1. What is Constitution?

Ans: Constitution is a set of basic laws or principles for a country that describes the rights and duties and citizens.

2. What is the fundamental objective of the constitution?

Ans: We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build and just a just and
humane society and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common
good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of independence.

3. What are the concerns of the constitution?

Ans: A central issue at the Convention was whether the federal government or the states would have more
power. Many delegates believed that the federal government should be able to overrule state laws, but others feared
that a strong federal government would oppress their citizens.

4. Cite state policies declared in article 2 of the constitution that is related to education .Make a synthesis.

Ans: As cited in article 2, it is shown that Doctrine of Incorporation and Principles of General Welfare are best to
initiate for Education now a days. In correlation, Doctrine of Incorporation seeks for equality, freedom, corporation,
policy peace while the Principles of General Welfare adheres maintenance of peace and order in which, it must be
done in every aspect of education in public or private schools.

5. Enumerate the basic rights of the individual embodied in the constitution.

Ans: There are a number of basic rights of the individual embodied in the constitution. Some of them include
voting in elections, right to equality, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion and so much more.

6. Differentiate Law and Statute.

 COMMON LAW
Common law or case law is law as declared by judges.

Legislation is the primary source of law today and all cases start with interpreting the legislation as made by
Commonwealth and the States.

There are few notable exceptions to this rule that are common law jurisdictions. These include negligence, torts,
fiduciary duties and other equitable rights and contracts (to the extent not covered by statute).

 STATUTE LAW
Statute law can also be called Legislation (made by Parliament).
Legislation consists of Statutes (or Acts) and Delegated Legislation (usually Regulations).

 
 7. What can you say about RA 8491?

Ans: Republic Act No. 8491 is the principles accorded to the flag, anthem, sovereignty and national solidarity.
These rules shall apply to individuals, public and private entities of the local and national government as being
defined in the Constitution and laws of the Republic of the Philippines.

8. Why do we need to understand RA 8491?

Ans: As what I have learned, RA 8491 must need to be observed and apply to individuals. Also, these rules are
important to every Filipino, in which the flag reflects a country’s identity and personality through its form and color. In
addition, it must be mandates the respect to the Philippine Flag.

9. What is the punishment for disrespecting the Philippine national flag?

Ans: Section 50. Any person or judicial entity which violates any of the provisions of this Act shall, upon
conviction, be punished by a fine of not less than Five thousand pesos (5,000.00) not more than Twenty thousand
pesos (P20, 000.00), or by imprisonment for not more than one (1) year, second and additional offenses, both fine and
imprisonment, at the discretion of the court. Provided, that for any second and additional offenses, both fine and
imprisonment shall always be imposed. Provided, that in case the violation is committed by a juridical person, its
President or Chief Executive Officer thereof shall be liable.

10. How do we show respect to our Philippine flag?

Ans: As a sign of respect, all persons shall stand at attention and face the Philippine Flag, if there is one
displayed. At the first note, all persons shall execute a salute by placing their right palms over their left chests. Those
in the military or scouting shall give the prescribed salute.

11. How can we ensure dignity for all human beings?

Ans: To ensure human dignity, we must learn to respect one another. Poor people or rich one, they are all human
beings. In fact, human rights are fundamental freedoms that we all enjoy as being human, in which it represents
important societal ideals such as equality, respect, dignity and fairness.

12. How can we protect people from their political leaders?

Ans: As a protection of people from their political leaders, civil liberties and human rights are the basic freedoms
and claims individuals possess as members of political orders. In such, human rights may include social and economic
rights, collective rights of peace and environmental health.
 13.  We are born without asking for it; what are we entitled to?

Ans: Everyone is entitled of human rights include the right of liberty and the right to life, freedom of expression
and opinion, freedom from torture and slavery and the right of education and work.

14. If there are universal moral principles, how do we spread and uphold them?

Ans: All moral principles are derived from two basic ideas which are empathy and charity. In order to uphold
them, we must seek to five by them and adopt some good moral principles.

15. How might the rule of law be used as a vehicle for inclusion and emancipation?

Ans: It must be anchored in a national context, including its culture, politics and history. Thus, the role of law is
the vehicle for the promotion and protection of the common normative framework.

16.  How can we protect minorities from majoritarian whims?

Ans: The minority rights must be protected of democracy, no matter how alienated a minority is from the
majority society. In addition, by targeted the repression and killing of ethnic and national groups by the 20 th century
has made the protection of minorities from abuse by majorities, one of the highest obligations of International law.

17. How do we give institutional expression to the idea of citizenship?

Ans: Citizens most understand ideas about citizenship, politics and government. It must need knowledge to make
decisions, along with the skills to voice their concerns, the proper use of authority and act collectively.

18.  How do we establish institutional touchstones to support vibrant civil societies?

Ans: Civil society can be a catalyst for social, political and economic progress. In correlation, allowing individuals
to participate, collaborate in the process develop into citizens capable of upholding democracy.

19. What does Republic Act 7077 provide for?

Ans: Republic Act No. 7077, an act providing for the organization, administration, training, maintenance and
utilization of the citizen armed forces of the Philippines and for other purposes.

20. What national policy is declared under RA 7077

Ans: It is the regular force. It is the policy that of state to maintain a standing or regular military force in times of
peace. These units shall be utilized in times of war to ensure continuous and uninterrupted provision of the essential
services they are rendering.