Course Code: CRI 166
Course Title: Human Rights Education
Student’s Activity Sheet: Module # 8
Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______
Section: ____________ Schedule: ____________ Date: _____________
Lesson title: Introduction to Philippine Constitution Materials:
Student Activity Sheets
Lesson Objectives: Ballpen
At the end of the lesson students shall be able to:
1. Understand the Philippine Constitution and its importance; References:
2. Identify the articles of the 1987 Philippine Constitution; and Lecture notes provided by the
3. Differentiate the three branches of the Government. teacher
https://en.wikipedia.org/
https://constitutionnet.org/
The key to studying at home is to create a
space within your home that has some of the
benefits of a school or library, with as few of
the distractions of the home as possible.
A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
Introduction (2 mins)
Good day dear students, it is a good day to learn something new. Today
we are going to study Philippine Constitution. We are also going to
explore the different articles of the 1987 Philippine Constitution. To be
able to fully understand this course we must first know the brief history of
Philippine Constitution.
Score: /10
Activity 1: What I Know Chart, part 1 (3 mins)
Instructions: In this activity, you will organize what you know and what you learned about the topic to be
discussed. Answer the questions below by writing them on the space provided. The third column is left
blank at this time because you will answer this during your Activity 4.
This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION
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Course Code: CRI 166
Course Title: Human Rights Education
Student’s Activity Sheet: Module # 8
Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______
Section: ____________ Schedule: ____________ Date: _____________
What I Know Question What I Learned
1. What is Constitution?
2. How important is
Constitution in every
country?
3. What do you know
about the 1987 Philippine
Constitution?
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Course Code: CRI 166
Course Title: Human Rights Education
Student’s Activity Sheet: Module # 8
Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______
Section: ____________ Schedule: ____________ Date: _____________
B. MAIN LESSON
Activity 2: Concept Notes (13 mins)
Read and understand the concepts below and pay attention to those terms that
are written in bold. You may use your notebook in writing down important terms
and concepts. Let’s start!
What is Constitution?
Constitutions describe as the basic principles of the state,
the structures and processes of government and the
fundamental rights of citizens in a higher law that cannot be
unilaterally changed by an ordinary legislative act. This
higher law or supreme law is usually referred to as a
Constitution.
The Functions of a Constitution
1. Constitutions can declare and define the boundaries of the political community.
2. Constitutions can declare and define the nature and authority of the political community.
3. Constitutions can express the identity and values of a national community.
4. Constitutions can declare and define the rights and duties of citizens.
5. Constitutions can establish and regulate the political institutions of the community defining the
various institutions of government; prescribing their composition, powers and functions; and regulating
the relations between them.
6. Constitutions can divide or share power between different layers of government or sub-state
communities.
7. Constitutions can declare the official religious identity of the state and demarcate relationships
between sacred and secular authorities.
This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION
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Course Code: CRI 166
Course Title: Human Rights Education
Student’s Activity Sheet: Module # 8
Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______
Section: ____________ Schedule: ____________ Date: _____________
8. Constitutions can commit states to particular social, economic or developmental goals.
Why Have a Constitution?
An Analogy: The Constitution as Rules of the Game
Imagine two teams playing a game of football. If the team in possession of the ball
could change the rules of the game and appoint its own referee, then the game
would hardly be fair. One team would always win, and the other would lose—or
simply stop playing. This is like political life without a democratic constitutional order.
The party, faction or group in power makes up the rules, and those in opposition are
excluded from a game that is rigged against them.
A democratic constitutional order acts like the rules of the game, and its guardians—
for example, a constitutional court—are like the referee. They make sure that
everyone can play the ‘political game’ fairly.
In other words, constitutionalism empowers legitimate authorities to act for the public good in the
management of common concerns while protecting people against the arbitrary power of rulers whose
powers would otherwise be used for their own benefit and not for the public good. The constitution
ensures that the government does not own the state: it simply manages the state, under the
authority of higher laws, on behalf of citizens.
Introduction to Philippine Constitution
The Constitution of the Philippines also known as Saligang Batas ng
Pilipinas or Konstitusyon ng Pilipinas, is the constitution or supreme law of the Republic of
the Philippines. Its final draft was completed by the Constitutional Commission on October 12, 1986
and was ratified by nationwide plebiscite on February 8, 1987.
Former Constitution of the Philippines:
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Course Code: CRI 166
Course Title: Human Rights Education
Student’s Activity Sheet: Module # 8
Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______
Section: ____________ Schedule: ____________ Date: _____________
• The 1973 Constitution;
• The 1935 Commonwealth Constitution;
• The 1986 Freedom Constitution; and
• The 1899 Malolos Constitution.
The 1987 Philippine Constitution
The 1987 Philippine Constitution is often called the "Freedom Constitution", this constitution was
intended as a transitional constitution to ensure democracy and the freedom of the people. The
Freedom Constitution provided for an orderly transfer of power while a Constitutional Commission was
drafting a permanent constitution. The Commission finished the final draft on October 12, 1986 and
presented it to Aquino on October 15. The constitution was ratified by a nationwide plebiscite on
February 8, 1987.
Ruling by decree during the early months of her tenure as a president installed via the People
Power Revolution, President Corazon Aquino was granted three options: restore the 1935 Constitution,
retain and make reforms to the 1973 Constitution, or pass a new constitution. She decided to draft a
new constitution and issued Proclamation No. 3 on March 25, 1986, abrogating many of the provisions
of the 1973 Constitution adopted during the Marcos regime, including the unicameral
legislature (the Batasang Pambansa), the office of Prime Minister, and provisions which gave the
President legislative powers.
