10

SCIENCE
Second Quarter

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

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SCIENCE
Learning Activity Sheets
(Grade 10)
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i
 Table of Contents

Competency Page Number

compare the relative wavelengths of

.............................. 1
different forms of electromagnetic
waves

Cite examples that show practical

applications of the different regions of EM .............................. 26

waves such as the use of radio waves in
telecommunications

Explain the effects of EM radiation on .............................. 46

living things and the environment

ii
 SCIENCE GRADE 10
Name of Learner: _________________________________ Grade Level: ________
Section: _________________________________________ Date: ______________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Electromagnetic Waves

Background Information

Did you watch your favorite TV show or listen to news early this morning? Did
you send text messages or chat somebody today? Do you know that these human
activities make use of microwaves? Microwaves carry energy, and so with the other
kinds of electromagnetic waves. What are electromagnetic waves?

Electromagnetic waves are disturbances that transfer energy through a field.

They can travel through medium. Electromagnetic waves can also transmit with a
material medium and can transfer energy to the medium itself.

When they interact with matter, their energy can be converted into many different
forms of energy which make them useful for a wide variety of purposes (Acosta et.
al., 2015).

This set of activities is set to be accomplished in the first two weeks of the
second quarter.

Learning Competency

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to compare the relative
wavelengths of different forms of electromagnetic waves (Quarter 2/ Week 1-2) S10-
FE-IIa-b-47.

1 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Activity 1: My EM Heroes

In a basketball game, every player has a role to perform. The center player
may not be as quick as the point guard in handling the ball and setting the gameplay,
but surely they tap other’s shoulders in order to convey support and encouragement
to their teammates. That is, working together as one is a very important in many
aspects.

The electromagnetic wave theory was developed because of the different

efforts of several scientists. In Table 1, you can find some of the contributions of
scientists in the development of the electromagnetic wave theory.

A. EM Wave Scientists Puzzle

Direction: Find and encircle the names of the five (5) scientists who contributed
in the development of EM wave theory.

F A M A X W E L L A
A G J S I A E O I O
R O B E N H J A E G
A M P E R E E R Z L
D E F A H R S K M F
A P C N U T A F P W
Y D K U E Z I D H L
O H I D E L A M X A
Figure 1. Crossword Puzzle

B. Identifying Contributions (Adapted from Grade 10 Science Learner’s Material)

Direction: From your answer in Figure 1, write the names of the scientists in the
appropriate boxes in Table 1 based on their contributions.

Table 1. Scientists and their Contributions in the EM Wave Theory

Scientists Contributions
1. • Formulated a theory that an oscillating electric
current should be capable of radiating energy in
a form of electromagnetic waves
2. • Showed experimental evidence of
electromagnetic waves and their link to light
3. • Demonstrated the magnetic effect based on the
direction of current
4. • Formulated the principle behind electromagnetic
induction
5. • Showed how a current carrying wire behaves
like a magnet

Guide Question:
Q1. Based on Table 1, describe how the electromagnetic wave theory was
discovered? _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

2 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Activity 2: What’s Your Idea?
(Adapted from Private Education Assistance Committee (PEAC) Grade 10 Science Learning Module,
Lesson 1: Electromagnetic Spectrum, Activity 3: Let’s Do the Wave – Frayer’s Model Map)

Electromagnetic waves play a very important role in almost all human activities in
this modern world. The electromagnetic theory is applied to various fields, particularly in
communications and information technology (High School Science

Definition Characteristics

d Non - Examples
Examples

Figure 2. EM Wave Model Map

Today, 2009).
Procedure:
1. Write the word ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE in the middle of the center oval.
2. What is an electromagnetic wave? Write your answer in the definition box of the
model map.
3. What are the characteristics of electromagnetic wave? List them in the
appropriate box.
4. Write three examples of electromagnetic waves in the box labelled box.
5. Write three non-examples of electromagnetic waves in the box labelled box.

3 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Activity 3: These Are My Kind of Waves!

One of the most advances in the field of Physics in modern times has been
the discovery of electromagnetic waves. Built upon findings about electricity and
magnetism, it was found that interactions between these two are capable of
transmitting energy through empty space.

Actually, we are surrounded by electromagnetic waves, with the most

perceptible being the one which allows us to see in the first place. Science has also
been able to utilize electromagnetic waves for the needs of man. The range of its
uses is vast: from communications to medicine to astronomy to warfare.

Electromagnetic waves are emitted when electrically charged particles

change energy in some way. EM waves are a form of traveling electrical and
magnetic transverse waves. Each type of wave occupies a particular range of
wavelengths which is known as band. The waves come from different sources and
differ widely in their uses and effects (Padua & Crisostomo, 2003).

Direction: Identify the type of EM wave being described by each of the following
statements in Column A by rearranging the letters found in Column B. Write
your answers in Column C.

Table 2. Types of EM Waves

Column A Column B Column C
1. They come just after the ultraviolet rays.
They are of shorter wavelength but carries YXAR ____________
higher energy than the UV.
2. They have smaller wavelengths than radio
waves. They are used in satellite ORCIMAE ____________
communications, radar, television VW
transmission and cooking.
3. They lie at the other end of the
electromagnetic spectrum. They are
shortest in wavelength and highest in
frequency. They carry the highest amount MAGAM ____________
of energy, thus, they are more dangerous.
These are emitted by stars and some
radioactive substances.
4. When white light passes through a prism, it
is separated into its constituent colors: the
red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and VSIILEB ____________
violet. These colors do not distinctly MURTSEPC ____________
separate but they continuously change from
red to violet.
5. This lies just beyond the violet end of the
visible spectrum. It has shorter wavelength ALVIRTOL ____________
than the visible light and carry more energy. UET

6. They have the longest wavelength in the

4 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 electromagnetic spectrum. They are
produced by making electrons vibrate in an V W I A R D O A ____________
antenna. They are used to transmit sound E
and picture information over long
distances.
7. This lies beyond the red end of the visible
light. It is emitted by all objects. The DERNRAFI ____________
amount and wavelength of radiation
depend on temperature.

Guide Question:
Q2 Enumerate at least one practical application of each type of EM wave.

Electromagnetic Waves Applications

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.

Activity 4: The Characteristics of EM Waves

Maxwell’s theory of light was fully accepted after electromagnetic waves were
first created and detected experimentally by Heinrich Hertz in 1887. Hertz gave
experimental evidence that light and electromagnetic waves had the same nature
and that they travel at the same speed and exhibit the same properties such as
refraction, reflection, and interference. The difference in some properties was found
to be due to their different wavelengths (Navaza and Valdez, 2000).

