyzed variable.
In the case of automated diagnosis, analytical The difference between statistical or geometrical
knowledge of the process is required; to estimate the methods is in applying the probability function.
values observed, the human operator’s expert Neural networks used in performing diagnostics
knowledge, called heuristic knowledge, is required. enable to approximate the non-linear equations and to
In simple cases, troubleshooting is based on single define wide regions of solutions in a continuous or
measurement of a signal and is carried out by limit digital form [5].
testing or testing against trend; or, in more complex In most cases, the process control charts are used,
cases, by operating with the signal specific model, via which represent the graphical aids of analysis using
extraction of the signal’s features and by varying the statistical data. This does not require the deterministic
detection techniques. model of the process. However, assumptions, with
When checking the limits of absolute values, as a respect to statistics of variables which are to be
rule, two preset values (maximum and minimum), monitored, are required.
called thresholds, are used. The process is in a normal In the course of the research conducted, the
state if the variable remains within the specified limits. following methods were chosen: 1) application of fault
Exceeding one of the thresholds indicates a fault (a symptoms, facts and heuristic data; 2) instrument
trouble) in the process. approach, and 3) diagnostics based on an estimation of
Testing against trend includes calculating the first parameters under measurement and monitoring.
derivative of the monitored signal and checking whether To implement the system non-contact diagnostics
it is within acceptable limits. If small limits are selected, and to monitor the operation modes, the 3rd method, the
Радиотехнические системы и средства летательных аппаратов 85

method of the system state monitoring, was chosen. r, is the distance between the centers of the Hall sensor
This method is based on monitoring one of the basic and the cable. When selecting the linear Hall sensor's
operating parameters for operating current variation by position relative to the cable, it is important to notice
means of current metering with non-contact meters. that the highest sensitivity is achieved when the
It is possible that this system proper operation, true magnetic field lines cut the sensor's plane at the straight
and exact decision-making for aircraft's maneuver is angle. The main disadvantage of this sensor is that any
based on controlling operating current of TCAS system. external magnetic field source affects the order of the
This problem can be solved with application of the sensor. Therefore, in order to increase sensitivity and
Rogowski coil and Hall sensor [8]. reduce external influences, precision sensor based on an
In this article it was intended to control the values integrated circuit is placed in the intermediate part of
variability of the actual electrical parameters of the the magnetic core and the current conducting cable is
system such as evaluation criteria, to determine whether transmitted from inside the toroid as in the transformer
the TCAS system is functioning properly or not during sensor [1].
the flight. In addition, during the research, measurements of
It is possible to check the system's operating the current in the range of 0.1 - 10A were performed via
performance by controlling its operating current. For transistor, operational amplifier and optocoupler based
this reason, when TCAS is in standby mode, the amplifiers to achieve the required amplification to
operating currents of its receiver and the computing reduce generated extra noise in the Hall sensor, to
units have the minimum values of Ireceiver min. and Icomputing provide measurement of the smaller currents and to
min., and the operating current of the TCAS transmitter is avoid the use of special magnetic cores and
Itransmitter≈ 0. Operating currents of the active TCAS microelectronic circuits. According to this, the current
system during the flight, which is intended to be control was carried out by placing the Hall sensor near
monitored, is much higher than the values in the standby to current conducting cable. The Hall sensor allows
mode due to the interaction with other TCAS systems measuring the currents up to 100 kHz. It is impossible
[4, 7]. It is possible to provide autonomous diagnostic to use Hall sensor to measure the transmitting current of
based on contactless control of these currents operating TCAS system due to transmitting frequency being very
parameters change. The Hall sensor, the Rogowski coil high - 1030 MHz. Therefore, Rogowski coil may be
and other types of current sensors can provide such considered as the most applicable sensor to control
control [1, 6]. The main purpose of this work is to check transmitting current of TCAS system. The main feature
the real performance and decision-making of the TCAS of this sensor is that electromotive force in its signal
system by contactless control of the current rate increase winding is directly proportional to the derivative of the
or decrease. measured current and allows to measure high frequency
Hall current sensors differ from other sensors due currents [1, 2, 3, and 10].
to the absence of conductivity loss and ability to Due to above mentioned characteristics Rogowski
measure both direct current and alternate current. The coil is widely used as current sensor in variable current
Hall sensor is isolated from the measured current circuit circuits. Known Rogowski coil contains toroid which is
which automatically provides galvanic separation. made of dielectric material that has winding with equal
Disadvantage is a necessity of an external energy turn. Electromotive force occurs when closing the loop
source. When measuring high currents (10-2000A), the in the surrounded coil with the measured current
Hall sensor can be placed closely to the cable without conducting cable. According to the Ampere's law, the
using additional magnetic core. Linear Hall sensors also linear integral voltage of the magnetic field is equal to
allow to measure high frequency currents and when the total current on the restricted surface within this
located near to the current conducting cable, the output closed loop [9, 14].
voltage of the sensor is proportional to the arisen
magnetic field induction and eventually the  H  cos   dl  I. (2)
current [1, 13].
Here, H – is the magnetic field vector and α – is
The simplest Hall current sensor implementation is
the angle between the normal direction and turn’s
when the Hall sensor is located near to the measured
surface of the elementary section with length dl.
current conducting cable. The induction of the magnetic
The correlation between magnetic flux (Φ) and
field generated by the current conducting cable can be
magnetic field voltage (H) is determined by the
defined by the following formula [1]:
following expression [9]:
B  0 (I / 4r), (1)
Ф   0 HdS  0  A  nH  dl. (3)
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Where, dS = A×n×dl (A – is the width area of the When using Rogowski coil wrapped on the
elementary section; n – is the amount coils, dl – length toroidal plastic frame (current conducting cable passes
of the single coil in the section. through winding), signal amplitude appropriate to signal
Electromotive force occurs according to the frequency 400 kHz (Figure 1) is Um= 18 mV.
induced electric field during the magnetic field change
in the closed loop [9]: Frequency, kHz 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Voltage, mV 4.8 9 13.5 18 20 24 28
dФ d
  0 xAxn  Md / dt. (4)
dt dt

