Name:Salma Chairunnisa Sansosie Putri

Country:Tanzania

Topic : Battling The Trafficking for Sexual Exploination:

Victim Protection International and Domestic Asylum Law

[Link] and role council

Based on the 1951 Geneva Refugee Convention, UNHCR’s core mandate is to ensure the international
protection of uprooted people globally. This organization advances the basic human rights of refugees and
ensures they will not be returned involuntarily to a country where they confront mistreatment. UNHCR offers
assistance to the refugees and uprooted individuals to repatriate to their country when conditions allow,
coordinated into states of refugee or resettle in third countries. Other than that, UNHCR also advances
international refugee agreements, help the states to build up their asylum structures and act as an international
watchdog over refugee issues.

Basically, UNHCR is an in charge institution for everybody’s assurance towards the right to seek asylum
and find safe refuge, having fled violence, mistreatment, war or disaster at home

[Link] Topic and Main Issues

Trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation is the most common form of human trafficking in the
European Union. This is a type of gender-based violence that affects women particularly severely. In the
European Union, 95% of registered victims of human trafficking for sexual exploitation are women or girls.
Trafficking in women and girls remains a structural form of violence against women. Member States’ laws
are obliged to take gender-specific measures to assist and protect victims. Human trafficking , especially for
women and children, is not a new problem in this world. Many have started the history of the birth of
conventions as an effort Human Smuggling, especially women and children across national borders for the
purpose of prostitution. As a comparison, human trafficking and human smuggling are the crimes with the third
largest profit after the crimes of Arms Smuggling and Drug Trafficking. Human trafficking for the
purposes of sexual exploitation does not only occur in the European Union, but also in almost all countries in
the world, one of.ṭḥẹṃ.ịṣ.Ṭạṇẓạṇịạ

Human trafficking for sexual exploination is very dangerous because it can make the victim sustain mental
breakdown cause the effect of pressure that they get from Unscrupulous persons.

Based on the explanation above we can conclude that the issue of “Trafficking for sexual exploination is
really important to be discussed and looking for the best solution and overcome with a Effective and creative
way.

[Link] Frame Work and Past Action

Since 1995 the UN has monitored the increasingly alarming issue of Sexual Violence against refugees where
women and young girls (as well as less frequently but still significant amount of men and boys) are vulnerable
to attack both during their migration and while they are in exile (UNHCR, 1995). In a report on Sexual Violence
against Refugees published in 1995 which gave the first general guideline on prevention and response noted that
the issue of sexual violence among refugees and asylum seekers have become rampant, calling the development
concerning and thus making refugee workers in need of guidelines in assisting victims of sexual violation

the UNHCR 2020-2022 Strategy and Action Plan for Tackling Sexual Exploitation

and Abuse and Sexual Harassment was published, outlining UNHCR’s master plan for addresing the issue. It
outlines the current progress of UNHCR for the past two years in tackling the issue of Sexual Exploitation and
Abuse (SEA) and Sexual Harassment (SH) within the organization. The action Plan builds upon the 2018 and
2019 Report on UNHCR’s progress in tackling sexual missconduct, whose key findings determined that sexual
violence against refugees was still widespread.

PAST ACTION
United Nations High Commissioner on Refugees Strategy and Action Plan on Tackling Sexual Exploitation and
Abuse (SEA) and Sexual Harassment (SH) 2018the UNHCR Strategy and Action Plan on Tackling Sexual
Exploitation and Abuse and Sexual Harassment is plan to be renewed in 2020-2022, building upon the sucesses
of the Action plans of 2018 and 2019. The reasons behind the successes of the Action Plans of 2018 lies upon
the fact that it conducted strengthening the Speak Up Helpline for the victims of Sexual Harassment and Sexual
Exploitation and Abuse—which happened a lot in the refugees community, creating mechanisms to ensure
PSEA and Sexual Harassment mainstreaming, in parallel with targeted efforts to address sexual misconduct,
training and awareness-rising on sexual misconduct, as well as other main programmes. Beside that, this Action
Plan envisionedUNHCR as a trusted, respectful and inclusive environment where the people the body serves
and work for the organization feel safe, heard, equipped and empowered to speak up for themselves and other to
take robust and visible action for eradicate SEA and SH

-Inter-Agency Standing Committee on Protection from Sexual Exploitation and Abuse and Sexual Harassment
The Inter-Agency Standing Committee is the longest-standing and highest-level humanitarian coordination
forum of the UN system that brings together 18 Principals of UN and non-UN entities to ensure response
efforts, policy formulation and priority agreements for strengthened humanitarian action; including a series of
concrete steps to address SEA and SH

