Reduction of a Simple
Distributed Load
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Reduction of a Simple
Distributed Load
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Distributed Loading
In many situations, a surface area of a body
is subjected to a distributed load or pressure.
Such forces are caused by winds, fluids, or
the weight of items on the body’s surface.
We will worry about loads that are uniform along one axis, w is a function
of x and has units of force per length.
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Concept of a Distributed
Load
In many situations, a surface area of a body is
subjected to a distributed load or pressure.
Such forces are caused by winds, fluids, or
the weight of items on the body’s surface.
We analyze simple cases where a pressure is a
uniform load along one axis of a flat rectangular
body.
In such cases, the distributed load is only x and
has units of force per length.
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Magnitude of the Resultant
(Equivalent Force)
Consider an element of length dx.
Note that w(x) is the local height of the loading
curve.
Locally, the force magnitude dF acting on it is
given as
dF = w(x) dx
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Magnitude of the Resultant
(Equivalent Force)
Consider an element of length dx.
Note that w(x) is the local height of the loading
curve.
Locally, the force magnitude dF acting on it is
given as
dF = w(x) dx
So the net force on the beam is given by
FR = ∫L dF = ∫L w(x) dx = A
Here A is the area under the loading curve
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Location of the
Resultant Force
The force dF will produce a moment of x
(dF) about point O.
The total moment about point O is given as
+ MRO = ∫L x dF = ∫L x w(x) dx
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Location of the
Resultant Force
The force dF will produce a moment of x
(dF) about point O.
The total moment about point O is given as
+ MRO = ∫L x dF = ∫L x w(x) dx
Assuming that FR acts at x , it will
produce the moment about point O as
+ MRO = ( x ) (FR) = x ∫L w(x) dx
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Location of the
Resultant Force
Comparing the last two equations, we get ….
So point ‘C’ is just the …
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Important Examples
Rectangle
Magnitude: Feq = ∫Lwdx = wL
Location: x = ∫Lwxdx = wL2/2 = L/2
∫Lwdx wL
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Important Examples
Rectangle
Magnitude: Feq = ∫Lwdx = wL
?
Location: x = ∫Lwxdx = wL2/2 = L/2
∫Lwdx wL
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Important Examples
Triangle w = 100x = H/L x
Magnitude: Feq = ∫Lwdx = HL/2
Location: x = ∫LH/Lx2dx = H/L L3/3 = 2L/3
∫Lwdx HL/2
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Important Examples
Triangle w = 100x = H/L x
Magnitude: Feq = ∫Lwdx = HL/2 ?
Location: x = ∫LH/Lx2dx = H/L L3/3 = 2L/3
∫Lwdx HL/2
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Important Examples
Triangle w = 100x = H/L x
Magnitude: Feq = ∫Lwdx = HL/2 ?
Location: x = ∫LH/Lx2dx = H/L L3/3 = 2L/3 ?
∫Lwdx HL/2
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
In General
Magnitude of the resultant is the area under the
loading curve
Location is the centroid of the loading curve
Back of the book has these and other examples
tabulated - when in doubt, integrate
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Do it in your head
FR
A B A B
3m 3m d
What is the location of FR, i.e., the distance d?
A) 2 m B) 3 m C) 4 m
D) 5 m E) 6 m
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Do it in your head
100 N/m FR
12 m x
1. FR = ____________ 2. x = __________.
A) 12 N B) 100 N A) 3 m B) 4 m
C) 600 N D) 1200 N C) 6 m D) 8 m
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Do it in your head
x2 F1
F2
x1
If F1 = 3 N, x1 = 1 m, F2 = 3 N and x2 = 2 m, what is the
location of FR, i.e., the distance x.
A) 1 m B) 1.33 m C) 1.5 m
D) 3 m E) 2 m
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Example
Find the equivalent force to replace
the loading and identify its location
from the point A.
Plan:
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Example
Find the equivalent force to replace
the loading and identify its location
from the point A.
Plan:
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Example
Find the equivalent force to replace
the loading and identify its location
from the point A.
Plan:
1) The distributed loading can be divided into three parts. (one rectangular
loading and two triangular loadings).
2) Find FR and its location for each of these three distributed loads.
3) Determine the overall FR of the three point loadings and its location.
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
For the left triangular loading of height 8 kN/m and width 3 m,
FR1 = (0.5) 8 kN/m 3 m = 12 kN
x1 = (2/3)(3m) = 2 m from A
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
For the left triangular loading of height 8 kN/m and width 3 m,
FR1 = (0.5) 8 kN/m 3 m = 12 kN
x1 = (2/3)(3m) = 2 m from A
For the top right triangular loading of height 4 kN/m and width 3 m,
FR2 = (0.5) (4 kN/m) (3 m) = 6 kN
and its line of action is at x2 = (1/3)(3m) + 3 = 4 m from A
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
For the left triangular loading of height 8 kN/m and width 3 m,
FR1 = (0.5) 8 kN/m 3 m = 12 kN
x1 = (2/3)(3m) = 2 m from A
For the top right triangular loading of height 4 kN/m and width 3 m,
FR2 = (0.5) (4 kN/m) (3 m) = 6 kN
and its line of action is at x2 = (1/3)(3m) + 3 = 4 m from A
For the rectangular loading of height 4 kN/m and width 3 m,
FR3 = (4 kN/m) (3 m) = 12 kN
and its line of action is at x3 = (1/2)(3m) + 3 = 4.5 m from A
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
For the combined loading of the three forces ...
FR = 12 kN + 6 kN + 12 kN = 30 kN
+ MRA = (2) (12) + 4 (6) + (4.5) 12 = 102 kN • m
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
For the combined loading of the three forces ...
FR = 12 kN + 6 kN + 12 kN = 30 kN
+ MRA = (2) (12) + 4 (6) + (4.5) 12 = 102 kN • m
Now, (FR• x) has to equal MRA = 102 kN • m
So solve for x to find the equivalent force’s location.
Hence, x = (102 kN • m) / (30 kN) = 3.4 m from A.
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Example
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Example
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Example
To the board …
Wednesday, September 28, 2011