Here, M = µ0×A×n – is the mutual inductance

between the coil and the cable. This sensor cannot be
used to measure the direct current, because
electromotive force is induced during the magnetic field
change. Evermore, is the most important case being to
follow equal distribution of turns along length during
wrapping of the winding.
The Rogowski coil is highly susceptible to the
external magnetic fields and in order to reduce the
impact of this harmful factor, equal wrapping of the
windings in the circular toroidal core is to be performed
which will balance influence of the external equal
magnetic field inside the coil.
In addition, Rogowski coil is placed inside an
electrostatic screen and in the result external
electromagnetic fields effects are removed. Figure 1. Plot of results obtained using MATLAB
Furthermore, one of the effective methods is to use an (when using wrapped Rogowski coil on the toroidal
opposite winding which eliminates the effects of plastic frame - current conducting cable passes through
external variable magnetic fields. winding) in the first case
The main advantages of the Rogowski coil:
2) When using ordinary Rogowski coil, but
- the current change is the linear function, which in
current conducting cable is in different position:
turn enables expansion of the measured current range;
When we use wrapped Rogowski coil on the
- it allows measurement without interrupting the
toroidal plastic frame (current conducting cable is
current line and it has a disassembled design;
wrapped on the coil, approximately 10 windings), signal
- winding inductive is low and so on [9].
amplitude appropriate to signal frequency 400 kHz is
Under laboratory conditions, we practiced several
Um = 190 mV (as shown in Figure 2). In this case, signal
measurements based on Rogowski coil with АКИП -
amplitude increases according to amount of wrapped
3407/2Аmark signal generator and Tektronix, TSBmark
current conducting cable's windings on the Rogowski
digital oscilloscope and obtained necessary parameters.
coil (according to the transformer principle) and is 10
During the measurements, three different types of
times more: 19 mV x 10 = 190 mV.
Rogowski coil were examined and the results of the
3) When using Rogowski coil with an unordinary
obtained measurements were analyzed with both MS
design (a form is made by us):
Excel and MATLAB.
In the third case – Wrapped Rogowski coil with
Firstly, measurements were performed in
non-standard form gives the 54 mV amplitude in
sinusoidal signal modes. In order to avoid the use of
response to 400 kHz signal, so that in this case it is 3
additional amplifier units, the operating frequency range
times more when comparing to first case samples
was selected relatively high scaled and considering that
(Figure 3).
EMF is proportional to the frequency in low frequency
In the first and the third cases, we can do
range, it was determined via calculation.
measurements without breaking the current conducting
During the measurement the effective value of the
cable. Thereby, we make it possible to evaluate the
operating current was taken at I = 50 mA.
current flowing in circuit bringing the Rogowski coil
Based on obtained parameters from measurement
closer to the current conducting cable. It is possible to
results and obtained the graphs through the MATLAB
increase the sensitivity n times by wrapped current
program, it seems that,
conducting cable’s winding on the Rogowski coil
1) When using ordinary Rogowski coil:
Радиотехнические системы и средства летательных аппаратов 87

