Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC A89303: Features and Benefits Description
Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC A89303: Features and Benefits Description
PACKAGES:
0.22 µF/X7R
CP1
CP2
OCP Enable
Logic Supply Charge Pump VCP
Vds Monitor
VCP 0.22 µF/X7R
VBB
VBB Vin
CLK
I2C serial port 22 µF
&
DATA EEPROM
System OUTC
GATE
Variables DRIVE OUTB
OUTA
Duty In PWM/SCL
RSENSE
6
LSS
FG/SDA LSS
Control Ocl VRI
Logic Comp
FF1
Position
FF2 CTAP
Detect
OUTB
OUTC
OUTA
GND
SPECIFICATIONS
SELECTION GUIDE
Operating Temperature
Part Number Packaging Packing
Range (TA) (°C)
A89303KLPTR-T –40 to 125 20-lead TSSOP with exposed thermal pad 4000 pieces per 13-inch reel
A89303KETSR-J –40 to 125 32-contact QFN with exposed thermal pad and wettable flank 6000 pieces per 13-inch reel
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions* Value Unit
20-lead TSSOP (package LP), on 2-sided PCB 1-in.2 copper 35 °C/W
Package Thermal Resistance RθJA
32-contact QFN (package ET), on 2-sided PCB 1-in.2 copper 40 °C/W
*Additional thermal information available on the Allegro website.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features and Benefits............................................................ 1 TSD/Fault Flag with PWM High Timing................................. 9
Description........................................................................... 1 Power On / Power Off Timing............................................ 10
Packages............................................................................. 1 Startup Sequence............................................................ 12
Typical Application................................................................. 1 PWM Control................................................................... 12
Specifications....................................................................... 2 EEPROM Map.................................................................... 13
Selection Guide................................................................. 2 Serial Port.......................................................................... 14
Absolute Maximum Ratings................................................. 2 I2C Timing Diagrams........................................................ 14
Recommended Operational Range...................................... 2 Write Command............................................................... 15
Thermal Characteristics...................................................... 2 Read Command.............................................................. 15
Pinout Diagram and Terminal List Table................................... 3 Programming EEPROM.................................................... 16
Electrical Characteristics........................................................ 4 Application Information........................................................ 18
Functional Description........................................................... 6 Pin Diagrams...................................................................... 19
Basic Operation................................................................. 6 Package Outline Drawings................................................... 20
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Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
PWM/SCL 4 17 n/c
CP1 2 22 Charge pump capacitor
n/c 5 16 LSS n/c 3 23
PAD
n/c 6 15 OUTB PWM/SCL 4 24 Logic input – PWM duty or I2C clock
FF2 7 14 LSS
n/c 5 25, 26, 27
FF1 8 13 VBB
FG/SDA 9 12 OUTA
n/c 6 28, 29, 30
GND 10 11 CTAP FF2 7 31 Logic output signal
FF1 8 32 Logic output signal
n/c – 1
LP Package Pinout
FG/SDA 9 2 I/O – Speed output signal or I2C data
n/c – 3
GND 10 4 Ground
n/c – 5
CTAP 11 6 Motor common
FF1
FF2
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
n/c 1 24 PWM/SCL
n/c – 8
