PLAN OF A RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT

PROJECT REPORT
Submitted for the course: Building Drawing (CLE 2001)
Name of the faculty: PROF. Simon J
(SCHOOL OF CIVIL AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING)
NAME REGISTRATION
NUMBER
DHRUVA KUMAR REDDY .B 17BCL0154
ANUSH SIRNAPALLY 17BCL0216
NITHIN 17BCL0063
PAVAN KILLARI 17BCL0163
VINSON RAVI 17BCL0169
SHIVA SAI 17BCL0086
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project work entitled “PLAN OF A
RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT WITH ELEVATION” that is being
submitted by “DHRUVA KUMAR REDDY.B, ANUSH SIRNAPALLY,
PAVAN KILLARI, NITHIN, VINSON RAVI, SHIVA SAI” for Building
Drawing (CLE2001 ) is a record of bonafide work done under my
supervision. The contents of this Project work, in full or in parts, have neither
been taken from any other source nor have been submitted for any other CAL
course.
Place: Vellore
Date:
Signature of Students:
NAME REGISTRATION SIGNATURE 0F
NUMBER THE STUDENTS
DHRUVA KUMAR REDDY .B 17BCL0154
ANUSH SIRNAPALLY 17BCL0216
NITHIN 17BCL0063
PAVAN KILLARI 17BCL0163
VINSON RAVI 17BCL0169
SHIVA SAI 17BCL0086

Signature of Faculty:

PROF.SIMON
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
It has been our privilege to understand the meaning of research and
education through this project component programme. We wish to
express our profound sense of gratitude to our project guide
PROF.SIMON J, School Of Civil And Chemical Engineering, VIT
University, Who taught the fundamentals of this research and
supervised our project work.
We greatly benefited by his inspiring guidance and constant support
throughout our research work.
We would also like to extend our thanks to Dr.G.Vishwanathan,
Chancellor, and VIT for giving us this opportunity.
We have no words to express our gratefulness towards our parents,
local guardians and management of the University for their Support
and encouragement which spurred us to carry on with our project
work successfully.
 ABSTRACT
The following report is on the project done by the students on
“PLAN OF A RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT WITH
ELEVATION”. The report explains how a RESIDENTIAL
APARTMENT HAS BEEN DESIGNED has been designed by
using AUTODESK AutoCAD 2017 by considering all the standard
regulations mentioned in the National Building Code for a
Residential Apartment.
The National Building Code of India, a comprehensive building
Code, is a national instrument providing guidelines for regulating
the building construction activities across the country. It serves as a
Model Code for adoption by all agencies involved in building
construction works be they Public Works Departments, other
government construction departments, local bodies or private
construction agencies.
1.1 OBJECTIVE AND GOAL OF THE
PROJECT
The main objective of the project is to design a PLAN FOR
RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT WITH ELEVATION using
AUTODESK Auto CAD 2017 as per the standards provided in the
NATIONAL BUIDLING CODE.

1.2 DETAILED LITERATURESURVEY

Site Analysis
Orientation

The orientation of the site plays a very important role in sitting of the
building. This, when combined with the wind direction and sun path, would
give a good idea as to how the design should be oriented so as to optimize
the design. The orientation along with the sun path will also determine the
placement of rooms inside buildings.

SITE CONDITIONS (is; 3370-1, 2009)

7.1 The following conditions of the site in relation to the functional and
structural requirements of the liquid retaining (storage) structure material1y
influence the methods of design and the cost of the structure:

a) Physical characteristics of soil in which the liquid retaining structure may

be partly or wholly enclosed and also the physical and geological features of
the supporting foundations, b) Chemical properties of the soil and of the
ground water. And c) Extent of floatation at the site.

a) Earth Pressure -Allowance should be made for the effects of any adverse
soil pressure on walls. According to the compaction and/or surcharge of the
soil and the condition of the structure during construction and in service. No
relief should be given for beneficial soil pressure effects on the walls of
containment structure in the container full condition.

Site Planning
This must incorporate an accurate description of
 Shape, size, orientation of the site and easements.
 Levels and contours of the site and the difference in levels between the
site and surrounding properties.
 The location and height of existing buildings on the site and
surrounding properties.
 The use of surrounding buildings, including location of habitable
rooms.
 The location of private open space of surrounding properties and the
location of trees, fences and other.
 Landscape elements.
 Solar access to the site and surrounding properties.
 Street frontage features such as poles, street trees, footpaths and kerb
crossovers.

1.3 National Building Code Specification

According to National building code of India (SP: 7 – 1983, part 3, 3.81),
buildings are classified based on occupancy as per following

These shall include any building in which sleeping accommodation is

provided for normal residential purposes, with or without cooking or dining
or both facilities, except any building classified under Group C.
Residential types of building are further sub divided as per following

A-1 Lodging or rooming houses

A-2 One or two-family private dwellings

A-3 Dormitories
A-4 Apartment houses (flats)
A-5 Hotels
Group A Residential Buildings:

Subdivision A-4 Apartment houses (flats)

These shall include any building in which sleeping accommodation is
provided for normal residential purpose with or without cooking or dinning
or both facilities, except any building classified under Group C.

