NATIONAL OIL CORPORATION
GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
GES B.17
DOORS AND WINDOWS
Rev Date Description Checked Approved
0 1999 Issued for Implementation DL
Compiled by Teknica (UK) Ltd
GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES B.17
DOORS AND WINDOWS Page 2 of 15
Rev 0 1999
INDEX
SEC TITLE PAGE
1.0 SCOPE OF SPECIFICATION 3
1.1 Introduction 3
2.0 DEFINITIONS 3
2.1 Technical 3
2.2 Contractual 4
3.0 DESIGN 5
3.1 Codes and Standards 5
4.0 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DOORS AND WINDOWS 7
4.1 Performance Requirements for Doors 7
4.2 Performance Requirements for Windows 7
4.3 Prevention of Water, Dust and Sand Penetration 7
5.0 DOOR CONSTRUCTION 7
5.1 General 7
5.2 Cellular-Core Flush Doors 8
5.3 Skeleton-Core Flush Doors 8
5.4 Solid Core Doors 8
5.5 Fire Doors 8
6.0 WINDOW CONSTRUCTION 9
6.1 General 9
6.2 Performance 9
6.3 Specific Requirements 9
7.0 IRONMONGERY 9
7.1 Ironmongery Checklist 10
8.0 INSPECTION 10
8.1 Procedures 10
DRAWINGS
Figure 1 11
Figure 2 12
Figure 3 13
Figure 4 14
Figure 5 15
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1.0 SCOPE OF SPECIFICATION
1.1 Introduction
This specification sets out the minimum criteria for the design and construction of doors and windows,
serving petrochemical installations, processing facilities and their associated ancillary buildings. It is not a
definitive, technical, contract specification, but is intended to serve as a briefing document for the Owner
and Vendor/Contractor and to set the standards for building function, construction and ease of maintenance.
Its scope is confined to standard flush, external, internal and fire resisting timber doors together with basic
aluminium patio doors and windows using frame and gasket sections. It also includes guidance on the
selection criteria for door ironmongery. It excludes commercial doors, steel doors, or industrial sliding,
overhead and roller shutter doors. Design guidance for these items, where required, is given in the
individual NOC, building specifications.
1.1.1 The intent of the document is:
To provide the Owner and Vendor/Contractors with clear design guidelines for the construction of doors
and windows and to ensure that submitted designs for doors and windows shall be appropriate and that they
conform to good practice with regard to convenience and ease of maintenance.
To standardise design, by providing comprehensive recommendations and requirements within a single
document.
To set benchmark standards for both function and construction, and to provide the framework for cost-
control to be implemented.
To give guidance which takes into account the climatic conditions and general methods of construction
prevailing.
1.1.2 Any items not specifically covered in this specification shall be designed and engineered in accordance
with good engineering practice. All proposed designs shall be approved by the Owner prior to
implementation. Any exceptions to this specification shall be authorised by the Owner.
1.1.3 The Vendor/Contractor shall fully comply with the provisions laid down in this specification. any
exception shall be authorised in writing by the Owner.
1.1.4 In the event of any conflict between this specification and any applicable codes and standards, the
Vendor/Contractor shall inform the Owner in writing and receive written clarification before proceeding
with the work.
1.1.5 This General Engineering Specification shall form part of the Purchase Order/Contract.
2.0 DEFINITIONS
2.1 Technical
For the purpose of this specification, the following definitions shall hold:
Door-frame:
The whole of the fixed framework of the doorset, which is built into or attached to the structure of the
building, and on which the door leaf is hung.
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Door-leaf:
The moveable part of the doorset.
Door-set:
The doorset includes door leaf and door frame.
Leaf-frame:
Those parts of the door leaf which provide the required mechanical strength, either by themselves or in
conjunction with the facings.
Core:
The material placed between leaf facings.
Facings:
External surfaces of the door leaf, enclosing the framing and/or core.
Lipping:
Finishing strips applied to the edges of the door leaf.
External Door:
Door exposed to the effects of the weather.
Flush door:
A door leaf which is a composite of concealed frame and core, with flat facings.