-Hope for Children Humanitarian Organization

-Best Practice and Recommendations from WHO Regional Office for Europe

4 Country Stances and Impact Of The Topic To Your Country

Tanzania is a source, transit and destination country for men, women and children who are trafficked for
these purposes for forced labor and sexual exploitation . Boys are trafficked domestically for forced labor
in agriculture, in mining, and in the informal business sector. Tanzanian girls from rural areas are
trafficked to the city center and the island of Zanzibar for domestic slavery and commercial sexual
exploitation; some local workersfleeing from abusive employers to fall prey to forced prostitution. In some
areas, unregistered employment agencies are involved in recruiting minors from rural areas to work as
domestic workers in the capital, where they are targets of exploitation. Tanzanian children and adults have
reportedly been trafficked to other countries including Mozambique, Uganda, Kenya, South Africa,
Ethiopia, Yemen, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, United Kingdom, United States,
France, Italy and China. Trafficked children from Burundi and Kenya, as well as adults from Bangladesh,
India, Nepal and Yemen, are trafficked for forced labor in Tanzania's mining, agricultural and domestic
services sectors, and are also occasionally subjected to sex trafficking. [1]The Tanzanian government does
not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, there have been
significant attempts to do so. 
kidnapping , kidnapping and slavery. Following a six-month period for Zanzibar to comment on a national
anti-trafficking bill, the Tanzanian Cabinet approved the bill in mid-January 2008 and introduced it for its
first reading in Parliament two weeks later. The bill is then transferred to the committee for discussion and
editing, with Parliamentary votes expected before the end of 2008. Using existing legislation, the
government was actively investigating trafficking cases during the reporting period; However, there are no
known charges or punishments.
The Anti-Trafficking Unit investigates all trafficking leads that are reported to the police by the public or
other law enforcement authorities. The defendant was released on bail while the investigation continued. In
addition, the unit is continuing investigations into the Zanzibari brothel which markets children via the
Internet; This type of cyber crime is new in Tanzania and police are seeking training on how to investigate
this crime.
The Tanzanian police are also working with Interpol to find suspected victims of trafficking in Tanzanians
in South Africa using newly acquired cell phone technology. The April 2007 foreign government-
sponsored "trainer training" program for 18 police and immigration officers in Zanzibar launched the
Zanzibari Government's special anti-trafficking training program. This resulted in training with the
Zanzibari government in June 2007, with a US anti-trafficking expert, of 22 immigration officials. On the
mainland, 332 law enforcement officers received specific anti-trafficking training in 2007. Engagement or
tolerance of trafficking by low-level immigration officials is suspected, but not proven. 
 SOLUTIONS

Tanzania's anti-trafficking law enforcement efforts increased significantly last year as a result of new
police training, unprecedented government funding from the police's Anti-Trafficking Unit, and increased
awareness of trafficking among the Tanzanian law enforcement community. Tanzanian law does not
prohibit all forms of trafficking in persons, and Zanzibar has a separate legal code from mainland
Tanzania. On the mainland, traffickers can be prosecuted under existing laws criminalizing trafficking,
forced labor, child labor and various sexual offenses. In Zanzibar, traffickers can be prosecuted under the
Penal Law which criminalizes kidnapping , kidnapping and slavery. Following a six-month period for
Zanzibar to comment on a national anti-trafficking bill, the Tanzanian Cabinet approved the bill in mid-
January 2008 and introduced it for its first reading in Parliament two weeks later. The bill is then
transferred to the committee for discussion and editing, with Parliamentary votes expected before the end
of 2008. Using existing legislation, the government was actively investigating trafficking cases during the
reporting period; However, there are no known charges or punishments.
The Anti-Trafficking Unit investigates all trafficking leads that are reported to the police by the public or
other law enforcement authorities. The defendant was released on bail while the investigation continued. In
addition, the unit is continuing investigations into the Zanzibari brothel which markets children via the
Internet; This type of cyber crime is new in Tanzania and police are seeking training on how to investigate
this crime.
The Tanzanian police are also working with Interpol to find suspected victims of trafficking in Tanzanians
in South Africa using newly acquired cell phone technology. The April 2007 foreign government-
sponsored "trainer training" program for 18 police and immigration officers in Zanzibar launched the
Zanzibari Government's special anti-trafficking training program. This resulted in training with the
Zanzibari government in June 2007, with a US anti-trafficking expert, of 22 immigration officials. On the
mainland, 332 law enforcement officers received specific anti-trafficking training in 2007. Engagement or
tolerance of trafficking by low-level immigration officials is suspected, but not proven.

-Giving knowledge
To prevent this problem, there is a need for counseling and socialization of the problem to the community. With
continuous socialization, people will know the dangers of this problem, and how to solve it.  

Of course, education is not only given to the upper middle class. The most important thing is the lower class
society. Why? Because human trafficking occurs in many people with a fairly low education class. Education
must be provided in a language that is easier for all levels of society to understand.

Tell others
When we already know this problem and how to solve it, but do not tell others, this problem will not be
resolved. As someone who already knows about it, it is your duty to convey what happened to other people,
especially those that you think have the potential to experience human trafficking. Because, people who are not
aware of this problem do not realize that this may have happened to the people around us.

3. Take an active role to prevent

References

Study Guide MUN