Australian Standard® Carbon steels and carbon-manganese steels—Hot rolled bars and semi- finished products‘This Austalan Standard was propared by Committee MT-00}, ln and Stee. was ‘aperoved on bara ofthe Ca.tol of Standards Atala on 20 Apt 2007. “This Standard was pubtshed on 20 September 2007. “The folowing re represented on Commitee MT-001: ‘Australasian Relays Assccition ‘Austrafan Bubing Codes Board ‘untalan Furey ithe ‘AntralanInusry Group Bureau of Sted! Menulocurers of Austra Motels Australes “Tia Sarciard was laser in af fom for comment aa DF 05601. ‘Standards Austra wishes to acknowledge the pattioation ofthe expert indvils that cortrbtad to the devefopment of his Standard trough the represerion on the (Carmitiee and trough pubic comment petiod. Keeping Standards up-to-date ‘Australan Standards ar ing documents that rata progress in sclanca, technology and ‘ysiems. To muita ther curency, all Standerds are perodealy evewed, and new edna ‘fe publehod. Between exons amendments maybe issued. ‘Standards may leo bo withdrawn. tis portant tat reedare assure themeatvos thoy aro tang a curont Standard, which should induce any amercmerts that may hevo been putlshed since tre Standard was published. tated formation about Aueralen Standards, dhs, srrendiments nc new prec can be tourd by vena wow standards.orgau ‘Standards Auctrata welcomes suggestion for moroverent, and encourages reeds to otty us rrmedetel of ery apparent Inscouraces or ambit, Contact us va ema at ‘[email protected], oF wite to Slanderds Ausrale, GPO Box 476, Sychey, NSW 2001,Australian Standard® Carbon steels and carbon-manganese steels—Hot rolled bars and semi- finished products eed pt an AB G71. Prva As i COPrRIGHT (© Stardarde Auetrate [Al ight ae raervod. No pat of hi work may be repreduced or coped any fom or by ‘any ‘means, lector of mechanical, Includlg photocopying, without the writen ‘rmialon othe publaee, Puillhed by Standards Australie, GPO Box 478, Syiney, NSW 2001, Auarale 188M 07937 02815‘As 14422007 2 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Australian membors of the Joint Standards/Standards Now Zealand Commitice MT-001, Iron and Steel to supersede AS 1442—1992, Carbon steels and carbon-manganese steelsHot rolled bars and semi-finished products. ‘After consultation with stakeholders in both countries, Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand decided to develop this Standard as am Australian, rather than an ‘Australian/New Zealand Standard. The objective of the Standard is to specify the general technical delivery requirements for carbon steels and carbon-manganese steels in the hot rolled or semi-finished condition, incloding the requirements for sampling and testing. The objective of this revision is to update the referenced documents and to apply current style. The terms ‘normative’ and ‘informative’ have been used in this Standard to define the pplication of the appendix to which they apply. A ‘normative’ appendix is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an “informative” appendix is only for information and guidance. Statements expressed in mandatory terms in footnotes to tables are deemed to be requirements of this Standard,10 uw 3 asian ‘DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES FOR RODS AND BARS... ROUNDING OF TEST RESULT VALUES. MARKING... APPENDICES A B "PURCHASING GUIDELINES neon ‘MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR MAXIMUM SURFACE IMPERFECTION DEPTH AND RECOMMENDED MACHINING ALLOWANCES... neon aodAS 14422007 ‘ STANDARDS AUSTRALIA Australian Standard Carbon steels and carbon-manganese steels—Hot rolled bars and semi- finished products 1 SCOPE This Standard specifies requirements for carbon steels and carbon-manganese steel rods, bars, blooms, billets and slabs, delivered in the as-rolied or normalized condition, for forging and for general engincoring purposes. It specifies chemical composition requirements for all grades, and tensile strength requirements for grades required to meet ‘mechanical properties. The Standard permits the addition of boron and micro-alloying clements for the achievement of special propertics. The Standard also specifies requirements for the maximum depth of surface imperfections and gives recommended machining allowances for bars of various sizes. ‘NOTES: 1. Advice and recommendations on information to be supplied by the parcheser atthe time of ‘enquiry or order are contained in Appendix A. 2 For guidance ons means for demonstrating compliance io the Standard refer to Appendix B. 2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard: As 1199 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes 1199.0 Part 0: Introduction to the ISO 2859 attribute sampling systom 1199.1 Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance of quality limit (AQL) for Jotbhy-lot inspection 1391 Metallic materials —Tensile testing at ambient temperatures 1733 Methods for determination of grain size in metals 2338 Preferred dimensions of wrought metal products 2706 ‘Numerical values—Rounding and interpretation of limiting values ASINZS 1050 Methods for the analysis of iron and steel 100.1 Part 1: Sampling iron and steo! for chemical analysis, ASINZS ISO 9001 Quality management system—Requirements 9004 Quality management system—Guidelines for performance improvements, HB 18.28 Conformity assessmont—Guidance on a third-party cortification systom for products Iso. 2566 _‘Stcel—Conversion of elongation values 2566-1 Part 1: Carbon and low alloy steels Standards Austra ww standards. org au5 as 14422007 3 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions below apply. 