Department of Education
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION
HOME ECONOMICS- CAREGIVING 7/8
Module 5 Week 7 & 8
Most Essential Learning Competency:
Perform aftercare activities for tools, equipment,
and paraphernalia.
TLE_HE_UTC G7/8 Oa-b-1
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LESSON 1: EVALUATE AND CONTROL HAZARDS AND RISKS
EXPECTATIONS
You will learn how to evaluate and control hazards and risks in the
workplace. Specifically, this module will help you to:
• discuss the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) procedures in
dealing with and for controlling hazards and risks in the workplace.
• follow the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) procedures in
dealing with and for controlling hazards and risks in the workplace.
• Explain the organizational protocol in providing assistance in
workplace emergencies.
• theappreciate
Let us start the importance
journey in learning of Occupational
more on Occupational Health
Health and Safety. andyou
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are ready and
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excited to answer the Pretest.in theand
Smile workplace.
cheer up!
PRETEST
Directions: Identify what is being described in the statement. Write only the
letter of the best answer in each number.
_____1. It is a planned system of working to prevent illness and injury at work.
A. Ergonomic C. Occupational Health and Safety
B. Hazard D. Risk
_____2. It is the best thing to do with hazardous substances.
A. Burn B. Disposed C. Stored D. Throw
_____3. It is the best method to control hazards and risks.
A. Administrative control C. Substitution
B. Elimination D. Using PPE
_______4. This method provides a barrier between the hazard and the workers
to lessen the exposure to it.
A. Administrative control C. Elimination
B. Engineering control D. Substitution
_____5. These hazards include earthquake, typhoon, volcanic eruption, and
others.
a. Natural b. Ergonomic c. Man-made d. Biological
_____6. This method includes changing the way people work, like job rotation.
A. Administrative control C. Elimination
B. Engineering control D. Substitution
_____7. The negative consequence which is caused by the exposure to hazard.
A. Calamity B. Fire C. Hazard D. Risk
______8. It is an unexpected situation that may harm the workers and even
employers.
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A. Man-made Emergency C. Physical Emergency
B. Natural Emergency D. Workplace emergency
______9. It includes protective gown, gloves, and mask.
A. Administrative control C. Substitution
B. Elimination D. PPE
_____10. A method of protecting the workers through different policies and
standards that should be followed and be executed by the employers.
A. Method B. Occupational Health and Safety C. Protocols d.
Training
LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON
Visual Thinking Approach: Types of Hazards
Directions: Identify the type of hazards shown in the pictures. Choose your
answer from the box provided below. Write your answers in the space provided.
Biological Chemical Ergonomic,
Physical Psychological
1 2 3 5
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BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Hazards exist in all workplaces. As a caregiver, your health and safety
together with your coworkers is the main concern of your employer. The main
purpose of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) standard is to protect
individual workers such as caregivers from injury, sickness, and death by
providing safe and healthy working conditions.
This lesson familiarizes you with the OHS standard that you will surely
help you when you work as caregiver in the future. It is important to recognize
hazards and how can they be controlled so that workers will not be exposed to
risks.
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Evaluating Hazards and Risks in the Workplace
Occupational Safety and Health Standard is done to ensure the workers’
physical health and safety. Occupational Health and Safety is a way of
protecting the people by providing different policies and standards on health and
safety of the employees. Employers must ensure that the workers work in
accordance with the safety practices set by the company to prevent illnesses and
workplace injuries.
Hazard is something that may harm the people, places, or things when
they are exposed to situations like uneven floor surfaces, working areas dealing
with chemicals with no proper ventilation, damaged electrical wirings, fully
loaded sockets. Risk is when something happens to the people, places or
things caused by the exposure to a hazard.
The way to evaluate hazards in the workplace is through risk
assessment. Risk assessment is an observation and checking of the
workplace to identify the situation, people, work, environment, work
procedures that may cause harm to the people. It includes observation of
people, equipment, chemicals, safe or unsafe work practices and workplace.
Risk assessment creates awareness of hazards and risks. It prevents injuries
and sicknesses among workers. Risk assessment includes the following ways;
1. Hazard Identification
Are hazards present in your workplace?
What are these hazards?
2. Analysis and evaluation of the risk
How will these hazards affect you and your coworkers?
How many workers will be affected by the identified hazards?
3. Providing ways to eliminate or control hazards.
What are the ways to remove the hazards in your workplace?
What are the needed practical measures to work safely?
After identifying the hazard/s and determining the level of risk/s, it is now
time to record the risk assessment made. After evaluating, provide measures
to eliminate or control the possible harm that the hazards may cause in the
workplace.
Activity 1
Spot the hazards and risks at your workplace!
Pretend that you are a caregiver working at home of a sick elderly person.
You will prepare food, take vital signs when needed, give medicine, and
help her do her tasks. You may ask the help of your guardian or older
relative friend to answer the following questions.
1.What are the possible hazards present at your workplace?