FG/SDA 2 23 n/c
VBB 13 9 Input supply
n/c 3 22 CP1
GND 4 21 CP2
n/c – 10
n/c 5 20 VCP LSS 14 11 Low-side source connection
CTAP 6 19 n/c n/c – 12
OUTC
OUTA 7 18
OUTB 15 13 Motor terminal
n/a 8 17 n/c
LSS 16 14 Low-side source connection
10
12
13
14
15
16
11
9
n/c 17 15
VBB
n/c
LSS
n/c
OUTB
LSS
n/c
VBB
3
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS: Valid for TJ = –40°C to 125°C and VBB = 5.5 to 40 V, unless noted otherwise
Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
GENERAL
Driving 5.5 – VBBOV V
Load Supply Operating Range VBB
Operating 5.5 – 40 V
VBB Supply Current IBB Active mode (PWM duty < DC_ON) – 8.5 12 mA
Relative to VBB, VBB = 8 V 6.5 7 7.7 V
Charge Pump VCP
Relative to VBB, VBB = 5.5 V 4 5 – V
POWER DRIVER
IOUT = 1.5 A, TJ = 25°C, VBB = 12 V – 300 – mΩ
Total Driver On-Resistance IOUT = 1.5 A, TJ = 125°C, VBB = 12 V – 450 520 mΩ
RDS(ON)
(Sink + Source) Source Driver, TJ = 25°C, VBB = 12 V – 150 – mΩ
Sink Driver, TJ = 25°C, VBB = 12 V – 150 – mΩ
Motor PWM Frequency fPWM 23.3 24.5 25.7 kHz
MOTOR CONTROL LOGIC
PWM Input Frequency Range fPWMIN 2.1 – 45 kHz
Duty Cycle On Threshold DCON 9.5 10 10.5 %
Duty Cycle Off Threshold DCOFF 7 7.4 8 %
External PWM Delay ON tPWM_ON 494 520 546 μs
External PWM Delay OFF tPWM_OFF 494 520 546 μs
PROTECTION CIRCUITS
VBB Undervoltage Threshold VBBUVLO VBB rising 4.7 4.85 5 V
VBB Undervoltage Hysteresis VBBHYS 400 500 600 mV
VBB Overvoltage VBBOV VBB rising 29 – 31.5 V
VBB Overvoltage Hysteresis VBBOVHYS 1.5 2 2.5 V
VCP UVLO VCPUVLO VCP rising 3.6 3.85 4.1 V
VCP UVLO Hysteresis VCPUVHYS 200 – 400 mV
Charge Pump Power Up Time [2] tVCPUV – 80 400 μs
POR Delay Time [2] tPOR_DELAY – 80 90 μs
Overcurrent Threshold VOCL VRI = 160 mV –5 0 5 %
Overcurrent Protection IOCP 5 – – A
Thermal Shutdown Temperature TJTSD Temperature increasing 165 175 185 °C
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis ΔTJ Recovery = TJTSD – ΔTJ – 20 – °C
[1] Specified limits are tested at a single temperature and assured over temperature range by design and characterization.
[2] Ensured by design and characterization, not production tested
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955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued): Valid for TJ = –40°C to 125°C and VBB = 5.5 to 40 V, unless noted otherwise
Characteristics Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit
LOGIC/INPUT OUTPUT/I2C
Input Current (PWM, FG) IIN VIN = 0 to 5.5 V –5 <1 5 µA
Logic Input Low Level VIL 0 – 0.8 V
Logic Input High Level VIH 2 – 5.5 V
Logic Input Hysteresis VHYS 200 300 600 mV
Output Saturation Voltage VSAT I = 5 mA – – 0.3 V
Logic Output Leakage (FG, FF1, FF2) IFG V = 5.5 V, switch OFF – – 5 µA
I2C TIMING
SCL Clock Frequency fCLK 8 − 400 kHz
Bus Free-Time Between Stop/Start tBUF 1.3 – – μs
Hold Time Start Condition tHD:STA 0.6 – – μs
Setup Time for Start Condition tSU:STA 0.6 – – μs
SCL Low Time tLOW 1.3 – – μs
SCL High Time tHIGH 0.6 – – μs
Data Setup Time tSU:DAT 100 – – ns
Data Hold Time tHD:DAT 0 – 900 ns
Setup Time for Stop Condition tSU:STO 0.6 – – µs
[1] Specified limits are tested at a single temperature and assured over temperature range by design and characterization.
5
Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Basic Operation number. This 9-bit “demand” is translated to a PWM duty cycle
applied to the motor windings, effectively a percentage of the
The A89303 targets automotive pump BLDC applications to meet power supply voltage.
the objectives of fast startup, high efficiency, and robust protec-
tion features. Protection features include lock detection with restart, overcur-
rent limit, overvoltage protection, motor output short-circuit
The speed of the fan is typically controlled by variable duty cycle protection (OCP), thermal shutdown, and undervoltage monitors
PWM input. The duty cycle is measured and converted to a 9-bit (VBB, VCP).