34 Bar ‘A finished product of solid section which may have rectangular, square, round or hexagonal cross-section, defined as follows: () Flat bars (flats) Bars of rectangular cross-section, 3 mm or greater in thickness and less than 600 mm jn width, supplied in straight lengths or coils and having edges of controlled contour. (©) Hexagonal bars (hexagons) Bars of regular hexagonal cross-section supplied in straight lengths or coils. (©) Square bars (squares) [Bars of square cross-section supplied in straight lengths or coils. (@) Round bars (round) [Bars of circular cross-section supplied in straight lengths or coils. 3.2 Billet ‘A semi-finished forged, rolled or continuowsly-east product intended for processing imo finished products by further forging or rolling. The cross-section is usually square or rectangular, with dimensions not greater than 165 mm x 165 mm (or equivalent cross- sectional area), and the width-to-thickness ratio is less than 4:1. 3.3 Bloom ‘A semicfinished forged, rolled or continmonsly-cast product intended for further rolling or forging. The cross-section is square or rectangular, with dimensions greater than 165 mm x 165 mm (or equivalent cross-sectional area), and the width-to-thickness ratio is less than 4:1. 34 Pally killed steel Steel deoxidized with a strong deoxidizing agent such as siicon or aluminium in order to reduce the oxygen content to prevent a reaction between carbon and oxygea daring solidification. 3.5 Merchant quality stee! Product having wider carbon and manganese ranges than those of specified carbon steels (Gee Table 1). It is not subject to product analysis tolerances, grain size requirements or ‘modification with special additions. 3.6 Out-oFhexagon Tho greatest difference botwoen the three dimensions measured at the same cross-section cross opposite flats of the hexagon. 3.7 Out-ofround The difference between the maximum and minimum diameters of the bar, measured at the same cross-section. 3.8 Ontofaquare The difference between the two dimensions at the same cross-section across opposite flats of the square. 3.9 Primary rolled product Steel product produced in a primary mill by the direct hot-rolling of an ingot or from a continuously cast bloom. in standard. org a ‘Standerde Austrate‘As 14422007 ‘ 3.10 Rod ‘A semicfinished or finished product of approximately circular cross-section produced ia coils. 31 Slab {A semisfinished forged, rolled or contimuouslyscast product intended for rolling or forging. The cross-section is rectangular, with tho thickness greater than 50 mm and the width-to- thickness ratio equal to or greater than 342 Test batch Finished steel of the same size, produced from the sume cast and from the same heat treatment batch. 3.13 Test sample ‘A portion of material or product, or a group of items selected from a test batch by « sampling procedure. 3.14 Test specimen A portion or a single item taken from the test sample for the purpose of applying particular test. 4. DESIGNATION 4.1 General ‘The steel designation shall comprise the number of this Australian Standard, ic. AS 1442, followed by a slesh and additional characters in accordance with Clauses 4.2 and 4.3. ‘Additional designations for surface condition and austenitic grain size are given in Clauses 4Aand 4.5. 42. For steels supplied to chemical composition only The designation of steel supplied to a specified chemical composition shall be in accordance with the following: (©) A prefix letter, if applicable, as follows: (M: Merchant quality stect U: Unspecified deoxidation XX: Major deviation in chemical composition of any grade from the corresponding AISI-SAE grade ‘NOTE: Information on AISI-SAE grades is given inthe relevant stce] products manual of the ‘American Tron and Stoel Insite. it series designation, as follows, wherein the first two inden he ope of sal ent eles o igs iene te epponimns ean of Go specified carbon range: 10XX: Plain carbon steels 11XX: Sulfurized free-cutting carbon steels 12XX: Phosphorized and sulfurized free-curting carbon steels 12XX: Carbon-manganese steels NOTE: The double "X" has no significance other than to indicate the position for digits to be ‘added. (©) Modification symbols may be added to the