2. How will these hazards affect you and the elderly person?
3. What are the ways to eliminate these hazards?
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LESSON 2: 1
Follow Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Procedures in Dealing with
and for Controlling Hazards and Risks
Methods of Control ling Hazards
Elimination -is the best way to control hazards. It means totally removing the
hazards in the place. For example, remove hazards on the floor by wiping wet
floors.
Substitution- includes lessening the risks by means of substituting something
that is safer to use. Examples are substituting water - based paint instead of
using solvent–based paints, substituting less stronger chemicals with hazardous
chemicals.
Engineering Control - is a measure that includes physical aspect of the
workplace, it may also be a device or a procedure or changing work process.
Examples are good ventilation system and providing a barrier between the
hazard and the workers to lessen the exposure to it.
Administrative Controls - refer to work methods and procedure such as
keeping procedures, routine maintenance, use of signage to warn workers on
hazards, changing the way people work by job rotation, so that workers may
have less exposure to hazards.
Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Wearing of PPE while at work to prevent exposure to dangerous effects of hazards
such as harmful chemicals and accidents is a must.
Activity 2.1.1 “MATCH ME”
Directions: Below are the concepts you learned in this lesson. Match
Column A With the terms in Column B. Write the letter of your answer
in the space provided.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
____1. It includes protective gown, gloves, mask. a. Administrative
Control
____2. This method includes lessening the working b. Elimination
hours of the workers to lessen the exposure
to a hazard. c. Occupational Health
____3. It is a change from using stronger chemical and Safety
to a lesser one d. PPE
____4. This means completely removing the hazards. e. Substitution
____5. This is a planned system of working to prevent
illness and injury in the workplace.
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ACTIVITY 2.1.2
Let’s Make a Difference…
According to Edith Hamilton, “the fullness of life is in the hazards of life”.
Now, write a short journal on what you feel, when you encounter hardships in
your studies during pandemic. What steps will you take to overcome those
hardships?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
LESSON 2:2 Establish Organizational Protocol in Providing Appropriate
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Assistance in Workplace Emergencies
_____________________________________________________________________________________
In the Philippines, organizational protocols are being made to ensure
the health and safety of people in the workplace. All employers in the different
establishments need to ensure that their employees are trained in workplace
emergency procedures, since emergencies may happen anytime in any place
without warnings. A workplace emergency is an unexpected situation that
may harm the workers and even employers, who are supervising the work of
the people and the area. The workplace emergency may be categorized as
natural or man-made.
NATURAL MAN-MADE
EMERGENCIES EMERGENCIES
Industrial
Typhoon Accidents
Earthquake Chemical Threat
Flood Civil Disorder
Volcanic Eruption War
Landslide Terrorism
Fire Crime
This diagram shows that both natural and man-made emergencies/hazards lead to
the same result which is risk.
ACTIVITY 2.2.1
What Have You Learned?
RISKWhat is workplace emergency
Natural Man- made all about? How can you
differentiate natural and
Emergencies Emergencies
man-made workplace
emergency? Cite examples.
Workplace Emergency Protocols
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Workplace Protocol- is a system of rules that includes procedures to be
followed in each situation in a workplace. The leader is the person in-charge in
dealing with and/or creating emergency procedures and ensuring that updates
will be properly recorded. He is also responsible for the planning and
execution of emergency protocols with the emergency preparedness team.
The following are examples of workplace emergency protocols.
1. Check the Working Premises/Entire Building
It includes checking the location to identify what
emergency procedure applications to be done according to the
identified potential hazards. Check the perimeters of the
building. Record everything you observe. Include the location
of building’s exit fire alarms, fire extinguishers and fire exits.
2. Prepare for Evacuation It is necessary to know beforehand on where to
evacuate during emergency. A building or place not far from you may be
considered. Have an agreement to the owner of the building to ensure
readiness of the place.
3.Train all employees for workplace emergency procedures
All employees are trained on what to do in case of earthquake, fire and
other disasters. Identify emergency exits in the building and procedures to
follow during disasters.
4.Document physical changes in the building, drills, and trainings,
accidents and other report
Record changes in the inside and outside physical layout of the building.
Emergency procedure drills and trainings should be properly documented too.
Provide a copy to your emergency preparedness contact person. When an
incident happens, everything should be recorded from the actual happening
until the last incident.
ACTIVITY 2.2.2 IDENTIFICATION
Directions: Read the statements carefully and identify the terms in
workplace emergencies. Choose from the words inside the box. Write
the letter of your answer on the space provided.
A. Checking the Entire Building F. Natural Emergency
B. Fire G. Risk
C. Hazard H. Training
D. Leader I. Workplace
E. Man-made Emergency J. Workplace Emergency
__________1. He/she is the person in-charge in dealing with and/or creating
emergency procedures and ensuring that updates will be properly
recorded.
__________2. This is an unexpected situation that may harm the workers and
even Employers.
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__________3. This is an emergency or an unexpected event resulting from
natural processes of the earth.
__________4. The action of teaching person/s for a particular skill or type of
behavior.
__________5. A hazardous event that is caused by human beings.
__________6. This is a phenomenon where buildings are being damaged as a
result of flame and heat.