(current conducting cable is wrapped as n times of Rogowski coil should be made using wires that are
windings on the coil) in the second case. appropriate to the operating current. For example, if the
current in the circuit is 100A, thus this winding's cable
Frequency, kHz 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
should be calculated for this current, so that it should
Voltage, mV 58 100 145 190 210 250 290 have diameter relevant to 5-10 mm2 surface.
Consequently, this causes extra weight and complex
construction.
When the operating current is 50 mA (100 mA)
and 400 kHz in the current line, the obtained signal
amplitude is 18 mV (in the first case), 190 mV (in the
second case), and 54mV (in the third case) with the
Rogowski coil. This means that, we can obtain values
appropriate to the same cases when the operating
current is 50 A (100 A) and frequency is 400 Hz as in
modern aircraft AC circuits, so that the operating
current is 1000 times more than values we used and the
operating frequency is 1000 times less than values used
during the experiment.
We can develop current sensor with the
implementation of the Rogowski coil and the sensor
based on Hall Effect to control an operating mode
according to the current. System’s diagnostics and its’
model synthesis is possible in this way.
Figure 2. Plot of results obtained using MATLAB
It is possible to build circuit of an autonomous
(when using wrapped Rogowski coil on the toroidal
control unit based on new types of current sensor which
plastic frame - current conducting cable
is wrapped on the coil) in the second case are Hall sensor and Rogowski coil.
The logical block-diagram of an autonomous
diagnostics unit was built using MATLAB Simulink to
Frequency, kHz 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
provide autonomous control of the TCAS system
Voltage, mV 15 30 40 54 62 75 90
operating process implementing the Rogowski and Hall
sensors based on the accomplished analysis and
research. Following the circuit, if there is a failure, false
launch and false decision cases within the TCAS system
during the flight, it is possible to obtain the information
about it and this block-diagram is shown in Figure 4.
In some cases, it is also important that both the
medium value of the current and its shape are known.
Therefore, integrator must be used for turn the current to
initial shape, because obtained electromotive force with
Rogowski coil is appropriate to the derivative of
current.
To simulate Rogowski coil current sensor's
operation in Multisim 14, the coil was substituted with
RC differentiating circuit, the current converter unit's
circuits were formed using integrator on the basis of
ordinary RC circuit and operational amplifier as
integrated circuit.
Figure 3. Plot of results obtained using MATLAB
Continuation of the Figure 4.1 is shown Figure 4.2.
(wrapped Rogowski coil with non-standard form)
in the third case The simplest RC integrator's circuit and its
operating modes’ simulation for the Rogowski coil
However, in this case the circuit of the current using MultiSim is shown in Figure 5. Here, R1C1 is the
conducting cable should be broken and the wrapped differentiating circuit (substitute circuit for Rogowski
current conducting cable's n times windings on the coil) and R2C2 is the ordinary integrator circuit.
88 ISSN 1727-7337. АВИАЦИОННО-КОСМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, 2018, № 6(150)

(4.1) (4.2)

Figure 4. Logic block-diagram of autonomous diagnostics unit based on Hall and Rogowski sensors developed
using Matlab Simulink (4.1, 4.2)

Figure 5. The simplest RC integrator's simulation in MultiSim for Rogowski coil

Радиотехнические системы и средства летательных аппаратов 89

Simulation of the integrator based on operational appropriately to the TCAS system's false decision cases.
amplifier for the Rogowski coil was performed using This unit’s block diagram is shown in Figure 7.
MultiSim as shown in Figure 6. This circuit can be used separately to amplify the
According to the limit value of current, amplifier- signals obtained by both of the Hall sensor and
comparator block's circuit in MultiSim 14 provides “0” Rogowski coil and to compare with comparator based
and “1” logical levels to evaluate ranges of the current on the standard level (level of warning).