series designation as follows: © © Standards Austra ww standard. org. au1 as 14422007 (@ For lead-bearing steels, the letter “L’ is used to indicate that the steel contains lead and is placed between the second and third characters of the four-digit series designation. Gi) For sluminium-killed steels, the letter ‘A’ is placed between tho second and third characters of the four-digit series designation. (iil) For boron-treated steels, the letter ‘B" is placed between the second and third characters of the four-digit series designation, (iv) For micto-alloyed steels, the letter °M’ is placed between the second and third ‘characters of the four-digit series designation. Examples of designatiom: AS 1442/12L14, AS 1442/10A08, AS 1442/10B22, ‘AS 1442/10M40, AS 1442/X1038, 43 For stcels supplied to chemical composition and mechanical properties, The designation of steel supplied to chemical composition and mechanical properties shall consist of the following: (*) The prefix letter ‘U’, if applicable (see Clause 4.2(+)). (&) Anumber 1, 3,4, 5, 6, 8,9 or 10 to indicate the steel grade, Examples of designation: AS 1442/US, AS 1442/5. 44 Surface condition The surface condition resulting from the mill is normally of commercial quality. Where a special condition is required, it is indicated by either of the following suffix letters: |: Intermediate surface condition suitable for cold drawn products, heat-iresied products and forgings other than upset or drop-forged products. F: Surface condition suitable for upsetting, drop-forging and other severe forming applications. Example of designation: AS 1442/1040B. 4.5 Austenitic grain size The following designations consisting of suffix letters ‘CG’ or ‘FQ? indicate the austenitic, rain size of the stel as defined in AS 1733: 6: Coarse FG: Fine Example of designation: AS 1442/030FG. NOTE: The sbsence of these suffix letters indicates thatthe stool may be coarse-grained or ‘ingrained atthe supplier's option. 5 MATERIALS 5.1 Chemical composition S41 General Chemical composition shall be determined by any procedures which are at Jeast as accurate as those given in AS/NZS 1050.1. S12 Cast analysis le, a chemical analysis of the stecl from cach cast shall be made to Sterne he propotcas ofthe speed skmens Ta ewes where is inpacdeae [a obtain samples from figuid steel, analysis on test samples taken in accordance with the requirements of AS 1199.1 may be reported as cast analysis. wo standards. org at Standards Austale‘AS 1442—2007 . ‘The reported cast analysis of the stee] shall conform to the limits given in Tables 1 to 5 for the appropriate grade. S.3. Residual elements For stecls complying with this Standard, residual elements are acceptable to the following. limits: @) Chromium: 0.30% maximum (b) Copper: 0.35% maximum © Molybdenum: 0.10% maximum @ Nickel: 0.35% maximum ‘NOTE: The amount of residual clements may affect subsequent processes, especially those involving cold working, welding and beat treatment. SAA Produet analysis For grades of steel specified in Tables 1, 4 and 5, excluding those with unspecified deoxidation (U), with crossescctional arcas up to and including 0.06 m’, the results of individual determinations carried out on the product shall be within the product analysis tolerance limits specified in Table 6. Where several determinations of # single element, excluding lead, are carried out on products from any one east, the spread of individual results shall not extend both above and below the range specified in Tables 1, 4 and 5. SAS Tensile test requirements When tested in accordance with Clause 8, steels requiring tensile testing shall meet the relevant requirements of Table 5. 6 FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS 6.1 General The steel shall be free from internal and surface defects which render it unsuitable for its particular application. If, after acceptance of the steel and provided that it has been properly treated after delivery, subsequent processing reveals that it contains defects found 10 be detrimental, the stel shell be deemed not to comply with this Standard, 6.2 Freedom from surface imperfections The maximum permissible depth of surface imperfections from commereial, B and F surface conditions is specified in Appendix C. This Appendix also gives recommendations for machining allowances. 7 SURFACE DRESSING 7A Bara Surface defects may be removed from bers by grinding, chipping or by other means, provided that the final dimensions meet the tolerance requirements of Clause 9. 