According to Acosta, et. al.(2015), all electromagnetic waves can travel

through a medium but unlike other types of waves, they can also travel in vacuum.
They travel in vacuum at a speed of 3x10 8 m/s and denoted as c, the speed of light.
The wave speed, frequency, and wavelength are related by the following equation:

v=λf

where v is the velocity of the wave, or c (speed of light) expressed in meters

per second, the frequency f is expressed in Hertz (or 1/second) and the wavelength
λ is expressed in meters.

Assuming that a wave travels in a vacuum with a frequency of 3 x 10 10 Hz, the

wavelength can be calculated as:
Given:

5 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 f = 3 x 1010 Hz
m

v =
3 x
108

s
λ=?

Solution:

The equation for the wavelength λ can be derived as:

v = λf (given equation)

1 1 1
(v) () = λf () (multiplying both sides by will result to f f
f
cancellation of frequency f)

v
λ= (derived equation)
f

3 x 108 m
λ = 3 x 1010 Hzs (substitute the given
in the formula)

3 x 108 m

10 s
= 1
3 x 10 s
= 0.01 m

The wavelength is 0.01 m and this falls under the category of microwave.
The different types of electromagnetic waves are defined by the amount of
energy carried by the photons. Photons are bundles of wave energy. The energy of a
photon (E) is given by the equation:
𝐯
E = hf or E=h
𝛌

where h is the Planck’s Constant, v is speed of wave, and f is the frequency of

the EM wave. The value of the Planck’s constant is 6.63 x 10 -34 Joule second (J·s).

Assuming that a sample wave has a frequency of 3.2 x 10 14 Hz, the amount of
energy of the EM wave can be calculated as:

6 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Given:
f = 3.2 x 1014 Hz
h = 6.63 x 10-34 J·s
E=?

Solution:
E = hf
E = (6.63 x 10-34 J·s) (3.2 x 1014 Hz)

1
= (6.63 x 10-34 J·s) (3.2 x 1014 s )

= 2.12 x 10-19 J
The amount of energy of photons in this example is 2.12 x 10-19 Joules.

Considering another EM wave which has energy of 4.36 x 10 -18 Joules, what is
its wavelength as it travels in a vacuum? The problem can be solved as:

Given:
E = 4.36 x 10-18 J
v = 3 x 108 m/s
h = 6.63 x 10-34 J·s
λ=?

Solution:
Since λ needs to be solved, there is a need to derive first the equation
for wavelength.

v (given equation)
E=h
λ

E h v (the equation becomes)

=
1 1 λ

E hv (perform cross multiplication)

=
1 λ (the equation becomes)

Eλ = hv

1 1
Eλ( ) = hv( ) (since λ needs to be derived, multiply both sides
E E
1 of the equation by then
perform cancellation)

7 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 E
h (derived simplified equation)
v λ=

(6.63 x 10−34 J·s)(3 x 108 m)

s
λ= (substitute the given)
4.36 x 10−18 J

λ = 4.56 x 10-8 m

The wavelength is 4.56 x 10-8 m

A. Derive the Formula

Direction: Derive the formula of the given unknown variable. Write your answers
in the appropriate box.

Table 3. Formula Table

Unknown Variable Derived Formula
Frequency (f)

Speed of Wave (v)

Wavelength (λ)

Energy in Photon (E)

B. Characteristics of EM Waves
Direction: Solve for the wavelength, frequency, velocity, and energy then identify the
type of electromagnetic wave to complete the table.

Table 4. Characteristics of EM Waves

Wavelength (m) Frequency (Hz) Velocity (m/s) Energy (J) Type of EM
Wave (refer to
Table 5)
2.1 x 10-8 3 x 108
5.6 x 1014 3 x 108
6.1 x 1013 9.7 x 109
4.2 x 108 2 x 10-21
9 x 10-15 6.6 x 10-12

Guide Questions:

8 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

Q3. What is your basis in determining the type of electromagnetic wave in each
item?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Q4 . What is the speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Q5. If the wavelength of a photon is decreased, what would happen to its energy?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Q6. If the frequency of a wave is doubled, what will happen to its energy?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Activity 5: Colossal to Minuscule

Regardless of gender, color or creed, everyone is a human, and have

something to add. Whilst people can learn to change their views and attitudes, they
cannot change the basic physical and mental characteristics that make them unique.
Every person needs to embrace individual uniqueness, and accept that there will
always be differences between someone and others. The differences that separate
people are what keeps life exciting, and what ensures that a society functions
properly (Core, A., 2015).

The universe is made of many different things with different characteristics but
everything else always has something in common. Arranged according to frequency
and wavelength, the electromagnetic spectrum is a continuity of electromagnetic
waves. The gradual progression trend from the waves of lowest frequencies to the
waves of highest frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum includes: radio waves,
microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, and gamma rays.

The succeeding section will give you more details of the different
characteristics of EM waves in terms of their wavelengths, frequencies and energies.

Direction: Answer the guide questions by making inferences from Figure 3 and
Table 5.

9 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Figure 3. The Electromagnetic Spectrum
(Source: https://www.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-10/electromagnetic-
radiation/11electromagnetic-radiation-03)

10 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

Table 5. The Wavelengths, Frequencies, and Energies of the Different EM Waves
Source: Science Learner’s Material (Acosta, et. al., 2015)
EM Wave Wavelength (m) Frequency (Hz) Energy (J)
-1 9
Radio > 1 x 10 < 3 x 10 < 2 x 10-24
Microwave 1 x 10-3 to 1 x 10-1 3 x 109 to 3 x 1011 2 x 10 -24 to 2 x 10 -22
Infrared 7 x 10 -7 to 1 x 10 -3 3 x 1011 to 4 x 1014 2 x 10 -22 to 3 x 10 -19
Visible 4 x 10 -7 to 7 x 10 -7 4 x 1014 to 7.5 x 1014 3 x 10 -19 to 5 x 10 -19
UV 1 x 10 -8 to 4 x 10 -7 7.5 x 1014 to 3 x 1016 5 x 10 -19 to 2 x 10 -17
X-ray 1 x 10 -11 to 1 x 10 -8 3 x 1016 to 3 x 1019 2 x 10 -17 to 2 x 10 -14
Gamma-ray < 1 x 10 -11 > 3 x 1019 > 2 x 10 -14

Guide Questions:
Q7. Which EM wave has the lowest wavelength? Which has the highest wavelength?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Q8. Which EM wave has the lowest frequency? Which has the highest frequency?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Q9. Describe the trend in the energy as the frequency increases.

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Q10. Using illustration or diagram, describe how does change in the wavelength
affect the frequency of EM waves.