These shall include any building or structure in which living quarters are
provided for three or more families, living independently of each other and
with independent cooking facilities; for eg. apartment houses, mansions and
chawls.

LAND USE CLASSIFICATION OF APARTMENTS

SI Use Zone (Level 1) Use Zone (Level 2)
No.
1 Residential (R) Primary Residential
Zone (R-1)
2 Residential (R) Mixed Residential Zone
(R-2)
3 Residential (R) Unplanned/Informal
Residential Zone (R-3)

APARTMENTSTHE REAL ESTATE (REGULATION AND

DEVELOPMENT) ACT, 2016 NO. 16 OF 2016:-
"apartment" whether called block, chamber, dwelling unit, flat, office,
showroom, shop, godown, premises, suit, tenement, unit or by any other
name, means a separate and self-contained part of any immovable property,
including one or more rooms or enclosed spaces, located on one or more
floors or any part thereof, in a building or on a plot of land, used or
intended to be used for any residential or commercial use such as residence,
office, shop, showroom or godown or for carrying on any business,
occupation, profession or trade, or for any other type of use ancillary to
purpose specified.

SECOND MASTER PLAN FOR CHENNAI METROPOLITAN AREA,

Volume II, 2013.
Multi-storeyed Buildings means buildings exceeding 4 floors and or 15.25
meters in height. [However in cases of hospitals, buildings not exceeding 4
floors and or 17metres in height will be construed as non-multi-storeyed
buildings.
Special Building means
a) A residential or commercial buildings with more than 2 floors; or
b) A residential building with more than six dwelling units; or
c) A commercial building exceeding a floor area of 300 square metres:

REQUIRMENTS AND TECHNICAL FLOW

STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS (SP: 34(S&T)-1987)
Any reinforced concrete structure consists of:
–Slabs
–Beams
–Columns
–Foundations
FOUNDATIONS:
6.1 Types of Foundations- The following are types of reinforced concrete
foundations, the particular type being chosen depending on the magnitude
and disposition of the structural loads, and the bearing capacity of the
ground.
Individual Column Footing – Generally square in plan but sometimes
rectangular or circular.
Combined Footing - Combined footing is a common footing to two or
more columns in a line. The placing of reinforcement depends on the shape
of the bending moment and shear force diagrams considering the soil
pressure and the column loads on the footing.
Strip Footings - Under columns or WALLS.
Raft Foundation - Covering the whole plan area of structure, detailing
being similar to 2-way reinforced solid floor slabs or flat slabs.
Pile Foundations - This includes detailing of pile cap and pile portion.

COLUMNS:
7.0 General – Reinforced concrete columns are used to transfer the load of
the structure to its foundations. These are reinforced by means of main
longitudinal bars to resist compression and/or bending; and transverse steel
(ties) to resist bursting force. The column or strut is a vertical compression
member, the effective length of which exceeds three times its least lateral
dimension.
7.1 Longitudinal Reinforcement
7.1.1 In a reinforced column, the area of longitudinal reinforcement shall
not be less than 0.8 percent nor more than 6 percent of the gross cross-
sectional area of the column. The area of longitudinal reinforcement should
normally not exceed 4 percent of the gross cross sectional area of the
column. This percentage can be considered as the maximum from practical
considerations. However where bars from one column have to be lapped
with those of another column above, the total maximum percentage of 6
percent may be allowed at the lapping. Proper placing and compacting of
concrete should be ensured at the place of lapping.
7.1.2 A minimum number of 4 bars shall be provided in a column and six
bars in a circular column with helical reinforcement.
7.1.3 The bars shall be not less than 12 mm in diameter and spacing of the
bars along the periphery of the column shall not exceed 300 mm.
7.2 Transverse Reinforcement
7.2.1 A reinforcement concrete compression member shall have transverse
or helical reinforcement so disposed that every longitudinal bar nearest to
the compression face has effective lateral support against buckling. The
effective lateral support is given b transverse reinforcement either in the
form of the form of circular rings capable of taking up circumferential
tension or by polygonal links (lateral ties) with internal angled not
exceeding 135O.