Figure 6. Simulation of the integrator based on operational amplifier for the Rogowski coil in MultiSim

Figure 7. Amplifier and comparator unit’s diagram

90 ISSN 1727-7337. АВИАЦИОННО-КОСМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, 2018, № 6(150)

Conclusion 10. Kuchar, James K., Drumm, Ann C. The Traffic

Alert and Collision Avoidance System. Lincoln
The main results of the accomplished work are as laboratory journal, 2007, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 277-296.
11. Koelle, Joshua., Smith, Matthew., Sulcs, Peter.,
follows:
Kacprzynski, Greg. and Walthall, Rhonda. Lessons
1. Control method to operating currents change of Learned in Implementing a Practical Aircraft System
TCAS system's main units was proposed to provide the Health Management (ASHM) System. Impact
autonomous control of the TCAS system. Technologies, a Sikorsky Innovations Company,
2. TCAS system operating current control methods Rochester, NY, 14623, USA. UTC Aerospace Systems,
were investigated. San Diego, CA, 92123, USA. 8 p.
3. Considering the necessity of the proposed 12. Przytula, K. Wojtek., Allen, David., Vian,
autonomous diagnostic method, measurements with John., Mansouri, Gary. Health monitoring for
Rogowski coil were performed under laboratory commercial aircraft systems. HRL Laboratories, LLC,
conditions for TCAS system. Malibu, CA 90265. The Boeing Company, Phantom
Works, Seattle, WA 98124. 26TH International
4. The results obtained during measurements were
Congress of the Aeronautical Sciences. 8 p.
analyzed using MatLab and were compared for various 13. Paun, Maria-Alexandra., Sallese, Jean-Michel
conditions. and Kayal, Maher. Hall Effect Sensors Design,
5. The main functional block diagrams of Integration and Behavior Analysis. Journal of Sensor
autonomous diagnostic unit were developed using and Actuator Networks, ISSN 2224-2708, 8 February
MultiSim 14 according to the intended method to solve 2013, pp. 85-97.
design issues of autonomous diagnostic unit for TCAS 14. Samimi, Mohammad Hamed., Mahari, Arash.,
system. Farahnakian, Mohammad Ali., Mohseni, Hossein. A
Review on the Rogowski Coil Principles and
Applications. IEEE Sensors Journal, October 2014. 8 p.
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Поступила в редакцию 11.10.2018, рассмотрена на редколлегии 12.12.2018

МЕТОДЫ И СРЕДСТВА ДЛЯ БЕСКОНТАКТНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ СИСТЕМЫ TCAS

И. А. Искендеров, С. М. Керимов, Н. Г. Бабаева
Данная работа посвящена исследованию проблем диагностики и самодиагностики системы TCAS
(Traffic Collusion and Avoidance System) и разработке модели устройства автономной диагностики данной
системы. Целью данной работы является разработка методов автономной диагностики системы TCAS и
модели устройства бесконтактного контроля состояния системы. Задачи, поставленные в работе: анализ
особенностей и возможностей методов и средств диагностики TCAS; разработка модели обнаружения
ложного срабатывания и ложного решения в системе; разработка методов обнаружения таких состояний
системы в полете; построение модели устройства автономной диагностики на основе метода бесконтактного
контроля состояний системы TCAS. Используемыми методами для исследований являются: методы
использования признаков, фактов и эвристических данных о неисправностях; инструментальный метод;
методы диагностики, основанные на оценке измеряемых и контролируемых параметров. Для реализации
бесконтактной диагностики системы и контроля режимов работы предложен метод контроля состояния
системы по изменению рабочего тока путем измерения токов с помощью бесконтактных датчиков.
Предложены схемы реализации такой диагностики применением датчика Холла и катушки Роговского.
Разработана модель схемы контроля приемника и вычислительного блока TCAS с учетом возможностей
датчика Холла измерить как постоянный, так и переменный ток. С учетом особенностей катушки
Роговского измерить импульсный, а также высокочастотный токи предложена методика и схема контроля
режимов работы передатчика системы, тем самим диагностики правильной работы системы. Разработаны
несколько макетных вариантов катушки Роговского и проведены исследования с использованием
генератора сигналов АКИП - 3407/2А и цифрового осциллографа Tektronix, TSB. Выводы. Научная новизна
работы состоит в следующем: предложен метод контроля изменения рабочих токов основных блоков
системы TCAS для обеспечения автономной диагностики системы; для обеспечения бесконтактной
диагностики системы TCAS предложен метод контроля состояния системы по изменению рабочего тока,
путем измерения токов с помощью датчика Холла и катушки Роговского. Проведен анализ результатов
лабораторных измерений с использованием нескольких вариантов катушки Роговского и сформированы в
среде MultiSim14 функциональные схемы включения катушки. Разработан логический блок автономного
устройства контроля электрических режимов системы TCAS, который сформирован на MatLab и
MultiSim14.
Ключевые слова: TCAS; ложные решения; рабочий ток; бесконтактная диагностика; датчик Холла;
катушка Роговского.