11 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Activity 6: Integumentary Sensations
(Adapted from PEAC Grade 10 Science Learning Module, Lesson 1: Electromagnetic Spectrum,
Activity 1: Integumentary Sensations)

Michael keeps his body healthy by exercising regularly. One morning, he went
biking as a form of bonding with his younger brother and sister. After they came
home, he noticed in front of the mirror that the color of their facial skin became
reddish and darker. His mother told them that it was sunburn which was caused by
their exposure to sunlight. Their mother recommended them to put on sunscreen
cream the next time they go biking.

The skin as the largest organ of the body protects the internal organs from the
environmental elements. It is a host to a lot of sensory receptors which help the body
react to different stimuli.

Direction: The following are illustrations of exposures of the skin to some stimuli.
Write on Table 6 the skin sensation/s you can associate with every
situation. Try to figure out also if the exposure to the different samples can
cause harm to living things and environment. The first item is provided as
an example.

Table 6. EM Waves Presence

Exposure Sensation/s

Warm – not harmful

Figure 4. Lamp Shade Exposure

_________________________
Figure 5. X-ray Exposure

12 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 _________________________
Figure 6. Bonfire Exposure

_________________________

Figure 7. Sun Exposure

Figure 8. Computer Monitor Exposure _________________________

Guide Questions:
Q11. Are there similarities/differences with the sensations felt in the different
situations? How may your answer help describe the characteristics of the
stimulus?________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Q12. Are there stimuli in the given situations that can be considered harmful? If there
is any, give some ways how can they be harmful? ________________________
________________________________________________________________

Q13. Can we guarantee our safety with the constant exposures to these
phenomena/situations? Justify your answer.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

13 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Activity 7: The Visible Spectrum
(Adapted from High School Science Today IV, Unit 6, Chapter 16: Electromagnetic Theory,
Activity 16.2: The Visible Spectrum)

An old well-known verse “Diak pati, diak kita” has brought many discussions
among Ilocanos especially in terms of trust and faith to something or someone.
Seeing the magnificent colors of the rainbow gives a feeling of hope, willingness to
protect and preserve, and infinite gratitude to the Creator who allows us to see the
beauty of all creations.

Visible light waves are electromagnetic waves that can be detected by the
human eye. Visible waves have different colors – red, orange, yellow, green, blue,
indigo, and violet – depending on their wavelengths.

In this activity, the different liquids will show the learners different regions of the
visible light spectrum.

Materials: Flashlight, three clear glasses of water, three medicine droppers, milk
(liquid), vinegar, oil, spoon, activity log/journal
Note: the following steps should be done inside a dark room.

Figure 10. Glass of Water and Flashlight

Procedure:
1. Set up the glass of water and flashlight as shown above.
2. Turn on the flashlight. Observe and then record what you see.
3. Use the medicine dropper to put a drop of milk into the water.
4. Stir the water with a spoon.
5. Direct the light at the water.
6. Observe and record what you see. What happened to the other colors?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
7. Repeat steps 1-6, this time using vinegar and then oil.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Guide Questions:
Q14. What colors did you see?
_______________________________________________________________
Q15. Why did you see those colors?
_______________________________________________________________

14 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 _______________________________________________________________
Activity 8: Electromagnetic Diary
(Adapted from https://www.iop.org/education/ltp/events/file_65938.pdf, Grade 10 –
Electromagnetic Diary

The study about electromagnetic waves has propelled technology to even

greater heights. At home, the use of gadgets and appliances has influenced our way
of living.

In this activity, you are going to discover more about how these devices apply
the electromagnetic wave principles in different activities and as well as to appreciate
the value of doing worthwhile activities at home.

Direction: Record your interactions with electromagnetic waves for one (1) whole
day. Remember cell phones, sunlight, heat (ovens), microwaves, radio,
remote controls, wireless modems, etc. Write your answers in Table 7.
Examples were given below. The scoring rubric will be used in assessing
your output.

Table 7. Electromagnetic Diary

Type of
Produced How Was the EM Waves
Time Activity Electromagnetic
by Used?
Wave
5:00 AM Switched Visible light Light bulbs The visible light produced by
on the the bulb allowed my mother
lights at to see better what she was
home cooking for breakfast
6:00 AM Received Microwave Network Our teacher sent us
the Service instructions for our
messages Provider requirements through his
in my Tower phone which was connected
phone to the network. The towers
through transmitted the message
wireless through microwaves to our
network phones.

15 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Identified Variety of Worthwhile Scientific
Rubric Important Activities Activities Principles
Information Performed and Related
Content
Accurately All the All activities Provided
identified the activities were appropriate
types of EM given were worthwhile or scientific
Expert waves absolutely very much explanation
(4) present in all different related to and correct
of the from each exemplary usage of
activities other productive terminologies
given activities
Effectively Most of the Almost all Explained how
identified the activities activities the EM waves
types of EM were not performed were used in
Practitioner waves for similar from were the activities
(3) about 75 others that purposeful
percent of the were given
activities
given
Identified the Some Some Able to
types of EM activities activities explain but
waves for enumerated given were not
Apprentice about 50 were just productive completely or
(2) percent of the duplications while some exactly how
activities of the others were not the EM waves
given given useful were used

Identified Most were Most of the Unable to

only about 25 just given explain how
percent and repetitions or activities the EM waves
Novice below the EM very much were not were used in
(1) waves in similar with worthwhile the activities
the activities the other and were
given activities performed
just for the
sake of
compliance

Assessment: Let’s Test Your knowledge

Direction: Answer the following items by selecting the letter that corresponds to your
answer. Use the space provided.

______1. Which electromagnetic wave carries more energy than the others?

16 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 A. Microwaves
B. Radiowaves
C. UV radiation
D. Visible light
______2. What is the wavelength of the wave with a frequency of 3 x 10 9 Hz?
A. 1 x 10-1 m
B. 1 x 101 m
C. 1 x 10-2 m
D. 1 x 102 m
______3. What is the range of frequencies are our eyes sensitive to?
A. 3 x 109 to 3 x 1011 Hz
B. 3 x 1011 to 4 x 1014 Hz
C. 4 x 1014 to 7.5 x 1014 Hz
D. 7.5 x 1014 to 3 x 1016 Hz
______4. Which two waves lie at the ends of the visible spectrum?
A. Infrared and Ultraviolet rays
B. Radio waves and Microwaves
C. Radio waves and X-rays
D. X rays and Gamma rays
______5. A certain radio station broadcasts at a frequency of 675 kHz. What is the
wavelength of the radio waves?
A. 280 m
B. 324 m
C. 400 m D. 444 m
______6. Which property spells the difference between infra-red and ultraviolet
radiation?
A. Color
B. Speed in vacuum
C. Wavelength
D. None of the above
______7. What is the frequency of the radiowave with wavelength of 15 m?
A. 2 x 105 Hz
B. 2 x 106 Hz
C. 2 x 107 Hz
D. 2 x 108 Hz
______8.The energy of a photon is directly proportional to its wave frequency. What
will happen to the energy if the frequency is doubled?
A. Halved
B. Doubled
C. Tripled
D. Remained the same

