Practical-5
Aim: Addition, Subtraction, Transpose, Trace and Multiplication of a square matrix N*N.
Objective: Write a program to enter two nxn (square) matrices from user and calculate its sum,
difference, transpose, trace and product.
Theory: To work on matrix, we need to declare two dimensional array.
Syntax: type array_name[row_size][column_size]
Two dimensional array take value from user using nested loop, where first loop represent rows
and second loop is for columns of matrix.
Sum: Sum of two matrix is calculated by adding each element of first matrix with
corresponding element of second matrix and sorting value in a new matrix.
Difference: Subtract each element of first matrix with corresponding element of first matrix
and sorting value in new matrix using nested loop.
Transpose: We store value of row elements of a matrix in a column of other new matrix
For e.g... If A = then AT =
Product: If we consider
AXB =
Trace: Sum of diagonal elements of a matrix is called trace.
A=
Trace = a + e + j
Code:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
int a[3][3],b[3][3],c[3][3],d[3][3],transpose[3][3],mult[3][3]={0,0},trace;
int i,j,k,l,m,n,v,f,g,h,u;
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
printf("Enter%d%d element of a:",i,j);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
printf("Enter%d%d element of b:",i,j);
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("Addition\n");
for(k=0;k<3;k++)
{
for(m=0;m<3;m++)
{
c[k][m]=a[k][m]+b[k][m];
printf("%d\t",c[k][m]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("Subtraction\n");
for(l=0;l<3;l++)
{
for(n=0;n<3;n++)
{
d[l][n]=a[l][n]-b[l][n];
printf("%d\t",d[l][n]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("Transpose\n");
for(v=0;v<3;v++)
{
for(f=0;f<3;f++)
{
transpose[v][f]=a[f][v];
printf("%d\t",transpose[v][f]);
}
printf("\n");
}
trace=a[0][0]+a[1][1]+a[2][2];
printf("Trace=%d\n",trace);
printf("Multiplication:\n");
for(u=0;u<3;u++)
{
for(g=0;g<3;g++)
{
for(h=0;h<3;h++)
{
mult[g][u]=mult[g][u]+(a[g][h]*b[h][g]);
}
printf("%d\t",mult[g][u]);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
Output: paste output here
Practical-6
Aim: Matrix Multiplication of N*M matrix
Objective: Write a program for multiplication of N*M matrix.
Theory: Same as in the practical-6
Code:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
main()
{
int a1[10][10],a2[10][10],c[10][10],i,j,k,a,b,x,p,q;
printf("Enter the size of 1st matrix\n");
scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
printf("Enter the size of 2st matrix\n");
scanf("%d %d",&p,&q);
printf("Enter element row wise\n ");
printf("Enter the element of 1st matrix\n");
for(i=0;i<a;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<b;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&a1[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter the element of 2nd matrix\n");
for(i=0;i<p;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<q;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&a2[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Entered matrix is\n\n");
for(i=0;i<a;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<b;j++)
{
printf("%d ",a1[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\n");
for(i=0;i<p;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<q;j++)
{
printf("%d ",a2[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\nProduct of two matrix is \n");
for(i=0;i<a;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<q;j++)
{
c[i][j]=0;
for(k=0;k<b;k++)
{
c[i][j]=c[i][j]+a1[i][k]*a2[k][j];
}
}
}
for(i=0;i<a;i++)
{
printf("\n");
for(j=0;j<q;j++)
{
printf("%d ",c[i][j]);
}
}
}
Output: paste output here
