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Module 1 Notes - Introduction To Differential Equation

This document provides an introduction to differential equations. It defines differential equations and identifies dependent and independent variables. It also distinguishes between general and particular solutions. The document classifies differential equations as ordinary or partial, and linear or non-linear, and discusses how to determine an equation's order and degree. It provides examples of dependent and independent variables as well as linear and non-linear differential equations. Finally, it discusses general and particular solutions and the types of problems they apply to.

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181 views19 pages

Module 1 Notes - Introduction To Differential Equation

This document provides an introduction to differential equations. It defines differential equations and identifies dependent and independent variables. It also distinguishes between general and particular solutions. The document classifies differential equations as ordinary or partial, and linear or non-linear, and discusses how to determine an equation's order and degree. It provides examples of dependent and independent variables as well as linear and non-linear differential equations. Finally, it discusses general and particular solutions and the types of problems they apply to.

Uploaded by

Mia Nicole
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
MODULE 1
1. define Differential Equations ;

2. identify the dependent and independent variable ;

3. differentiate a general solution from a particular solution of a


LEARNING OUTCOMES differential equation ;

4. classify differential equation as ordinary or partial and linear or


non-linear and

5. determine the order and degree of differential equation


WHAT IS DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATION?
Such equations are called differential
The construction of mathematical models to equation. As in equation, a derivative
approximate real-world problems has been one of may be involved implicitly through the
the most important aspects of the theoretical presence of differentials. Our aim is to
development of each of the branches of science. It find methods for solving differential
is often the case that these mathematical models equations; that is, to find the unknown
involve an equation in which a function and its function or functions that satisfy the
derivatives play important roles. differential equation.
EXAMPLE:
DEPENDENT AND INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

When a differential equation involves one or more derivatives with respect to a


particular variable, that variable is called the independent variable. A variable is
called dependent if a derivative of that variable occurs.
EXAMPLE:
CLASSIFICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Differential equations can be classified as:

Based on Type
•Ordinary Differential Equations
•Partial Differential Equations
Based on Attributes
Order
Degree
Linearity
CLASSIFICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Based on Type:
Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE)
A differential equation involving ordinary derivatives of one or more dependent variables
with respect to one independent variable is called an Ordinary Differential Equation
(O.D.E)
CLASSIFICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Based on Type:
Partial Differential Equation (PDE)
A differential equation involving ordinary derivatives of one or more dependent variables
with respect to more than one independent variable is called a Partial Differential
Equation (P.D.E)
CLASSIFICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Based on Attributes:
Order
The order of a differential equation is the highest derivative appearing in the equation.
CLASSIFICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Based on Attributes:
Degree
The degree of a differential equation is given by the exponent that is raised the highest
derivative that occurs in the equation.
CLASSIFICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Based on Attributes:
Linearity
A linear ODE of order n, in the independent variable x and the dependent variable y is an
equation that can be expressed in the form:
CLASSIFICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
SOLUTIONS TO DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Types of Solutions to Differential Equations:

1. General Solutions

2. Particular Solutions
SOLUTIONS TO DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

General Solutions

A general solution to an nth order differential equation is a solution in which the


value of the constant c in the solution may vary.
SOLUTIONS TO DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
SOLUTIONS TO DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Particular Solutions

A particular solution to an nth order differential equation is a solution in which there


is a particular value for the constant c. These types of solutions occur in initial value
problems.
Questions?

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