BEAMS:
8.1 Arrangement of Bars – The main consideration when Arranging bars in
beam is to Obtain the most economical Layout to satisfy the design
requirements. It shall also satisfy the relevant rules concerning horizontal and
vertical spacing of bars and required bottom and side covers. While fixing
the overall dimensions of beams, slenderness limits for beams to ensure
lateral stability and span-to-depth ratios to control deflection, shall be kept
in view.
FLOOR SLABS:
9.0 Solid Slabs-The requirements specified in9.1 to 9.7.2.2 apply to solid
slabs other than flat slabs.
9.1 Minimum Reinforcement - In solid reinforced concrete slabs, the
reinforcement in either direction expressed as a percentage of the gross-
sectional area of the concrete shall not be less than: a) 0.15 percent where
plain bars are used, and b) 0.12 percent where high yield strength (hot
rolled and cold twisted) deformed bars or welded wire fabric are used.
STAIRS
10.0 Introduction - Reinforced concrete stairs are self-supporting or carried
on beams or walls. They are often built around open or lift wells supported
according to the type of structure. Staircase with cantilevering treads from a
column or wall support are also commonly used for fire escape stairs, etc.
NOTE - Minimum steel, bar spacing and cover should conform to the
requirements specs .f red for slabs and beams as appropriate.

MEANS OF ACCESS (SP 7 PART 4)

4.1) Every building/plot shall abut on a public/private means of access like
streets/roads duly formed.
4.2) Every person who erects a building shall not at any time erect or cause
or permit to erect any building which in any way encroaches upon or
diminishes the area set apart as means of access required in the code. No
buildings shall be erected so as to deprive any other building of the means
of access.
Boundaries of land use zones:
(1) The different land use zones are located and bounded as shown in the
land use plans.
(2) Variations: For updated information on variations of Land Use made
under section32 (4) of the Act and published subsequent to approval of the
Master Plan/Detailed Development Plan.
12.9 Basement
12.9.1 The basement shall not be used for residential purposes.
12.9.2 The construction of the basement shall be allowed by the Authority
in accordance with the land use and other provisions specified under the
Development Control Rules.
12.9.2.1 The basement to be constructed within the building envelope and
subject to maximum coverage on floor 1 (entrance floor) may be put to
only the following uses:
a) Storage of household or other goods of ordinarily non-combustible
material.
B) Strong rooms, bank cellars, etc.
c) Air-conditioning equipment and other machines used for services and
utilities of the building; and
d) Parking spaces.
6 REQUIREMENTS OF PLOTS
6.1 No building shall be constructed on any site, on any part of which there
is deposited refuse, excreta or other offensive matter objectionable to the
Authority, until such refuse has been removed therefrom and the site has been
prepared or left in a manner suitable for building purposes to the satisfaction
to the Authority.
6.2 Damp Sites
Wherever the dampness of a site or the nature of the soil renders such
precautions necessary, the ground surface of the site between the walls of
any building erected thereon shall be rendered damp-proof to the satisfaction
of the Authority.
6.3 Surface Water Drains
Any land passage or other area within the curtilage of a building shall be
effectively drained by surface water drains or other means.

Fire Safety or Fire Protection

In the case of apartment buildings exceeding three storeys above ground
level, a certificate of approval from the Director of Fire Force or an officer
authorized by him should be obtained before issue of the building permit.
All other requirements in respect of fire protection shall conform to Part
IV, Fire Protection National Building Code of India.
Plumbing Services
A plumbing or sanitation code is a set of rules and regulations imposed by
cities or counties. Anyone doing work on drinking water and sewer or toilet
facilities systems are responsible to make the work in a specific, safe
manner to avoid accidents and spread of disease. Water conservation and
the health aspects of plumbing have become important in the construction
sector now.

Lightning Protection
Locations, surrounded partially or fully by unbroken metallic surfaces or nets
do not allow lightning to penetrate to the interior and hence a person is safe
inside. Lightning prefers to strike the tallest of all objects in the location of
strike. Also it prefers metal objects. The larger the metal more is the
preference. Avoid using metallic pipes to fix lamps on terrace of buildings.
Also for drying clothes on the terrace, iron poles with metallic or plastic
wires are used.

Building Services:
The planning, design and installation of electrical installations, air-
conditioning and heating work shall be carried out in accordance with part
VIII Building Service Section 2 – Electrical installations, Section 3 Air
conditioning and Heating of National Building Code of India. The planning,
design including the number of lifts, type of lifts, capacity of lifts, depending
on occupancy of building, population on each floor and height of building.
• Every room that intended for human habitation shall abut on an interior
or exterior open space or to a veranda open to such interior or exterior
open space.
• Every interior, exterior or air space, unless the latter is a street, shall be
maintained for the benefit of such building exclusively and shall be
entirely within the owner’s own premises.