______9. If a photon has a frequency of 100 Hz, how many joules of energy does it
carry?
A. 6.63 x 10-32 joules
B. 6.63 x 10-33 joules
C. 6.63 x 10-34 joules D. 6.63 x 10-35 joules

17 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

______10. What type of electromagnetic wave has the lowest wavelength but has the
highest energy?
A. radiowave
B. ultraviolet
C. x-ray
D. gamma ray
______11. What can electromagnetic waves travel through that mechanical waves
cannot travel through?
A. Air
B. Wood
C. Water
D. Vacuum
______12, Electromagnetic waves are classified using what measurement?
A. Amplitude
B. Frequency
C. Power
D. Energy
______13. What type of electromagnetic waves cause sunburns?
A. Microwaves
B. Infrared rays
C. Visible light
D. Ultraviolet
______14. What type of electromagnetic waves are used to cook food, predict the
weather, and for communications?
A. Radio waves
B. Microwaves
C. Infrared rays
D. Visible light
______15. What type of waves are used on a TV remote control?
A. Gamma rays
B. Microwaves
C. Infrared rays
D. Visible light
______16. Which electromagnetic waves have the longest wavelengths?
A. Radio waves
B. Ultraviolet
C. X-rays
D. Gamma rays
______17. Which electromagnetic waves enable humans to see?
A. Infrared
B. Microwaves
C. Ultraviolet
D. Visible light

______18. What type of electromagnetic waves have the shortest wavelengths?

A. Radio waves
B. X-Rays

18 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 C. Infrared rays
D. Gamma rays
______19. What type of electromagnetic waves are used to take pictures of bones in
medicine? A. Microwaves
B. X-Rays
C. Infrared rays
D. Radiowaves
______20. What type of electromagnetic waves have the most energy?
A. Radio waves
B. Ultraviolet
C. Microwave
D. Gamma rays

Reflection: Let’s Do the Reflection Thing

Direction: Give necessary reflection about your journey with this lesson. Write your
answers in the appropriate boxes.

Things you found out

Interesting things

Question you still have

References

Texbook References:

Acosta, Herma D., Liza A. Alvarez, Dave G. Angeles, Ruby D. Arre,

19 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Ma. Pilar P. Carmona, Aurelia S. Garcia, Arlen Gatpo, Judith F.
Marcaida, Ma. Regaele A. Olarte, Marivic S. Rosales, Nilo G.
Salazar. Science 10 Learner’s Material. Pasig City, Philippines:
Rex Bookstore, Incorporated, 2015.

High School Science Today IV: Diwa Learning Systems Inc.

Padua, Alicia L., Ricardo M. Crisostomo. Practical and Explorational

Physics Modular Approach. Quezon City, Philippnes: Vibal
Publishing House, Incorporated, 2003.

Private Education Assistance Committee (PEAC) Grade 10 Learning

Module in Science

Internet Sources:

Technological Solutions, Incorporated. “Physics: Electromagnetic

Waves Test Quiz.” ducksters.com.
https://www.ducksters.com/science/quiz/types_of_electromagne
tic_waves_questions.php (Accessed July 1, 2020)

Institute of Physics. “Grade 10 - Electromagnetic Diary” iop.org.

https://www.iop.org/education/ltp/events/file_65938.pdf, Grade
10 – Electromagnetic Diary (Accessed June 20, 2020)

Siyavula. “Electromagnetic Spectrum” siyavula.com.

https://www.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-
10/electromagnetic-radiation/11-electromagnetic-radiation-03
(Accessed July 2, 2020)

20 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 SCIENCE GRADE 10
Name of Learner: __________________________________ Grade Level: 10____
Section: __________________________________________ Score: ___________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Practical Applications of the Different Electromagnetic Waves

Background Information for Learners
This module is beneficial to learners focused on the practical applications of electromagnetic
waves concepts, theories and principles link to its technology, the processes and changes
occurring in our environment and needed knowledge and information about science – related
problem in our society today.
Humans are still blind to much of what surrounds them despite the accurate view of the
world that their eyes have given them. There exists a universe of colors belonging to a thin
band of visible spectrum that the human eye can detect. In your earlier science classes, you
have learned that this optical spectrum is actually a color continuum from red to violet that
each corresponds to different energies of light.

Meanwhile, we encounter the invisible spectrum when we listen to the radio, eat
microwaved food, or have our broken bones X-rayed. However, perhaps, during these times,
we do not realize that the radio, X-ray, and microwave are also energies of light.

It contains guidelines and procedures on how to perform the given tasks for the
expected output of learners which is easily understood, attainable and measurable.

Learning Competency with Code

Cite examples that show practical applications of the different regions of EM waves such as
the use of radio waves in telecommunications (S10FE-IIc-d-48)

Key Concepts:
Electromagnetic Waves – waves that get propagated due to the simultaneous variations of the
electric and magnetic field intensity
Radio Waves – the lowest range of the EM spectrum.
Micro Waves – fall in the range of the EM spectrum between radio and infrared
Infrared – is invisible to the human eyes, but we can feel it as heat if the
intensity is sufficient

21 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

Visible Light – wavelengths that are visible to most human eyes
Ultraviolet Rays – a component of sunlight, it is visible to the human eye.

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S HUNT!

As you recall your past lesson on the Electromagnetic Spectrum, this activity will let you
recall the different terminologies that you will encounter in this lesson.

Direction: There are twelve (12) terms that you are going to hunt, encircle each term when
you find them. The words to be hunted are found below.

FREQUENCY WAVELENGTH ENERGY

22 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

Based from the pictures presented above, what do you expect to learn from this module.

ACTIVITY 2: WHAT AM I?
Direction: Complete the paragraph below about radio waves and its applications by decoding
the pictures presented.

23 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 1) 9)

2) 10)

3) 11)

4) 12)

5) 13)

6) 14)

7) 15)

8)

ACTIVITY 3: NAME THAT WAVE!