State/
3 4 5 0 1 2
FG
OUTA
Trap Drive
Dir=1=ABC OUTB
OUTC
Motor
Terminal
PWM (OUTA)
Current iA
Waveforms iB
iC
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
FG. Open-drain output. Represents electrical frequency of the OVP. The outputs can be disabled if power supply voltage
motor. Additionally, the FG pin serves as the data line (SDA) for exceeds threshold VBBOV.
I2C communication.
Motor Lead Fault (OCP). Overcurrent Protection, VDS moni-
PWM. Speed demand input. The demand can be in the form of tor. To protect from short to ground, shorted load, or short to
duty cycle, or direct I2C command. The PWM pin also is the I2C battery conditions for the motor lines, the voltage across the
clock input (SCL). The allowable frequency range for duty input power outputs are always monitored when the MOSFET is turned
is 2.1 to 45 kHz. There is a 520 µs delay after PWM changes for ON. There will be a short blank time before the motor outputs are
logic to detect a valid ON or OFF command. disabled if the overcurrent protection limit IOCP is exceeded. The
fault is latched off and can only be reset by power cycle or PWM
LOCK DETECT. During motor operation, the core logic will
on/off cycle.
check to see if motor is synchronized based on comparison of
expected back-EMF zero crossing to the actual back-EMF zero Note: During the shorted event, the absolute maximum ratings
crossing. If it is determined the rotor has lost synchronization, may be exceeded for the blank time.
the A89303 will disable the outputs before attempting a motor
OCL. Overcurrent Limit. The voltage on LSS pin is monitored
restart.
to limit current in the motor outputs. The overcurrent threshold
CTAP. Connection for the motor common. This pin must be left voltage VRI can be programmed via EEPROM.
open if not connected.
IOCL = VRI / RSENSE
CHARGE PUMP (VCP, CP1, CP2). A charge pump is used
to generate a gate supply 7 V greater than VBB in order to drive
where VRI = (Code + 1) × 10 mV ; Code = [15..31]
the source side DMOS gates. Two 0.22 µF ceramic capacitors
are required for this function, connected as shown in applica-
tion diagram. The charge pump is disabled when the PWM input
is less than duty cycle thresholds. The charge pump circuit also
integrates an undervoltage monitor to protect against turning on
DMOS outputs when VCP is too low.
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
Fault Flags. Two open drain fault pins indicate status as follows.
[1] TSD with PWM = high results in rotor lock fault. Rotor lock fault has priority. To check TSD when motor running, drive PWM low to observe FF
change from 10 to 01.
[2] If PWM is below DCON/DCOFF threshold, VCP UVLO fault will be masked.
Output disable based on VBB UVLO can be masked by EEPROM bit UVMASK. In this case, the outputs will be protected by the charge pump
[1]
UVLO function.
8
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955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
1
5 6 7
2 3 4
TJTSD
ΔTJ
External
PWM
Internal Motor On
tPWM _OFF
On/Off command
Off
Lock Timer
FF1
( External Pullup )
FF2
(External Pullup )
Description of events:
1. TSD threshold exceeded, short pulse on FF1, FF = 01
2. TSD triggers lock detect timer, FF = 10.
3. At end of lock timer. Since TSD condition still exists, Lock timer triggered again, FF = 10.
4. At end of lock timer, TSD is OK, normal motor operation can resume, FF = 00.
5. TSD threshold exceeded, short pulse on FF1, FF = 01, shortly followed by FF = 10.
6. Upon detection of FF = 10, controller wants to determine fault caused by motor lead fault or
TSD. Method is to drive PWM low
7. Short delay (tPWM_OFF) – before internal on/off signal changes state. This signal resets lock
timer (will not reset OCP fault). FF changes to 01.