STANDARDS AND CONCIDERATIONS

HABITABLE ROOM
According to NBC 12.2.2 the area of a habitable room shall not be less than
9.5m2. Where there is only one room with a minimum width of 2.4m. Where
there are two rooms one of those shall not be less than 9.5m2 and the other
not less than 7.5m2 with a maximum width of 2.1m.
KITCHEN:
According to NBC (SP: 7 PART 3)
12.3.1 the height of the kitchen should not be less than 2.75m. 12.3.2 The
area of the kitchen where separate dining area is provided shall not be less
than 2.75m. If the kitchen has separate store it should 4.5m2. If it has dining
and kitchen 7.52 and 2.1m.
BATHROOM:
According to NBC (SP: 7 PART 3)
12.4.2 the bathrooms area should not be less than 1.8m2 and a minimum
width of 1.2m. The height 12.4.1 shall not be less than 2.1m. The window
in opening to a shaft area not less than 0.3 m2with slide not less than 0.3m.
STAIRCASE:
According to NBC (SP: 7 PART 3)
12.18.1 The minimum clear width, minimum tread width and maximum riser
of staircases for buildings shall be as given in 12.18.1.1 to 12.18.1.3
12.18.1.1 Minimum width — The minimum width of staircase shall be as
follows:
a) Residential buildings (dwellings) 1.0 m NOTE — For row housing with 2
storeys, the minimum width shall be 0.75 m.
12.18.1.2 Minimum tread The minimum width of tread without nosing shall
be 250 mm for residential buildings. The minimum width of tread for other
buildings shall be 300 mm.
12.18.1.3 Maximum riser The maximum height of riser shall be 190 mm for
residential buildings and 150 mm for other buildings and these shall be
limited to 12 per flight.
12.18.2 The minimum head-room in a passage under the landing of a
staircase shall be 2.2 m. The minimum clear head-room in any staircase shall
be 2.2 m.
12.9 Basement
12.9.1 The basement shall not be used for residential purposes.
12.9.2 The construction of the basement shall be allowed by the Authority in
accordance with the land use and other provisions specified under the
Development Control Rules.
12.9.2.1 The basement to be constructed within the building envelope and
subject to maximum coverage on floor 1 (entrance floor) may be put to only
the following uses:
a) Storage of household or other goods of ordinarily non-combustible
material.
B) Strong rooms, bank cellars, etc.
c) Air-conditioning equipment and other machines used for services and
utilities of the building; and
d) Parking spaces.
Lift
A building at a height of more than 13 metres is to have a lift that starts from
the ground floor, and have a minimum capacity of six persons. On the basis
of detailed calculations (based on the relevant provisions of National
Building Code) the number of lifts can be variable.
LIGHTING AND VENTILATION
15.1 For requirements regarding lighting and ventilation for different uses
and occupancies, reference shall be made to Part 8 ‘Building Services,
Section 1 Lighting and Ventilation’.
15.1.1 Lighting and Ventilation of Rooms
Rooms shall have, for the admission of light and air, one or more openings,
such as windows and ventilators, opening directly to the external air orinto
an open VERANDAH.

LIVING ROOMS:
According to NBC (SP: 7 PART 3)
12.2.1The height of all rooms for human habitation shall not be less than
2.75m. The average height of the room shall not be less than 2.75m. In case
of the ac rooms a height of not less than 2.4m measured from the surface of
the floor to the lowest point of ac duct or the false ceiling shall be provided.
LIFTS:
According to NBC a building at a height of more than 13 metres is to have
a lift that starts from the ground floor and have a minimum capacity of 6
persons. On the basis of detailed calculations.
DOORS:
TYPE LOCATION Masonry Opening
Size (in mm)
D1 ENTRANCE 1100x2100

D2 TOILET/BATH 900x2100

WINDOW:
The opening sizes of the window is 900mm height. And the masonry open
size is 900x1200mm.

ASSUMPTIONS
KITCHEN:
Flat number 1 and 2: the dimensions of kitchen are 3733x2133.
Flat number 3 and 4: the dimensions of kitchen are 2590x2133.
BATHROOM:
Flat number 1 and 2: the dimensions of the both the toilets are 2133x1219.
Flat number 3 and 4: the dimensions of the both the toilets are 1600x2057.

STAIRCASE:
The dimensions of the stairs are :
width of the stairs is 2000 mm
width of tread is 300 mm
height of the raiser is 150 mm

LIVING ROOMS:
Flat number 1 and 2: the dimensions of the living room are 4495x3505mm.
Flat number 3 and 4: the dimensions of the living room are 4495x3505mm.
BEDROOMS:
Flat number 1 and 2: dimensions of the master bedroom are 3657x3352mm.
dimensions of the bedroom are 3352x3505mm.
Flat number 3: dimensions of the bedrooms are 3657x4643m and
3352x3352mm.
Flat number 4: dimensions of the bedrooms are 3657x4343 and 3352x3352.

LIFTS:
The dimensions of the lift shaft are 1500x1500mm.
DOORS:
TYPE LOCATION Masonry Opening
Size (in mm)
D1 ENTRANCE 800X2100

D2 TOILET/BATH 700X2100

WINDOW:
The opening sizes of the windows provided in all flats is 1000X1000.