Direction: Below are the different applications of radio waves. Using small letters, fill in the
boxes to identify the word/s being described.
1. These are electronic device used to send and receive text messages, emails, photos
and video as well as access the Internet, play games, listen to music, use GPS (Global
Positioning Systems) and
more.
m
p

2. It is a telecommunication device that transmits visual images and sounds. Primarily is

it used to broadcast programs for enter entertainment, information, and education.
24 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times
 e e n
3. It uses radio waves to transmit and receive information from one device to another,
either from mobile phones or computers. A computer’s wireless modem translates radio
signals into data to receive the information and transmits it using an antenna or cable. Wifi is
transmitted at a frequency of 5 GHz.

f
4. These are man-made machines launched into space and moves around Earth for the
purpose of scientific research, weather reports, or military investigations.

t l t
5. This device is the least expensive of all means of communication. It is a much more
portable medium than television that allows the listener to carry on listening while on the
move.

d i
Additional Concept
RADIO WAVES FREQUENCIES

ACTIVITY 4: COMPLETE ME
Direction: Complete the paragraph by using the words inside the box.

energy radar heating foods higher cell phone

Electromagnetic wave Motor vehicles low
weather formation long

A microwave is an with a relatively wavelength

and frequency. Microwaves are often classified as radio waves, but they have frequencies
than other radio waves. With higher frequencies, they also have more

25 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 . That’s why microwaves are useful for in
microwave ovens. Microwaves have other important uses as well, including
transmissions and to determine the range, altitude, direction, or a speed of both
moving and fixed objects such as aircraft, ships, spacecraft, missiles, , and
.

Additional Concepts
APPLICATIONS
1. Satellite Communications

https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/orbit-1_0.jpg

Microwaves can penetrate the atmosphere of the earth. This is the reason why they are
used for satellite communications. Communication satellites travel around the earth at an
altitude of 35, 000 km above the equator. They move at a speed of 11 300 km/h and revolve
around the earth every 24 hours, the same rate as the rotation of the earth. This makes them
appear to be stationary when seen on Earth. Antennae are mounted to point in field directions
towards these satellites. Microwaves signals are transmitted by an antenna to a satellite which
amplifies and re-transmits the signal to an antenna in other parts of the world. This is how we
communicate with the rest of the world

2. Radar

https://phys.org/news/2013-03-nasa-kaboom-experimental-asteroid-radar.html

26 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Microwaves have short wavelengths and are reflected by small objects. This property
is used in radars. Radar is the acronym of radio detection and ranging. A radar system
consists of an antenna, transmitter, and a receiver. The antenna whirls around continuously to
scan the surrounding area. The transmitter sends out a narrow beam of microwaves in short
pulses. A distant object reflects some of the signal back to the receiver. The direction to
which the signal was received gives the direction of the object. The distance of the object can
be calculated from the time lag between the transmitted pulse and the reflected pulse.

3. Terrestrial Communication

Microwaves are used to transmit television news coverage from mobile broadcast vehicles
back to the station. The news crew can also set up a small antenna to send signals to a
communication satellite. This is how news are broadcasted and watched live around the
world.

27 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 https://wikieducator.org/images/7/7f/Cell_Phone_technology.pdf
A cell phone is a radio transmitter and receiver that uses microwaves. Cellular phones depend
on overlapping network of cells or areas of land several kilometers in diameter. Each cell has
its tower that receives and sends microwave signals. The figure above will give you further
understanding on the process.
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
Question 1: Cell towers reach high above the ground. Why do you think such tall towers are
used?

Question 2. In police radar, a radar gun

sends out short bursts of microwaves. The
microwaves reflect back from oncoming
vehicles and are detected by a receiver in the
radar gun. The frequency of the reflected
waves is used to compute the speed of the
vehicles. How are reflected microwaves used
to determine the speed of oncoming cars as seen in the picture on the right?

___________________________________
https://www.ck12.org/physics/microwaves/lesson/Microwaves-MS-PS/

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

28 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 ACTIVITY 5: FIX ME
Direction: Below are ANAGRAMS of the applications of Infrared. Rearrange each
ANAGRAMS in COLUMN A and write your answers in COLUMN B. Then match
descriptions of these words in COLUMN D. Write the corresponding letter of your choice in
COLUMN C.
COLUMN A COLUMN B COLUMN C COLUMN D
A. It is used in TV’s, video,
EMOTER
recorders, and other
TROLONC
electronic appliances.
HREWEAT B. Its original purpose was to
SLATLITEE locate enemy targets at
night.
C. It is used to determine
TRAHEPHRMOGY water temperature, map
cloud patterns, and make
weather predictions
D. It is a test that uses an
BRIEF PITOC infrared camera to detect
BLEAC heat patterns and blood
flow in body tissues.
E. It is a network cable that
contains strands of glass
fibers inside an insulated
NTHIG SIVION casing designed for
longdistance, high-
performance data
networking, and
telecommunications.

ACTIVITY 6: CAN YOU SEE?

Adopted from http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_games/spectra/makeGrating.htm
MAKE YOU OWN SPECTROMETER

Materials:
1 CD 1 Cereal/Milk box (any size) 1 pair of scissors aluminum foil
1 roll tape protractor

Procedure:

29 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 1) On top of the box, measure 1.5 inches and make a mark

2) Using the 90-degree edge of the triangle. Draw a guideline across the width of the box

3) Cut along the guideline, then unfold the flaps you just made. Cut off the flaps

4) Place the short edge of the triangle along the top edge of the box and draw a 3-inch
line towards the center of the box. Using those lines as guides. Cut 3 inches slits on
both sides of the box.

5) Flip the box over and do the same thing on the other side.

30 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 6) Slide the cd into the slits.

7) Now you're going to cut a rectangle out on the opposite long side of the box as shown.
The rectangle should be the width of the box and one inch high. The top of the
rectangle should be about half an inch from the top of the box. To cut it, first poke a
hole towards the top of the box with a pen. Then, cut a rectangle using the hole as a
starting point.

8) Take enough aluminum foil to cover the hole and fold it in half. place the creased side
towards the middle of the hole and tape it in place.

9) Take a second piece of foil and cover the bottom half of the hole. You want to leave a
gap between the two pieces of foil. This gap should be between .4 and 1mm. Too
wide and the spectra gets blurry. Too narrow then not enough light gets in. Tape the
top of the box closed.

10) Point the slit at a bright light bulb, and look into the square hole. You should see
something like this.

31 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

Guide Questions:
1. Describe what happens when you placed the spectrometer near the source of light.
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
_
2. Illustrate by drawing the colors that are seen on the space provided.

3. What have you learned from the activity?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

ACTIVITY 7: SCREEN THE UV OUT!

32 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Adopted from the DedEd Learner’s Material (Science 10

Materials:
Ziploc snack bag (to be produced by the teacher) sunscreen/sunblock
permanent marker Newspaper black construction paper

Procedure:
1) Cut a piece of newspaper to fit snugly inside a Ziploc snack bag.
2) Outside the Ziploc bag, draw two lines with a marker dividing the bag into three equal
parts from top of the bag to the bottom.