72, Blooms, billets and slabs 721. General Surface defects on blooms, billets and slabs may be removed by rough machining, chipping, srinding, scarfing or othor similar processes. The method used and the dimensions remaining after removal of the defects shall not adversely affect the end use of the product. The amouat of steel removed from blooms, billets and slabs that are to be forged shall be as specified in Clauses 7.2.2 and 7.2.3. © Standards Ausra wr standards. org.au122 Depth of gouge ‘The maximum depth of gouge shall be as follows: (@ In blooms, billets and in the edges of slabs ‘Not more than 1.5 mm for each 25 mm of dimension up to a maximum depth of 20 mm, provided that the sum of the depths on two parallel sides at opposite locations does nat exceed 1.5 times the maximum depth allowed for one side. (©) Inthe faces of slabs Not more than 2.5 mm for each 25 mm of thickness dimension up to a maximum depth of 20 mm, provided that the sum of the depths in two parallel faces does not ‘exceed 1.5 times the maximum allowed for one face. 123 Width of gouge ‘The width of any gouge present shall be at least four times the depth. 8 TENSILE TEST 8.1 Condition of test sample For rounds, squares and hexrgons wp to 40 mm diameter or minor cross-sectional dimension, and flats up to 25 mm thick, the tost sample shall be tested in the ‘as-supplied’ condition, For larger bars, billets and slabs, test specimens should be prepared from a test sample ‘which is in one of the following conditions: (@) As rolled (no additional treatment). (&) Normalized. (©) Forged and normalized, i.e. forged to 50% of the original cross-sectional area and normalized. The condition of the material supplied and that of the test sample shall be reported on the test certificate, 8.2 Location and preparation of test specimen Test specimen shall be located and prepared as follows (sce also AS 1391): (@) Bars up to 40 mm diameter or major cross-sectional dimension shall be tested axially, citer in fall section, or by using a proportional test specimen (©) Bars with nominal cross-sectional dimensions grester than 40 mm shall have the exis of the test specimen parallel to the axis of the bar and as near as practicable to a point ‘one-sixth of the distance between dingonally (or diametrically) opposite surfuces. A ‘proportional test specimen shall be used. (©) Rectangular bars of width greater than 40 mm and thickness not greater than 40 mm ‘hall be tested either in full thickness or by using a proportional test specimen with its axis as near as practicable to & position one quarter of the width and one half of the thickness from adjacent surfaces ofthe bar. (@) Rectangular products of thickness greater than 40 mm shall have the axis of the test specimen parallel to the axis of the product, and as near as practicable to a point ‘one-sixth of the distance from a surface of the bar between opposite surfaces. A Proportional test specimen shall be used. 83 Method of test The yiold strength, tonsilo strength and porcentage elongation shall be determined in accordance with AS 1391. won standands.org a ‘Standards Australa‘As 14422007 0 The rate of straining when approaching the yield point shall conform to the limits of the standard strain ate given in AS 1391, The clongation results shall be reported on a gauge length of Ly = 5.65 JS, is the oross- sectional area of the test specimen before testing. If necessary, conversion of results from non-proportional gauge length shall be in accordance with ISO 2566- 9 DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES FOR RODS AND BARS Stecl products shall be manufactured to the tolerances given in the following Tables, ax appropriate: (@) Cross-sectional dimension tolerances for round and square bers (©) Cross-sectional dimension tolerances for rods. (© Cross-sectional dimension tolerances for hexagonal bars... (® Width tolerances for square edge and round edge fat bars. (©) Thickness tolerances for square edge and round edge flat bars (® Length tolerances for bars... (© Straightness tolerances for bars. 10 ROUNDING OF TEST RESULT VALUES 10.1 General With the exception of tensile test results, the observed or calculated values shall be rounded to the same number of figures as in the specified values and then compared with the specified values. For example, for specified maximum or minimum values of 2.5, 2.50, 2.500, the observed or calculated value would be rounded, to the nearest 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 respectively, (see AS 2706). 10.2 Tensile test results The determined value of tensile strength shall be rounded to the noarest 10 MPs and the determined value of yield strength shall be rounded to the nearest 5 MPa. 11 MARKING Steel es supplied by the manufacturer shall bo logibly and durably marked or tagged (for bundles) as follows: (®) To identify the manufacturer. (©) Toensble it tobe traced tothe ladle of steel from which it was made, (©) To indicate the grade of steel (© Tocnable itto be identified with this Standard. (© To indicate nominal size and shape. ‘NOTE: Manuficturers making statement of compliance with this Australian Standard on ‘product, packaging, or promotional material related to that product are advised to ensure that such ‘compliance is capable of being verified. © Standards Austra wr. standards. or.a0