GRADE 10 MATHEMATICS
HARMONIC SEQUENCE & SERIES, AND FIBONACCI SEQUENCE
Harmonic Sequence is a sequence in which the reciprocals of the terms form an
Arithmetic sequence.
Example 1: Determine whether each set of numbers is a harmonic sequence or not.
a. 1, 1/3, 1/5, 1/7, . . . c. ½, 1/5, 1/8, 1/11, . . .
b. 1, 1/3, 1/6, 1/9, . . . d. 1/5, 1/10. 1/15, 1/20, . . .
nth Term of a Harmonic Sequence is a succeeding term of the said sequence
that can be obtained by using/applying the equation an = 1 over a1 + (n – 1) d.
Example 2: Find the required term of each given harmonic sequence.
a. 1, ¼, 1/7, 1/10, . . . (11th term)
b. 1, 1/5, 1/9, 1/13, . . . (8th term)
c. ½, 1/7, 1/12, 1/17, . . . (12th term)
d. 1/3, 1/7, 1/11, 1/15, . . . (7th term)
Harmonic Series is the sum of the terms of a harmonic sequence. The n th partial
sum of the diverging harmonic series. This is denoted by Hn = Summation of 1 over k,
where k equals 1 up to n, and this equation is called the nth harmonic number.
Example 3: Find the required sum of each given harmonic sequence.
a. 1/5, 1/12, 1/19, . . . (sum of the 1st 5 terms)
b. ½, 1/6, 1/10, . . . (sum of the 1st 6 terms)
c. 1, 1/6, 1/11, . . . (sum of the 1st 5 terms)
d. 1, ¼, 1/7, . . . (sum of the 1st 6 terms)
Harmonic Mean is the reciprocal of the Arithmetic Mean of the sequence given.
Example 4: Insert a harmonic mean between the two given terms.
a. 1/3 and 1/19
b. ½ and 1/26
c. 1 over x + 2 and 1 over x + 8
Fibonacci Sequence is a sequence whose terms starts with two 1’s and the
succeeding terms are sums of the two previous terms. This is a sequence that mirrors
a lot of patterns in the world around us. It is named after Leonardo of Pisa, an Italian
mathematician and was pothusmously given the nickname Fibonacci (meaning, the son
of Bonacci).
Some of the Real – Life Applications of Fibonacci Sequence
1. Reproduction of rabbits
2. Number of eyes in intersecting rows of the pineapple
3. Growth of many ferns
4. Number of spirals to the left and to the right of a sunflower
5. Spiral shell of many mollusks
6. Number of wings in every row of a pine cone
nth Term of a Fibonacci Sequence is a succeeding term of the said sequence that can
be obtained by the equation an = an – 1 + an – 2 for n > 2.
Example 5: Find the required term of the Fibonacci Sequence
a. 8th term c. 11th term
b. 9th term d. 12th term
PREPARED BY: MR. HILARIO C. MONGADO