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
VCP uvlo 5
3
8
VBB uvlo
1
Internal Logic
Supply uvlo
6 7
Internal Logic
POR
tPOR_DELAY
External
PWM
Internal Motor On
tPWM _ON tPWM _OFF
On/Off command
Off
FF1
( External Pullup ) tVCPUV
FF2
(External Pullup )
Figure 4: Power On / Power Off Timing, PWM high on power up, low on power down
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
5
VCP UVLO
6
VBB UVLO
1
Internal Logic
Supply UVLO
2 4
3
Internal Logic
POR
tPOR_DELAY
External
PWM
Internal Motor On
tPWM _ON
On/Off command
Off
FF1
(External Pullup )
FF2
(External Pullup )
Figure 5: Power On / Power Off Timing, PWM low on power up, high on power down, VBB dv/dt < 80 µs
Conditions: PWM low on power up, high on power down, VBB dv/dt <80 µs.
Description of events:
1. POR delay signal (tPOR_DELAY) triggered by UV signal on internal 3p3 power supply.
Fault signals driven low during this delay.
2. At end of delay, logic is valid. Fault flag = 00, due to VBB above undervoltage level.
3. PWM ON starts tPWM_ON timer.
4. PWM recognized High to Turn On motor and Charge pump. Fault flag checks VCP UV
and pulse high for charge pump power up time. The time for VCP to rise over its UVLO
level is tVCPUV.
5. FF = 00 after VCPUVLO is exceeded.
6. Power down UV fault, FF = 11, when VBB falls below (VBBUVLO – VBBHYS)
7. Internal logic reset when below internal V3p3 UVLO. This occurs when VBB is approxi-
mately 3.6 V.
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
Startup Sequence
3 Startup time
VCP
PWM
PWM Control
Motor will be disabled if PWM duty below DCON threshold of 10%. There is 2.6% hysteresis to DCOFF threshold of 7.4%.
100
PWM Duty Out
7.4%
0%
Disabled
7.4 10 100
PWM Duty In (%)
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
EEPROM MAP
Table 1: EEPROM Map. Refer to application note and user interface for additional detail.
I2C Register EE Address Bits Name Description Default Setting
64 0 15:0 Dev1 Allegro Reserved n/a
65 1 15:0 Dev1 Allegro Reserved n/a
66 2 15:0 Dev1 Allegro Reserved n/a
67 3 15:0 Dev1 Allegro Reserved n/a
68 4 15:0 Dev1 Allegro Reserved n/a
69 5 15:0 Dev1 Allegro Reserved n/a
70 6 15:0 Dev1 Allegro Reserved n/a
71 7 15:0 Trim1 Allegro Reserved n/a
72 8 15:0 Trim2 Allegro Reserved n/a
0 UVMASK 0 = Normal 1 = Mask
1 OVPDIS 1 = Normal 1 = Disable
2 RETRY 0 = Disable 1 = Enable
73 9 0x005C
3 OVERLAP 0 = Disable 1 = Enable
4 Dev2 Allegro Reserved – Set to 1
6:5 Dev2 Allegro Reserved – Set to 0
0 DIR 0 = ACB, 1 = ABC
1 FGSTRT 0 = Disable 1 = Enable
4:2 BEMFILT Select Bemf Filter
6:5 BEMFHYS Select Bemf Hysteresis
74 10 7 WIND 0 = Disable 1 = Enable 0x480C
8 IPDENB 0 = Disable 1 = Enable
9 IPDDECAY 0 = SLOW 1 = FAST
10 Dev2 Allegro Reserved – Set to 0
13:11 STEPS Select trap states before BEMF detection
75 11 5:0 ALIGN Align Time 0x0001
76 12 5:0 LOCK Lock Time 0x002A
1:0 TOFF Fixed Off time Current Limit
7:2 OSC Startup Osc
77 13 0cFC4B
9:8 Unused n/a
15:10 COMST Com State Stall Limit
4:0 IPDINI IPD Start Level
78 14 7:5 IPDSTEP Select IPD steps 0x148D
12:8 OCL Select Current Limit
79 15 15:0 Trim2 Allegro Reserved n/a
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
Serial Port
The A89303 uses standard fast mode I2C serial port format to program the EEPROM or to control the IC speed serially. The PWM pin
functions as the clock (SCL) input, and the FG pin is the data line (SDA). No special sequence is needed to begin transferring data. If
the motor is running, the FG may then pull the data line low while trying to initialize into serial port mode. Once an I2C command is
sent, the PWM input is ignored, and the motor will turn off as if a PWM duty command of 0% was sent.