2.2 Contractual
The commercial terms used in this specification are defined as follows:
Owner
The oil and gas company, an associate or subsidiary, who is the end user of the equipment and facilities.
Vendor
The company supplying the equipment and material.
Contractor
The main contractor for a defined piece of work.
Sub-Contractor
A company awarded a contract by a Contractor to do part of the work awarded to the Contractor.
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Inspection Authority
The organisation representing the Owner or Vendor/Contractor that verifies that the equipment and
facilities have been designed, constructed, inspected and tested in accordance with the requirements of this
specification and the Purchase Order/Contract.
Inspector
A qualified individual representing the Owner, Vendor/Contractor or the assigned Inspection Authority,
who verifies that the equipment and facilities have been designed, constructed, inspected and tested in
accordance with the requirements of this specification and the Purchase Order/Contract.
3.0 DESIGN
3.1 Codes and Standards
This specification has been based on the requirements the international standards and codes of practice set
out below. They are to be adhered to in any submitted design for door and window schedules. In the event
of conflict between codes, standards and this specification, the requirements leading to the safer design
shall be as determined by the Owner.
3.1.1 Doors
British Standards (BS)
BS 459 Specification for Matchboard Wooden Door Leaves for External Use
BS 476 Fire Tests on Building Materials and Structures
Part 20: Method for Determination of the Fire Resistance of Elements of
Construction (General Principles)
Part 22: Method for Determination of the Fire Resistance of Non Loadbearing
Elements of Construction
Part 23: Method for Determination of the Contribution of Components to the Fire
Resistance of a Structure
BS DD 171 Guide to Specifying Performance Requirements for Hinged or Pivoted Doors
BS 4787 Internal and External Wood Doorsets, Doorleaves and Frames - Dimensional
Part 1 Requirements
BS 5588 Fire Precautions in the Design, Construction and Use of Buildings
Part 1: Residential buildings
Part 4: Smoke Control Using Pressure Differentials
Part 11: Code of Practice for Shops, Offices, Industrial, Storage and other Similar
Buildings
BS 5286 Aluminium Framed Sliding Glass Doors
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Building Research Establishment
BRE Digest 220: Timber Fire Doors. Information Paper 2/81: Selection of Doors and Doorsets
by Performance.
British Board of Agrémént
Agrémént Board: MOAT No.11: Doors
American National Standards Institute
ASTM E 1105 Test Method for Field Determination of Water Penetration of Installed Exterior
Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors by Uniform or Cyclic Static Air Pressure
Difference
AAMA 101 Aluminium and Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Prime Windows and Glass Doors
ISDI 100 Door Size Dimensional Standards and Assembly Tolerances for Insulated Steel
Door Systems
SMA 2006 Specifications for Aluminium Sliding Screen Doors
AAMA 1002.10 Insulating Storm Products for Windows and Sliding Glass Doors
BHMA A156.1 Butts and Hinges
NFPA 251 Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance Building, Construction and
Materials
NFPA 252 Fire Tests of Door Assemblies
3.1.2 Windows
British Standards
BS CP153 Windows and Rooflights
Part 2: Durability and Maintenance
Part 3: Sound Insulation
BS 4873 Aluminium Alloy Windows
BS 6375: Part 1 Performance of Windows - Classification for Weather-Tightness
BS 8213: Part 1 Windows, Doors and Rooflights - Safety and Cleaning
British Board of Agrémént
Agrémént Board MOAT No 1: Windows
American National Standards Institute
ASME A39.1 Safety Requirements for Window Cleaning
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ASTM E 1105 Test Method for Field Determination of Water Penetration of Installed Exterior
Windows, Curtain Walls and Doors by Uniform or Cyclic Static Air Pressure
Difference
AAMA WSG-1 Window Selection Guide
4.0 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR DOORS AND WINDOWS
4.1 Performance Requirements for Doors
Doors are required to perform three primary functions. They must act as an effective weather barrier (if
external), they must provide the means of access and egress, and they must act as a security barrier. In addition,
internal doors must provide an effective barrier against the spread of fire, smoke and other products of
combustion.