__________7. The possibility that somebody or something will be harmed
resulting from the exposure to a hazard.
__________8. Something that may harm the people, places, or things like
uneven walking surfaces, working areas, using chemicals, no
proper ventilation, and damaged electrical wirings.
__________9. It includes checking the location to identify what emergency
procedure applications to be done according to the identified
potential hazards.
__________10. This refers to the area or location where a person is working.
REMEMBER
Occupational Health and Safety is a way of protecting the workers
by providing different policies and standards on Health and safety.
Organizational protocols are being established to ensure the health and
safety of people in the workplace. All employers in the different establishments
are required to follow workplace emergency protocols, since emergencies may
happen anytime at any place without even warnings.
CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Let’s Try this!
Directions: A well-trained and well-informed worker about emergency
procedures is important during unexpected happening. As a future worker and
a caregiver, you should also know the emergency protocols in your
workplace.
WHAT TO DO?
Put a ( ∕ ) if it is a Workplace Emergency Protocols (X) if it is not.
1. Check the Working Premises/Entire Building.
2. Train selected employees in workplace emergency procedures.
3. Know where to evacuate in times of emergency.
4. Record only important happenings in the building.
5. In checking the building, it is not necessary to record everything you
observe.
POST-TEST
Directions: Read the sentences carefully and choose the best answer. Write the
letter of the answer on the space provided before the number.
_____1. This means changing the way people work, like job rotation.
A. Administrative Control C. Engineering Control
B. Elimination D. Substitution
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_____2. This is the best method of controlling hazards and risks.
A. Administrative Control C. Engineering Control
B. Elimination D. Substitution
_____3. This is the negative consequence caused by the exposure of a hazard.
A. Fire C. Occupational Safety and Health
B. Hazard D. Risk
_____4. It is something that may harm the people, places, or things when they
are exposed to it, like uneven walking surfaces, working areas dealing
with chemicals, no proper ventilation, and damaged electrical wirings.
A. Fire C. Occupational Safety and Health
B. Hazard D. Risk
_____5. A control measure which means getting rid of the hazard completely.
A. Administrative Control C. Engineering Control
B. Elimination D. Substitution
______6. Flood, typhoon and earthquake are examples of what emergency
category?
A. Artificial B. Man-made C. Natural D. Superficial
_____7. It is an example of Industrial accident.
A. Artificial emergency C. Natural emergency
B. Man-made emergency D. Superficial emergency
_____8. A method of protecting the workers through different policies and
standards that should be followed and be executed by the employers.
A. Emergency Protocols C. Protocols
B. Occupational Health and Safety D. Standards
_____9. It is an observation and checking of the workplace to identify the
situation, people, work, environment, and work procedures that may
cause harm to people.
A. Hazard Identification C. Risk Assessment
B. Evaluation of Workplace D. Workplace Inspection
____10. An unexpected situation that may harm the workers and even
employers who are overseeing the work of the people, and the people
around the area.
A. Hazard B. Illness C. Risk D. Workplace Emergency
REFERENCES
BOOKS:
• Cruz, Winnie L, K-12 BEC Technology and Livelihood Education
Learning Module in Caregiving Exploratory
• K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum, Technology and Livelihood
Education Learning Module- Caregiving
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ONLINE RESOURCES:
https://www.osha.gov/shpguidelines/hazard-prevention.html
https://www.ahec.edu/files/general/Workplace-Emergency-
Procedures.pdf
https://ehs.princeton.edu/book/export/html/624
https://www.hse.gov.uk/toolbox/managing/managingtherisks.htm
Development Team:
Writer/s : Vilialy Y. Pepito
Illustrator/s : Vilialy Y. Pepito
Layout Artist/s : Vilialy Y. Pepito
Content Editor/s : Ma. Patria R. Andres
Norminda P. Soto
Language Editor : Alma P. Linsangan
Management Team:
Regional Director : Malcolm S. Garma, Director IV
Schools Division Superintendent : Maria Magdalena M. Lim, CESO V
CLMD Chief : Genia V. Santos
CID Chief : Aida H. Rondilla
Regional EPS (Learning Area) : James Roldan
Regional LR : Dennis M. Mendoza
SDO Supervisor In-Charge of H.E. : Carmelina DM. Tan
SDO LR : Lucky S. Carpio
Regional Librarian : Nancy M. Mabunga
PDO II : Albert James P. Macaraeg
Librarian II : Lady Hannah C. Gillo
ANSWER KEY
PRETEST LOOKING ACTIVITY 2.2.1 POST-TEST
1. C BACK TO 1.D 1. A
2. A
2. B YOUR LESSON 3. E 2. B
3. B 1.Chemical 4. B 3. D
4. B 2. Physical 5. C 4. B
5. A 3. Biological 5. B
6. A 4. Psychological ACTIVITY 2.2.2 6. C
7. D 5. Ergonomics 1.D 6. B 7. B
8. D 2. J 7. G 8. B
9. D 3. F 8. C 9. C
10. B 4. H 9. A 10. D
5. E 10. I
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