МЕТОДИ ТА ЗАСОБИ ДЛЯ БЕЗКОНТАКТНОЇ ДІАГНОСТИКИ СИСТЕМИ TCAS

І. А. Іскендеров, С. М. Керімов, Н. Г. Бабаєва
Дана робота присвячена дослідженню проблем діагностики та самодіагностики системи TCAS (Traffic
Collusion and Avoidance System) і розробці моделі пристрою автономної діагностики даної системи. Метою
даної роботи є розробка методів автономної діагностики системи TCAS і моделі пристрою безконтактного
92 ISSN 1727-7337. АВИАЦИОННО-КОСМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, 2018, № 6(150)

контролю стану системи. Завдання, поставлені в роботі: аналіз особливостей і можливостей методів і засобів
діагностики TCAS; розробка моделі виявлення помилкового спрацьовування і помилкового рішення в
системі; розробка методів виявлення таких станів системи в польоті; побудова моделі пристрою автономної
діагностики на основі методу безконтактного контролю станів системи TCAS. Використовуваними
методами для досліджень є: методи використання ознак, фактів і евристичних даних про несправності;
інструментальний метод; методи діагностики, засновані на оцінці вимірюваних і контрольованих
параметрів. Для реалізації безконтактної діагностики системи і контролю режимів роботи запропонований
метод контролю стану системи зі зміни робочого струму шляхом вимірювання струмів за допомогою
безконтактних датчиків. Запропоновано схеми реалізації такої діагностики застосуванням датчика Холла і
котушки Роговського. Розроблено модель схеми контролю приймача і обчислювального блоку TCAS з
урахуванням можливостей датчика Холла виміряти як постійний, так і змінний струм. З урахуванням
особливостей котушки Роговського виміряти імпульсний, а також високочастотний струм запропонована
методика і схема контролю режимів роботи передавача системи, тим самим діагностики правильної роботи
системи. Розроблено кілька макетних варіантів котушки Роговського і проведені дослідження з
використанням генератора сигналів АКИП - 3407/2А і цифрового осцилографа Tektronix, TSB. Висновки.
Наукова новизна роботи полягає в наступному: запропонований метод контролю зміни робочих струмів
основних блоків системи TCAS для забезпечення автономної діагностики системи; для забезпечення
безконтактної діагностики системи TCAS запропонований метод контролю стану системи зі зміни робочого
струму, шляхом вимірювання струмів за допомогою датчика Холла і котушки Роговського. Проведено
аналіз результатів лабораторних вимірювань з використанням декількох варіантів котушки Роговского і
сформовані в середовищі MultiSim14 функціональні схеми включення котушки. Розроблено логічний блок
автономного устрою контролю електричних режимів системи TCAS, який сформований на MatLab і
MultiSim14.
Ключові слова: TCAS; помилкові рішення; робочий струм; безконтактна діагностика; датчик Холла;
котушка Роговського.

Искендеров Ислам Асад оглы – канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры «Авионика»
Национальной Академии Авиации Азербайджанской Республики, Баку.
Керимов Сеймур МирМустафа оглы – начальник отдела «Практической подготовки пилотов»,
ведущий инженер; старший преподаватель, диссертант кафедры «Авионика» Национальной Академии
Авиации Азербайджанской Республики, Баку.
Бабаева Нергиз Гусейн гызы – инженер; магистр кафедры «Авионика» Национальной Академии
Авиации Азербайджанской Республики, Баку.

Isgandarov Islam Asad – Candidate of Physical-Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor of the

«Avionics» Chair, National Aviation Academy, Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, e-mail: [email protected].
Karimov Seymur MirMustafa – Dissertant of the «Avionics» Chair, National Aviation Academy, Republic
of Azerbaijan, Baku, e-mail: [email protected].
Babayeva Nergiz Huseyn – Master of the «Avionics» Chair, National Aviation Academy, Republic of
Azerbaijan, Baku, e-mail: [email protected].