The A89303 7-bit slave address is 0x55.
SDA
SDA
SCL
Start Stop SCL
Condition Condition
Figure 8: Start and Stop Conditions Figure 9: Clock and Data Bit Synchronization
SDA
SCL
tLOW tHIGH
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
Write Command
1. Start Condition
2. 7-bit I2C Slave Address (Device ID) 1010101, R/W Bit = 0
3. Internal Register Address
4. 2 data bytes, MSB first
5. Stop Condition
SCL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
SDA 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 AK A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 AK
SCL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
SCL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
Programming EEPROM
The A89303 contains 63 words of 16-bit length. The EEPROM is
controlled with the following I2C registers. Refer to application
note for EEPROM definition.
Table 3: EEPROM Address – Register 162 (Used to set the EEPROM address to be altered)
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eeADDRESS
Table 4: EEPROM DataIn – Register 163 (Used to set the EEPROM new data to be programmed)
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
eeDATAin
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Allegro MicroSystems
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
Example #2: Read EEPROM address 5 to confirm correct data properly programmed
1) Read the word
a. 9[I2C Read] ; read register 9; this will be the contents of EEPROM
17
Allegro MicroSystems
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
APPLICATION INFORMATION
FF1
FF2
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
n/c
RPWM
RFG
FG n/c
CCP
n/c CP1
GND CP2
CVCP
n/c VCP
n/c
CTAP
OUTA OUTC
Exposed Pad
n/c n/c
OUTB
VBB
VBB
LSS
LSS
n/c
n/c
n/c
CVBB1
D1
+12Vin
CVBB2 TVS
RSENSE
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
PIN DIAGRAMS
VBB
FG
FF1
OUTA/B/C
FF2 10 V
LSS
LSS
7.5 kΩ
PWM
VBB
10 V 6.5 V
43 V VBB
8V
VBB
VCP
CTAP
CP2
VBB
CP1
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Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
6.50 ±0.10
4.20
8º
0º
20
0.20
0.09
C
3.00 4.40 ±0.10 6.40 ±0.20
1.00 REF
0.60 ±0.15
1 2
0.25 BSC
20X C
1.20 MAX SEATING PLANE
0.10 C SEATING
PLANE GAUGE PLANE
0.30
0.65 BSC 0.15
0.19
0.00
0.45 0.65
NNNNNNN
20 YYWW
LLLLLLL
1.70
1
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Allegro MicroSystems
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A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
0.40 ±0.05
0.10 REF 0.203 REF
3.60 ±0.10
0.05 REF
B Detail A
2
1
A Terminal #1 mark area
32 0.25 REF B Exposed thermal pad (reference only, terminal #1 identifier appearance at supplier
3.60 ±0.10 discretion)
C Reference land pattern layout (reference IPC7351 QFN50P500X500X100-33V6M);
all pads a minimum of 0.20 mm from all adjacent pads; adjust as necessary to meet
application process requirements and PCB layout tolerances; when mounting on a
multilayer PCB, thermal vias at the exposed thermal pad land can improve thermal
dissipation (reference EIA/JEDEC Standard JESD51-5)
D Coplanarity includes exposed thermal pad and terminals
Figure 16: Package ET, 32-Contact QFN with Exposed Pad and Wettable Flank
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Allegro MicroSystems
955 Perimeter Road
Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
www.allegromicro.com
A89303 Three-Phase Sensorless Pump Driver IC
Revision History
Number Date Description
– August 27, 2020 Initial release
Updated product title, typical application (page 1), Logic Input Voltage Range, Logic Output (page 2);
added EEPROM Cycles (page 2); corrected CP1 and CP2 pin order in LP pinout diagram (page 3);
1 March 10, 2021
updated Duty Cycle Off Threshold (page 4), Setup Time for Stop Condition (page 5), DataOUT
EEPROM section (page 17), and other minor editorial updates.
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955 Perimeter Road
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