3) Apply a thin coat of sunscreen in the leftmost part.

4) Cover the middle part with black construction paper.
5) The right part should be left fully exposed.
6) Place the snack bags in a place fully exposed to sunlight.
7) Recover the snack bags in the afternoon Guide Questions:
1) How does the newspaper vary in the three divisions of the newspaper?

2) What does this indicate?

3) How does this realization impact to your personal life?

Extension Activity: For a more noticeable result, continue exposing the material for several
days. Record your results.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Additional Concept
Some Uses of UV Radiation
The sun is our main source of ultraviolet radiation
but there are also artificial sources of UV light. Ultraviolet
33 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times
radiation in UV lamps are used by banks to check the signature on a passbook. The signature
is marked on the passbook with florescent ink. It becomes visible when viewed under an
ultraviolet lamp. These lamps are also used to identify fake banknotes.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3_f4zD0Gr2Q
Ultraviolet radiation is also used in sterilizing water from drinking fountains. Some
washing powder also contains florescent chemicals which glow in sunlight. This makes your
shirt look whiter than white in daylight.
Ultraviolet radiation in sunlight produces
vitamin D in the skin and gives us tanning effect. But
since UV rays have high energy, it could be harmful to
some extent. It could burn the skin and hurt our eyes.
Overexposure to UV radiation may cause skin cancer.
Suntan or sunscreen lotions serve as filters to protect
the body from ultraviolet radiation.
https://www.bicycling.com/news/a20033512/tanlines-road-cycling-s-secret-handshake/

ACTIVITY 8: Case Study

Direction: Use the Medical History of Mrs. R. Jones to answer the task given.
Mrs. Jones was admitted to hospital with shortness of breath. After carrying out various tests,
Dr Adams suspected she may have lung cancer so an x-ray was carried out. The picture
below shows Mrs. Jones’ x-ray, identifying her lung tumor.

To find out more accurately the location of the tumor, Dr. Adams carried out a CT scan.

34 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

It was decided that Mrs. Jones would be a suitable candidate for radiation therapy. This
process uses gamma rays to destroy cancer cells.

YOUR TASK
Imagine you are a radiographer. One of your elderly patients, Mrs. Jones, has to have a lot of
treatment recently and is worried that the amount of radiation could be dangerous.
How will you answer these questions?
1. How do x-rays work?

2. Why are x-rays more suitable for this process than other types of radiation

3. Decide whether your patient is in danger of radiation poisoning from their treatment
and why/why not?

35 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 ACTIVITY 9: 4 PICS 1 WORD
GUESS THE WORD
Direction: Based from the given pictures below, identify the application of gamma rays being
described.

1.
1.

2.

3
3
.

36 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

Rubric for Scoring
10points – If all the answers are correct and complete
9points – If all the answers are correct but only half of the activities were
finished
8points – If all the answers are correct but only ¼ of the activities were
finished
7points – If half of the answers are not correct and only ½ of activities were
finished
6points – If all the activities are not correct (Read more)

REFERENCES

BOOKS
• DepEd Learner’s Material (Science 10)
• Science Links (Worktext for Scientific and Technological Literacy)

WEB SITES
(a) Files
• https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/gadgets/high-tech-gadgets/nightvision5.htm
• https://www.healthline.com/health/breast-cancer/thermography
• National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Science Mission Directorate. (2010).
Infrared Waves. Retrieved [insert date - e.g. August 10, 2016], from NASA Science
website: http://science.nasa.gov/ems/07_infraredwaves
• https://www.lifewire.com/fiber-optic-cable-817874
• https://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/technology/cellphones.html
• https://computer.howstuffworks.com/wireless-network1.htm
• https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/5-8/features/nasa-knows/what-is-
asatellite-58.html
• https://www.iop.org/education/ltp/events/file_65938.pdf
(b) Pictures

• https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/s/scan.htm
• https://medium.com/@thechayi/5-amazing-health-benefits-of-lemongrass-green-
teac93401ad2dcd
• https://www.agoda.com/fio-s-house-by-the-sea/hotel/hua-hin-cha-amth.html?
cid=1844104
• https://www.printmarket.eu/scan-service-fr.html
• https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/s/scan.htm
• https://medium.com/@thechayi/5-amazing-health-benefits-of-lemongrass-green-
teac93401ad2dcd

37 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 • https://www.agoda.com/fio-s-house-by-the-sea/hotel/hua-hin-cha-amth.html?
cid=1844104
• https://www.printmarket.eu/scan-service-fr.html
• https://www.thesenior.com.au/story/6714886/radiotherapy-more-likely-to-
curewomen-than-men-but-brutal-side-effects/
• https://www.news-medical.net/news/20200110/Flash-Radiotherapy-could-Deliver-
allthe-Radiation-Needed-in-One-Rapid-Treatment.aspx
• https://www.news-medical.net/health/Occupational-Therapy-Your-Life-
byDesign.aspx
• https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Radio.svg

SCIENCE GRADE 10
Name: _________________________________ Score: _________

Section: _______________________________ Date: __________

38 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
The Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation
!
Background Information:

Radiation can affect living and mechanical things on Earth as

well as in space. Since the early part of this century we have been
aware that all radiation, including electromagnetic fields, consists of
particles. The more energy the particles of radiation transmit to living
cells, the more they can affect them. We classify radiation according to
amount of their energy and this can be the same as listing them
according to their effects.

This module will lead you to understand how electromagnetic

(EM) radiations affect living things and the environment based on
energy levels.

Learning Competency:

Explain the effects of EM radiation on living things and the environment.

S10FE-IIe-f-49 (2nd Q/ Week 5)

Objectives:

The content of this module shall support the learners by:

1. Developing an understanding of the concepts and vocabulary related to the Effects of

Electromagnetic (EM) Radiations.

2. Discovering ways to transfer and generalize the content on the topic The Effects of
EM Radiation on Living Things and the Environment.

!
THE EFFECTS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

39 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Radiation has been a part of our lives. It is all around us and has been present since the
birth of this planet. There are two main types of radiation — non-ionizing and ionizing. We
are routinely exposed to naturally occurring (background) radiation that comes from outer
space, the sun, the ground, and even from within our own bodies, as well as man-made
sources of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation.
Radio Visible Gamma
wave Microwave Infrared light UV X-ray ray

non-ionizing ionizing
Figure 1: The Electromagnetic Spectrum

Non-Ionizing and Ionizing Radiation

Non-ionizing radiation includes both low frequency radiation and moderately high
frequency radiation. Non-ionizing radiation has enough energy to move around the atoms in a
molecule or cause them to vibrate, but not enough to remove electrons.