4.2 Performance Requirement for Windows
Windows are required to perform the following primary functions. They must provide an adequate amount of
daylight into the buildings, they must act as an effective weather barrier and they must provide the means of
proper ventilation and allow for fresh air intake into the buildings.
4.3 Prevention of Water, Dust and Sand Penetration
Designers and Vendor/Contractors shall note that external doors and windows shall be capable of resisting
exposure to high seasonal winds and the consequent high degree of wind-borne sand, dust and rain. For this
reason, all external doors and windows shall be effectively weather-stripped on all edges, with compressible seals
and brushes and fitted with weather bars. Details of such weather-stripping shall be contained in submitted
drawings and/or specifications. Designers shall also consider the degree of exposure to be encountered on
proposed sites in order to position doors and windows in the least exposed positions.
5.0 DOOR CONSTRUCTION
5.1 General
The shape stability of flush doors depends to an extent on the fixing of the facings to the core. The lighter and
thinner the core, the more the facings provide stability. With a lightweight cellular or skeleton core, the fixing of
the facings is generally adequate to maintain the square face shape of the door.
Heavier solid core, flush doors with a core of laminated timber, flaxboard, chipboard or compressed fibre strips
will tend to maintain stability and uniformity of surface facings better than light skeleton and cellular core doors.
Refer to Figure 1 for basic details of the acceptable construction of various categories of flush door. Generally,
all flush doors and panels, whether Vendor/Contractor or proprietary made, solid or semi-solid, or cut from
boards (eg blockboard) shall be as follows:
- they shall be of metal-free construction;
- they shall be hardwood lipped at all edges with lippings of approved hardwood;
- plywood facings shall be flame retardant:
- they shall incorporate suitable solid blockings in semi-solid and hollow core doors as indicated in Figure
3;
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- they shall have flat, smooth facings free from core patterning.
5.2 Cellular-Core Flush Doors
These doors are made with a cellular, fibreboard or paper core in a light softwood frame, with lock and
hinge blocks and covered with plywood or hardboard both sides. They are relatively flimsy, lightweight
doors for light duty use such as internal domestic purposes. They do not withstand rough usage and
provide little acoustic privacy, thermal or sound insulation, fire resistance or security. Their use shall
therefore be restricted to low-cost or temporary buildings, or where the above functional requirements are
of secondary importance.
5.3 Skeleton-Core Flush Doors
These shall consist of a framework of small section timbers as indicated in Figure 1. The main members
are the stiles and rails, with intermediate rails as a base for the facing of hardboard or plywood. The
framing core members shall be joined with glued tongue and grooved joints.
5.4 Solid Core Doors
A flush door with a solid core of timber, chipboard, flaxboard or compressed fibre board strips, is a light of
medium duty door. It has better thermal and acoustic properties than cellular-core or skeleton-core flush
doors. A solid core door consisting of a core of timber strips glued together, with plywood facings, lipped
on all sides, will be suitable for use as fire doors with an integrity rating of 30 minutes. Generally, solid
core doors shall be constructed from 18 mm maximum width solid timber core strips, butt jointed and
glued, with each strip having grain reversed, 4 mm ply facings and hardwood lipped all edges.
5.5 Fire Doors
Fire doors serve to protect escape routes and the contents and structure of buildings by limiting the spread
of smoke and fire. The following criteria shall be strictly adhered to:
- all fire doors shall be fitted with intumescent strips let into grooves cut into hardwood lippings at
all edges;
- fire doors that are fixed for smoke control only, shall be capable of preventing the passage of
smoke at ambient temperatures by means of self-closing devices and flexible seals;
- fire doors that are fixed to protect means of escape routes shall prevent the passage of smoke at
ambient temperatures and have a minimum fire resistance of 30 minutes;
- fire doors that are fixed as part of a fire compartment and as an isolation of special risk areas shall
have a fire resistance of minimum 1 hour;
- when described as "fire check", or "fire resistant", they shall be constructed to pass the fire tests
described in BS 476 for the time periods stated (e.g. ½ hour, 1 hour etc.).
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6.0 WINDOW CONSTRUCTION
6.1 General
Most windows serving oil industry buildings will be formed from imported aluminium frame sections and
components, which shall be tailored to size to suit individual building requirements. The following section
provides guidance on the most important functional requirements:
6.2 Performance
Window performance has three major components: Weather resistance, strength and durability.
