9/16/21, 11:51 PM SAS #15 NUR 151
SAS #15 NUR 151
LESSON TITLE: PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN AGING AFFECTING THE HEMATOPOIETIC
AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
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1. The nurse would instruct the client to eat which of the following foods to 1 point
obtain the best supply of vitamin B12?
A. Whole grains
B. Green leafy vegetables
C. Meats and dairy products
D. Broccoli and Brussels sprouts
Clear selection
Rationale: *
Both milk and meat products are a source of high quality protein as determined from their
protein content and essential amino acid profile. Milk is a source of calcium, phosphorus,
zinc, magnesium and vitamin B2 and B12. Meat is a source of iron, zinc and vitamin B12.
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9/16/21, 11:51 PM SAS #15 NUR 151
2. A vegetarian client was referred to a dietitian for nutritional counseling 1 point
for anemia. Which client outcome indicates that the client does not
understand nutritional counseling? The client:
A. Adds dried fruit to cereal and baked goods
B. Cooks tomato-based foods in iron pots
C. Drinks coffee or tea with meals
D. Adds vitamin C to all meals
Clear selection
Rationale: *
Coffee and tea increase gastrointestinal motility and inhibit the absorption of nonheme iron
3. Mr. Santos, 79-years-old, was admitted with iron deficiency anemia. 1 point
Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask in determining the
extent of the client’s activity intolerance?
A. “What activities were you able to do 6 months ago compared to the present?”
B. “How long have you had this problem?”
C. “Have you been able to keep up with all your usual activities?”
D. “Are you more tired now than you used to be?”
Clear selection
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9/16/21, 11:51 PM SAS #15 NUR 151
Rationale: *
It is difficult to determine activity intolerance without objectively comparing activities from
one time frame to another. Because iron deficiency anemia can occur gradually and
individual endurance varies, the nurse can best assess the client’s activity tolerance by
asking the client to compare activities 6 months ago and at the present.
4. The nurse is assessing a client’s activity intolerance by having the client 1 point
walk on a treadmill for 5 minutes. Which of the following indicates an
abnormal response?
A. Pulse rate increased by 20 bpm immediately after the activity
B. Respiratory rate decreased by 5 breaths/minute
C. Diastolic blood pressure increased by 7 mm Hg
D. Pulse rate within 6 bpm of resting phase after 3 minutes of rest.
Clear selection
Rationale: *
The decrease in respiratory rate indicates that the client is not strong enough to complete
the mechanical cycle of respiration needed for gas exchange.
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9/16/21, 11:51 PM SAS #15 NUR 151
5. A client with microcytic anemia is having trouble selecting food items 1 point
from the hospital menu. Which food is best for the nurse to suggest for
satisfying the client’s nutritional needs and personal preferences?
A. Egg yolks
B. Brown rice
C. Vegetables
D. Tea
Clear selection
Rationale: *
Brown rice is a source of iron from plant sources (nonheme iron). Other sources of non
heme iron are whole-grain cereals and breads, dark green vegetables, legumes, nuts, dried
fruits (apricots, raisins, dates), oatmeal, and sweet potatoes
6. Which of the following blood components is decreased in anemia? 1 point
A. Erythrocytes
B. Granulocytes
C. Leukocytes
D. Platelets
Clear selection
Rationale: *
Anemia is defined as a decreased number of erythrocytes (red blood cells).
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9/16/21, 11:51 PM SAS #15 NUR 151
7. Laboratory studies are performed for an elderly suspected of having iron 1 point
deficiency anemia. The nurse reviews the laboratory results, knowing that
which of the following results would indicate this type of anemia?
A. An elevated hemoglobin level
B. A decreased reticulocyte count
C. An elevated RBC count
D. Red blood cells that are microcytic and hypochromic
Clear selection
Rationale: *
The results of a CBC in children with iron deficiency anemia will show decreased
hemoglobin levels and microcytic and hypochromic red blood cells. The red blood cell count
is decreased. The reticulocyte count is usually normal or slightly elevated.
8. Changes in the immune system that accompany aging include: 1 point
A. T cells becoming less responsive to antigens.
B. more cytotoxic T cells responding to infections.
C. increased numbers of T helper cells.
D. higher levels of antibodies after initial exposure to antigens.
Clear selection
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9/16/21, 11:51 PM SAS #15 NUR 151
Rationale: *
The effects of aging on the immune system are manifest at multiple levels that include
reduced production of B and T cells in bone marrow and thymus and diminished function of
mature lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid tissues. As a result, elderly individuals do not
respond to immune challenge as robustly as the young
9. With advancing age, the immune system 1 point
A. becomes more effective at combating disease.
B. remains the same and is not affected by the aging process.
C. becomes less effective at combating disease.
D. becomes more responsive to antigens.
Clear selection
Rationale: *
becomes less effective at combating disease.
10. The increased incidence of cancer in the elderly reflects the fact that 1 point
A. immune surveillance increases.
B. their diets do not meet nutritional standards.
C. everyone is prone to disease.
D. immune surveillance declines with age.
Clear selection
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Rationale: *
The increased incidence of cancer in the elderly reflects the fact that surveillance by the
lymphatic system decline
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