Ionizing radiation includes higher frequency ultraviolet radiation, x-rays and gamma
rays. Ionizing radiation has enough energy to break chemical bonds in molecules or remove
tightly bound electrons from atoms, creating charged molecules or atoms (ions). Ionizing
radiation can pose a health risk by damaging tissue and DNA in genes. Radiation can also
skill cells. When radioactive atoms decay, they give off energy in the form of ionizing
radiation. The major types of ionizing radiation emitted during radioactive decay are alpha
particles, beta particles and gamma rays. Other types, such as x-rays, can occur naturally or
be machineproduced.

• Alpha radiation consists of two protons and two neutrons; since they have no electrons,
they carry a positive charge. Due to their size and charge, alpha particles are barely able to
penetrate skin and can be stopped completely by a sheet of paper.
• Beta radiation consists of fast-moving electrons ejected from the nucleus of an atom. Beta
radiation has a negative charge and is about 1/7000th the size of an alpha particle, so it is
more penetrating. However, it can still be stopped by a small amount of shielding, such as a
sheet of plastic.
• Gamma radiation is a very penetrating type of radiation. It is usually emitted immediately
after the ejection of an alpha or beta particle from the nucleus of an atom. Because it has no
mass or charge, it can pass through the human body, but it is absorbed by denser materials,
such as concrete or lead.

Sources of Radiation Exposure includes:

• Natural (background) radiation including naturally occurring radiations
from outer space, the sun, the ground, and even from within our own
bodies.
• Man-made ionizing and non-ionizing sources such as smoke detectors,
microwaves, cell phones and electrical power lines.

Radiation Exposure Pathways includes:

40 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

• Direct or external exposure (radioactive substances coming into contact with the skin).
• Inhalation (breathing radioactive gases, smoke, dust or particles into the lungs).
• Ingestion (eating or drinking substances that contain radioactive elements).

Contamination occurs when a person makes direct contact with, ingests or inhales
radioactive materials. Contamination may occur when radioactive materials are released into
the environment as the result of an accident, an event in nature or an act of terrorism. After
direct contact, people and personal property must be decontaminated.

Children are more sensitive to ionizing Annual Radiation

radiation
Figure 2
than adults because children are still in Exposure
Other
the process of growing. There are more cells dividing Medical 3%
and a greater opportunity for radiation to disrupt the Terrestr
15%
growth process. Recent Environmental Protection ial
Agencies (EPAs) on radiation protection standards take 8%

into account the differences in sensitivity due to age Internal Radon

11% 55%
and gender.
Space
8%
The Electromagnetic Radiations

Radio wave is made by various types of

transmitter. They cannot pass through electrical conductors, such as water or metals. Large
doses of radio waves are believed to cause cancer, leukemia and other disorders.
Microwaves are made by various types of transmitter as well as stars. Microwaves can
penetrate clouds of smoke but are scattered by water droplets. It is also capable of penetrating
human tissue at high energy. It can cause water and fat molecules to vibrate, which makes the
substances hot - favorable for cooking. Prolonged exposure to microwaves can damage the
eyes and can affect parts of your brain and causes heating.
Infrared rays are given off by hot objects such as stars, lamps, flames and anything
else that is warm - including the body. It is limited on opaque cornea and about 3cm into the
brain. It is absorbed by black bodies. Too much Infrared radiation can cause heating.
Visible light or light waves are given off by anything that's hot enough to glow. The
Sun gives off a great deal of light. Light can also be made using a laser and lamps. Its
penetrating ability is limited on opaque materials and the surface of the skin. Too much light
can damage the retina in your eye.
Ultra-violet light is made by special lamps, -sun beds. UV rays are limited to the
surface skin. Used in getting a sun tan, detecting bank notes and hardening agent. UV rays
cause the body to produce vitamin D, treat vitamin D deficiency and some skin disorders.
Large doses of UV can damage the retinas in your eyes, sunburn and even skin cancer. It also
contributes to the aging of the skin.
X-rays are given off by stars, and strongly by some types of nebula. They will pass
through most substances but not so easily with bones. X-Rays can cause cell damage and
cancers at dangerous doses.
Gamma rays can pass through most materials, and are quite difficult to stop. Lead or
concrete are needed in to block them out. Gamma rays are used in radiotherapy to kill living
cells even cancer cells. Gamma rays kill microbes, and are used to sterilize food so that it will
be kept fresh longer. This is known as irradiated food. Gamma rays, in excess, cause cell
damage and a variety of cancers. They cause mutations in growing tissues, so unborn babies
are especially vulnerable.
41 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times
How Do We Know If Ionizing Radiation Causes Cancer?

Much of our knowledge about the risks is based on studies of more than 100,000
survivors of the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, at the end of World War II.
Scientists learned many things from these studies, including:
• The higher the radiation dose, the greater the chance of developing cancer.
• The chance of developing cancer (not the seriousness or severity of the cancer) increases as
the radiation dose increases.
• Cancers caused by radiation do not appear until years after the radiation exposure.
• Some people are more likely to develop cancer from radiation exposure than others.

Radiation and the Environment

Sunlight enters the Earth's atmosphere, passing through the greenhouse gases -
natural water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. As it reaches the
Earth's surface, land, water, and biosphere absorb the sunlight's energy. Once absorbed, this
energy is sent back into the atmosphere and into space, but much of it remains trapped in the
atmosphere by the greenhouse gases. It is a completely natural process and is very important,
because it sets the Earth’s condition warm enough for humans, animals and plants to live. But
if the greenhouse effect becomes stronger, it could make the Earth warmer than usual.

Some human activities produce greenhouse gases and these gases keep increasing in
the atmosphere. The change in the balance of the greenhouse gases has significant effects on
the entire planet. Pollutions such as burning and waste disposal and the cutting down of trees
increase carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere. A group of greenhouse
gases called the chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs) have been used in aerosols,
such as hairspray cans, fridges and in
making foam plastics. Since there are
more and more greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere, more heat is trapped,
which makes the Earth warmer. This is
known as global warming. A lot of
scientists agree that man's activities are Radiation/infra CFCs Figure 3
making the natural greenhouse effect
stronger.

42 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 SCIENCE GRADE 10
Name: _________________________________ Score: _________

Section: _______________________________ Date: __________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Radiation, Are You Good or Bad? !
Task #1

Direction: Complete the table below by matching the types of radiation with its
effect on living tissue and its use. (3pts. each) Rubric Assisted.
Across the Type of Application Effects on Living Things
Spectrum Radiation

Gamma

They are used for medical

X-ray imaging of bones, and for
detecting weapons, etc. in
airline luggage for security.