- Weather Resistance: The climate is characterised by seasonal high winds carrying dust and sand
particles. It is essential therefore, that all windows are fully weather-stripped and sealed to afford a high
degree of air impermeability, watertightness and resistance to wind.
- Strength: Frames shall be capable of withstanding accidental loads and shall be resistant to abuse by
building users.
- Durability: Windows and their components should last the lifetime of the building with the minimum
maintenance requirements. Components shall therefore, be specified on the basis of their durability and
ease of replacement.
6.3 Specific Requirements
Designers and Vendor/Contractors shall refer to the applicable NOC building specifications for the specific
functional requirements for windows. Essential general points to note include:
- For most administrative buildings such as offices or living accommodation, where windows provide
ventilation for much of the year, integral flyscreens shall be fitted. These shall be designed to allow for
simplicity and ease of replacement.
- Window sizes should generally be limited, and frames set deep into openings, in order to avoid excess
solar heat gain.
- Side-hung casements and sliding frames shall in all cases be fitted with friction stays or similar.
- Horizontal sliding windows, such as glazed patio doors, shall be fitted with nylon or similar impact-
resistant rollers, in order to provide durability. Metal rollers shall not be acceptable.
- Where buildings are adjacent to noisy plant and machinery, double-glazing shall be necessary to
facilitate sound attenuation, in addition to normal weather-stripping. In extreme cases, laminated glass
shall be considered for the outer pane and special acoustically insulated frames shall be used.
- Where aluminium frames are used, Designers and Vendor/Contractors shall specify the adequate
thickness of aluminium to support the glazing and for the frames to be able to withstand and wind and
movement. The joints between the aluminium sections of the fames shall be sealed with weather
resistant sealing.
7.0 IRONMONGERY
Requirements for ironmongery will vary, but Vendor/Contractors and Designers shall apply the following
recommendations:
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- Owner's guidance shall be sought for master key and suiting requirements;
- ascertain Owner's requirements for security and selective access.
7.1 Ironmongery Checklist
Prior to submittal for Owner approval, Vendor/Contractors are advised to prepare and submit ironmongery
schedules, which conform to the following checklist:
7.1.1 General
- quality required;
- principal finish of proposed ironmongery;
- means of escape;
- safety;
- security.
7.1.2 Product Considerations
- hinges: with or without fixed pin;
- function of door;
- single or double action;
- sliding door gear: internal or external; top hung or bottom rolling;
- door closers: overhead (surface mounted, concealed, optional controls), side mounted (concealed
with non-check action/check action, surface mounted);
- door controls (electro-magnetic hold open devices, automatic door gear, door selectors);
- access controls (telephone systems, electric release mechanisms, electrical locking devices, push-
button/card operated locks, door alarms);
- locks and latches (preferred range, mortise lever locks-upright horizontal, mortice cylinder locks-
upright or horizontal, rim night latches, security locks, electric or remote control locks, padlocks,
master or grand master systems);
- key cabinets.
7.1.3 Door Furniture
- preferred range or suite;
- lever handles;
- knob handles;
- pull handles.
7.1.4 Emergency Exit Equipment
- panic latches;
- panic bolts (single or double);
- fire and safety signs.
8.0 INSPECTION
8.1 Procedures
The Inspection requirements are covered by the Purchase Order/Contract.