The constitution provided for three governmental branches, namely the executive, legislative,
and judicial branches. Through the constitution, three independent Constitutional Commissions,
namely the Civil Service Commission, Commission on Elections, and Commission on Audit, were
created. These Constitutional Commissions have different functions. The constitution also paved a
way for the establishment of the Office of the Ombudsman, which has a function of promoting and
ensuring an ethical and lawful conduct of the government.
The executive branch is headed by the president and his appointed cabinet members. The executive,
same with the other two co-equal branches, has limited power. This is to ensure that the country will
be "safeguarded" if martial law is to be declared. The president can still declare martial law, but it
expires within 60 days and Congress can either reject or extend it.
The task of the Supreme Court is to review whether a declaration of martial law is just. The legislative
power consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. There are twenty-four senators and
the House is composed of district representatives. It also created opportunities for under-represented
sectors of community to select their representative through party-list system. The judiciary branch
comprises the Supreme Court and the lower courts. The Supreme Court is granted the power to hear
any cases that deals with the constitutionality of law, about a treaty or decree of the government. It is
also tasked to administrate the function of the lower courts.
18 Articles of the 1987 Philippine Constitution
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Course Code: CRI 166
Course Title: Human Rights Education
Student’s Activity Sheet: Module # 8
Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______
Section: ____________ Schedule: ____________ Date: _____________
Preamble- The preamble introduces the constitution and the source of sovereignty, the people. It
follows the pattern in past constitutions, including an appeal to God.
Article I – National Territory
Article II – Declaration of Principles and State Policies
Article III – Bill of Rights- Article III enumerates specific protections against the abuse of state power,
most of which are similar to the provisions of the U.S. Constitution.
Article IV – Citizenship
Article V – Suffrage
Article VII – Executive Department
Article VIII – Judicial Department
Article IX – Constitutional Commissions
Article X – Local Government
Article XI – Accountability of Public Officers
Article XII – National Economy and Patrimony
Article XIII – Social Justice and Human Rights
Article XIV – Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports
Article XV – The Family
Article XVI – General Provisions
Article XVII – Amendments or Revisions
Article XVIII – Transitory Provisions
Score: /15
Activity 3: Skill-building Activities (20 minutes)
After knowing what is the 1987 Philippine Constitution, let’s have an activity
regarding the 3 branches of the government.
Instruction: Differentiate the 3 branches of the Government, as provided by the
1987 Philippine Constitution. Please write your answer in the space provided. (5
points each)
This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION
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Course Code: CRI 166
Course Title: Human Rights Education
Student’s Activity Sheet: Module # 8
Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______
Section: ____________ Schedule: ____________ Date: _____________
Branches of the Government
Executive Branch Legislative Branch
Judiciary Branch
Activity 4: What I Know Chart, part 2 (2 mins)
At this point, ladies and gentlemen, let us evaluate your understanding about the attributes, levels and
factors affecting human behavior and faculties of man, by reflecting to Activity 1 What I Know Chart by
answering the third column of the chart.
This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION
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Course Code: CRI 166
Course Title: Human Rights Education
Student’s Activity Sheet: Module # 8
Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______
Section: ____________ Schedule: ____________ Date: _____________
Score: /10
Activity 5: Check for Understanding (5 mins)
Let’s test your critical thinking skills, please answer the 10 item multiple choice
questions below.
Instructions: Read the statements below and choose the letter of correct answer.
1. This refer to highest law or supreme law of the land.
a. Constitution c. Government
b. Philippine Constitution d. Bill of Rights
2. Which of the following is not a branch of the government?
a. Executive c. Legislative
b. Judiciary d. Supreme Court
3. How many senators are there in a senate?
a. 12 c. 18
b. 24 d. 50
4. How many articles are there under the 1987 Philippine Constitution?
a. 12 c. 18
b. 24 d. 50
5. The legislative power is vested in-
a. President c. Supreme Court
b. Congress d. Executive branch
6. The House of Representatives are is composed of how many elected members?
a. 250 c. 18
b. 24 d. 100
7. What is Art. III of the 1987 Philippine Constitution?
a. Citizenship c. The Local Government
b. Suffrage d. Bill of Rights
8. The 1987 Philippine Constitution is also known as-
a. People Power Constitution c. Freedom Constitution
b. EDSA Constitution d. Constitutional Commission
9. The 1987 Philippine Constitution was ratified on-
a. March 25, 1986 c. October 12, 1986
b. February 25, 1987 d. February 8, 1987
10. It is granted the power to hear any cases that deals with the constitutionality of law, about a treaty
or decree of the government.
a. Supreme Court c. Court of Appeals
b. Regional Trial Court d. Municipal Trial Court
C. LESSON WRAP-UP
Activity 6: Thinking about Learning (5 mins)
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Course Code: CRI 166
Course Title: Human Rights Education
Student’s Activity Sheet: Module # 8
Name:____________________________________________________________ Class number: _______
Section: ____________ Schedule: ____________ Date: _____________
Now, kindly mark your place in the work tracker by encircling the corresponding number. This work
tracker will help you see how much work you have accomplished and how much work is left to do.
Before we end this lesson, do you have any questions or clarifications as regards to the topic or to the
discussions? What behavior usually reflects on your part as an individual? Does it challenge or motivate you as
an individual?
KEY TO CORRECTIONS
Activity # 3
Answers Rate
Discuss the thoughts comprehensively with the concept 5
Discuss the thoughts incomprehensively with the concept 3
No answer 0
Activity # 5
1. A 6. A
2. D 7. D
3. B 8. C
4. C 9. D
5. B 10. A
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