Activates the production of

Ultraviolet Vitamin D and helps to treat
Rays (UV) skin conditions at right
amounts. Prolonged and
unprotected exposure to it can
cause sunburn and skin
cancers.

Visible
Light

Infrared

Some of its frequencies can

Microwave cause food to get hot. They can
be used for cooking. Other
frequencies are used in
communications, RADAR and
GPS.

43 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Abnormally large doses of
Radio wave these lowest energy waves of
time are believed to cause
cancer, leukemia and other
disorders.
increasing energy (E)

more ionizing

RUBRIC
Point 3 2 1
Content of answer Displayed an extensive Displayed basic knowledge Answer does not show
knowledge of the question of the question knowledge of the question

Task #2

Direction: Answer the following questions briefly but concisely. (3pts. each)
Rubric Assisted.

1. What word describes radiation with enough energy to change an atom?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. Which forms of EM radiation have enough energy to change an atom?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

44 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

3. How is the energy and ionizing capability of electromagnetic radiations related?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

4. How would you compare the effects of the following electromagnetic radiations based on
their ionization level?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

5. Will long-term exposure to high energy EM radiation be good for living things and
machines?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

RUBRIC
Point 3 2 1
Content of answer Displayed an extensive Displayed basic knowledge Answer does not show
knowledge of the question of the question knowledge of the question

SCIENCE GRADE 10

Name: _________________________________ Score: _________

Section: _______________________________ Date: __________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Mr. Julius Caser’s Health Condition !
Mr. Julius Caser was rushed to the hospital having felt an
incessant severe chest pain.

After administering several tests, Dr. Shiela Gaddi, the

attending physician, suspected Mr. Caser may be suffering from
lung cancer as he was identified to have been a constant smoker
since his teenage years, so an x-ray was carried out to verify the
doctor’s prognosis.
45 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times
 The picture on the right shows Mr. Caser’s x-ray, identifying an
abnormal tumor spreading in his right lung.

To find out more accurately the location of the tumor, Dr. Gaddi
carried out a CT scan.

Upon verifying and diagnosing Mr. Caser with a stage 2 lung cancer at the age of 32,
it was decided that he would be a candidate for radiation therapy. This procedure uses strong
EM radiations which destroy the cancer cells.

Task
Imagine that you are a Radiation Oncologist and one of your patients, Mr. Caser, has
to have a lot of treatment and is worried that the amount of radiations could be dangerous.

Direction: Write a letter of advice to your patient explaining the following. (5pts. each)
Rubric Assisted.
1. How x-rays work;
2. Why x-rays are more suitable for this process than other types of radiation;
3. How cancer is treated using radiation; and
4. Decide whether your patient is in danger of radiation poisoning from their treatment and
why/why not.

RUBRIC
Point 5 4 3 2 1
Content of answer Thoroughly Appropriately Reasonably Minimally Answer does not
explained the topic explained the topic developed an idea show any
explained the topic but too simple and but was not focused knowledge of the
basic on the topic topic

Dear Mr. Julius Caser,

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

46 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________ ________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________ _________
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
Res pectfully yours,
Dr. _______________________________

SCIENCE GRADE 10
Name: _________________________________ Score: _________

Section: _______________________________ Date: __________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET It’s Getting Hotter!

!
Task #1

Direction: Identify and label the following points in the diagram

describing the interaction of cosmic radiations and the Earth that leads to the
greenhouse effect.

47 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 2

The Greenhouse Effect

6
3
8
7

10

9 5

Sun/source Earth- emitted Space

of radiations radiations

Internally Trapped Reflected Reflected Earth’s

reflected radiation by solar radiations by
surface
radiations radiations
the ozone layer
atmospherefrom the
Earth’s
surface

48 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 Task #2

Direction: Fill in the missing word/s in the blanks below to complete the statements
describing the role of radiation in the Greenhouse Effect.

4
Increased amounts of __________________, produced through
___________________, act to strengthen the natural greenhouse gas effect.

5 The enhanced greenhouse effect leads to increased average global surface

temperatures affecting weather patterns called __________________.

49 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 SCIENCE GRADE 10
Name: _________________________________ Score: _________

Section: _______________________________ Date: __________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET Assessment

#1 !
Is that true?

Direction: Read the statements given below. If the statement is

true, write “TRUE” on space provided before each item. If it is false, rewrite the
statement to make it true.

_____________________1. The whole spectrum of EM Radiation is all around us.

_____________________2. Gamma radiation can be used to kill cells.
_____________________3. The symbol in the top left corner is the symbol for radiation.
_____________________4. Infrared radiation can affect your health negatively.
_____________________5. X-rays can kill you.
_____________________6. Visible light radiation can be used to cook food.
_____________________7. Radiowaves are the most dangerous wave in the electromagnetic
spectrum.
_____________________8. One can develop cancer when exposed to low energy radiation.
_____________________9. Suntans are the result of skin damage from the sun.
_____________________10. Radioactive waste remains radioactive forever.
_____________________11. Living near a nuclear power plant poses less risk than living in
area with high radon levels.
_____________________12. One should keep track of the number of medical x-rays and
scans received.
_____________________13. Exposing food to radiation makes it radioactive.
_____________________14. Most radiation that we are exposed to is man-made.
_____________________15. Children are more sensitive to radiation than adults.

Will you join in the flow?

50 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

Direction: Present the issue on Climate Change by arranging the statements found below

Abnormal Severe weather Excessive

Greenhouse Effect conditions greenhouse gases
using the following
flow Climate Pollutions by Global chart.
Change human activities Warming

SCIENCE GRADE 10
Name: _________________________________ Score: _________

Section: _______________________________ Date: __________

51 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
Assessment #2 !
The Puzzleof EM Radiations

Direction:Identify the words being described below and complete the crossword puzzle.
1
2 3 4

6
7 8

10 11
12

13

14

52 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

 television transmission Down
Across 1. Energy emitted from a source in the form
2. Something that emits energy of rays
3. Form of transferred energy and is felt as
5. Change in global weather patterns 8.
temperature
Made by various types of transmitters 4. The warming of the Earth’s surface
as well as stars 6. Creates charged molecules
7. Can move atoms but not enough to
9. Direct contact with radioactive
remove electrons
materials 10. Given off by hot objects and warm bodies
12. A malignant tumor 13.
Used in communications and
14. Ability to pass through other solid 11. Used to scan and see through the body
objects and soft tissue

53 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times

54 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times
55 Practice Proper Hygiene Protocols at all times