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P LA S T E R B O A R D
OR ASBESTOS
F R E E F IR E
BOARD
HEAVY DUTY
CORE L A M IN A T E D S O F T W O O D H IG H D E N S IT Y B S 459 30/20 B S 459 60/45
C H IP B O A R D
T H IC K N E S S 44 m m 44 m m 44 m m 54 m m
W E IG H T 39 kg 45 kg 45 kg 62 kg
T O P R A IL 75 m m D E E P
IN T E R M E D IA T E R A ILS
22 m m D E E P
S T ILE 75 m m W ID E
E A C H S ID E
LO C K B LO C K
H A R D W O O D LIP P IN G T O
A LL E D G E S
M E D IU M D U T Y P LY W O O D O R H A R D W O O D
F A C IN G
B O T T O M R A IL 75 m m D E E P
CORE 50-60% T IM B E R H IG H D E N S IT Y EXTRUDED CORED
F LA X B O A R D C H IP B O A R D
T H IC K N E S S 44 m m 44 m m 44 m m
W E IG H T 20 kg 35 kg 32 kg
M E D IU M D U T Y
CORE 30-40% T IM B E R EXPANDED EXPANDED
C E LLU LA R P A P E R C E LLU LA R P A P E R
T H IC K N E S S 40 m m 40 m m 40 m
W E IG H T 16 kg 15 kg 15 kg
F IG U R E 1
C O R E C O N S T R U C T IO N O F F LU S H D O O R S
W E IG H T S G IV E N A R E F O R 826 x 2040 m m D O O R
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1 . F ix e d L ig h t 2. C asem ent 3. C asem ent 4. C asem ent
hung hung hung
5 . H o riz o n ta lly 6 . V e rtic a lly 7 . L o u v e re d 8 . L in k e d
p iv o te d p iv o te d hopper
9 . P ro je c te d 1 0 . V e rtic a lly 1 1 . H o riz o n ta lly s lid in g
to p h u n g s lid in g
F IG U R E 2
B A S IC T Y P E S O F W IN D O W S
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DOOR CLOSER BLOCK
HINGE BLOCK
LOCK BLOCK
CONCEALED SPRING
DOOR CLOSER
HINGE BLOCK
NB - BLOCKING
REQUIREMENTS SHALL BE NOTED
BOTTOM RAIL DOUBLED IN SPECIFICATION AND
ON CONTRACTOR'S ORDER.
FIGURE 3
BLOCKING REQUIREMENTS FOR FLUSH DOORS
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RECESSED CLOSER CAN SERIOUSLY INTUMESCENT
LESSEN FIRE RESISTANCE OF DOOR. STRIP.
DOOR LATCH/LOCK:-
FILL VOIDS IN CUT-OUT WITH
INTUMESCENT PASTE.
NIB OF LOCK/LATCH SHOULD ENGAGE
LATCH PLATE (STRIKE PLATE) BY MIN
10 mm.
1 HOUR FIRE RESISTING DOORS:-
RIM LOCKS SHOULD BE MOUNTED ON
NON-RISK SIDE OF DOOR, OR BE
BOLTED THROUGH THICKNESS OF DOOR.
RECESSED THRESHOLD DOOR CLOSER
IS BEST FROM FIRE RESISTANCE
POINT OF VIEW.
FIGURE 4
INSTALLATION OF IRONMONGERY ON FIRE DOORS
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UNTREATED TIMBER NON-COMBUSTIBLE BEADS UNTREATED TIMBER TIMBER BEADS WITH
BEADS, MIN. 13 mm DEEP MELTING POINT NOT BEADS WITH GLASS SET 1 COAT INTUMESCENT PAINT
LESS THAN 600 °C. IN INTUMESCENT PASTE. IN INTUMESCENT PASTE.
1/2 HOUR FIRE RESISTING
TIMBER BEADS COATED TIMBER BEADS WITH NON-COMBUSTIBLE BEADS, TIMBER BEADS WITH
WITH INTUMESCENT PAINT METAL CAPPING ANGLE MELTING POINT NOT 2 COATS INTUMESCENT
LESS THAN 900 °C. PAINT AND GLASS SET
IN INTUMESCENT PASTE
1/2 HOUR FIRE RESISTING
HARDWOOD BEADS WITH 15 mm DEEP TIMBER BEAD
INTUMESCENT PAINT: WITH METAL CAPPING ANGLE
GLASS SET IN
INTUMESCENT PASTE.
1 HOUR FIRE RESISTING
MAXIMUM GLAZING AREA, USING 6 mm THICK WIRED GLASS:
1.2 m² FOR ½ HOUR FIRE RESISTING DOORS
0.5 m² FOR 1 HOUR FIRE RESISTING DOORS
FIGURE 5
GLAZING IN FIRE RESISTING DOORS AND SCREENS
