Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas
Iceland
Oral Project
English 3
Presented by:
Laura Valentina Latorre Cabrera 20181025053
Brenda Quiñones
Brayan Nicolás Galindo Moreno 20182573089
Niky Cheesie Zamora Rodríguez 20142015104
Presented to:
Rodrigo Andres Demera Arias
October 1, 2021
Bogotá D.C
INTRODUCTION
What is Iceland? A country that can be entered without a passport.
Iceland opens a friendly door: a stay of less than three months does not require
a passport.
In 1980 Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, according to Icelanders, was the first woman to
be democratically elected president in the world. She traveled to Uruguay and
there she established relationships that implied the elimination of reciprocal
barriers to entry.
PRESENTATION
Iceland is a sovereign country located between North America and Europe, whose territory includes the
island of the same name and some small adjacent islands and islets in the Atlantic Ocean. Its capital is
Reykjavik. It has a population of about 350,000 inhabitants and an area of 103,000 km².
GASTRONOMY
Icelandic gastronomy is a cuisine established on two main aspects, on the one hand fish and on the other
meats (especially lamb). and the use of food preservation in drying (þurrkun) by salting (söltun), smoking
(reyking), marinating and sometimes fermentation (kæsing) is very general.
MAIN INGREDIENTS
FISH
This is the most important ingredient of this gastronomy and one of the strong points of the economy
since it has a strong fishing industry. Fish are prepared in different ways, there are fish soups (Fiskisúpa),
fish balls (Fiskibollur), in salads (such as herring: Síldarsalat), cooked in "crumbs" (Steiktur fiskur í raspi),
in snacks (Grafinn Lax), stewed in the form of stew (Ofnsteiktur fiskur), etc..
MEAT
Meat from livestock does NOT exist. However, the most abundant is lamb. The meat is usually smoked
(Hangikjöt) for better preservation (such as hratt hangikjöt smoked mutton), or in pâtés (Lambakæfa,
lamb pâté).
VEGETABLES
Potatoes are frequently used as an accompaniment to dishes such as mashed potatoes (Kartöflustappa),
or caramelized potatoes (Brúnaðar kartöflur). Some types of cabbage, such as red cabbage, are often
eaten cooked or cured in vinegar (Rauðkál, red cabbage fermented in vinegar). Dishes that include beet
and rhubarb can often be found.
DAIRY
A yogurt-like product called skyr, sometimes used as a dessert with fruit, is often drunk.
DISHES
HÁKARL.
Fermented shark meat. Very popular food on the feast of St. Þorlákur on
December 23.
GRAFLAX.
An appetizer of smoked fish served before meals.
HRÚTSPUNGUR.
A dish based on macerated ram's testicles.
ÞORRAMATUR
selection of different typical Icelandic dishes consumed during the
celebration of Þórrablott.
FISKIBOLLUR.
a kind of fish dumplings.
SVIÐ:
boiled sheep's head, served with mashed potatoes and turnips.
HARÐFISKUR:
wind-dried fish.
LIFRARPYLSA:
liver sausage.
DESSERTS
RANDALÍN:
The randalín is a rich cake formed by layers of cookie.
SKÚFFUKAKA:
It is a kind of Icelandic brownies.
SNÚÐUR:
consists of a cinnamon roll whose dough has cardamom essence.
DRINKS
BRENNIVÍN:
a kind of sugar-free brandy made with mashed potatoes and seasoned with
cumin, caraway and angelica. 40% alcohol content.
REYKA VODKA:
It is a wheat and barley liquor filtered through lava rocks.
FJALLAGRASA MOSS SCHNAPPS:
It consists of a mixture of moss dissolved and soaked in alcohol.
FAMOUS PEOPLE
Iceland has many interesting people, among these singers, literati, athletes and painters. Although
Iceland is an unknowledge country with a strange vocabulary, it has a very famous people (mainly
musicians).
PAINTING
ÁSGRÍMUR JÓNSSON
Ásgrímur Jónsson was a painter of the XIX century, he was recognized for his
paint above the nature and his landscapes of Iceland. He was born in Galtafell
on March 4 of 1876 and die in Reikiavik on 1958. One of his best paintings is
Búkolla, la vaca and Monte Tindafjöll but is not registers of the first. Other
famous paint was Desde Thingvöllum, that painting was inspired with the art
of Vincent van Gogh.
ERRÓ
His true name is Guðmundur Guðmundsson and is a painter. He participated
in the Paris exposition between 1961 and 1966, for his job he received the
award French “Honor Legion”, that award gives the title of chevalier.
In his pictures he uses the movement Art-pop and surrealism, and includes
things of the comics and sci-fi. His brother is the famous writer Ari Trausti
Guðmundsson.
JÓHANNES SVEINSSON K JARVAL
Like Asgrimur he was a painting inspired in the landscapes and the Nordic
mythology. He was born on 1885 and die 1972 in Reikiavik. Besides paint
Iceland’s landscapes, he wrote a book named Grjot (Stone) and on 1958 he was
awarded with the medal Eugenio Prince.
The medal is for the artist that do an extraordinary job and the reward is delivered
in the Real palace of Stockholm.
LITERATURE
HALLDÓR LAXNESS
Halldór Laxness was a poet and famous writer, winner of the Nobel price of
literature on 1955 in honor to revived the narrative in Iceland. He wrote 15 novels
and many articles for the newspapers and short histories.
He died in 1998 for Alzheimer, but on 2004 one biography of him was rewarded
for the best nonfiction work.
MUSIC
BJÖRK GUÐMUNDSDÓTTIR
Her artistic name is only Björk and is the most recognized artist of Iceland. She
is vocalist, composer, actress and writer besides others. She born in Reikiavik
on 1965 and five years after she began study piano, at the age of 15 she was
a professional classical pianist.
In 2013 was victim of assassination attempt, for crazy fan because she did not
answer his letters. After his try the fan was suicided.
SCIENCES
NIELS FINSEN RYBERG
He was a Nobel award for having found the germicide effect in the ultraviolet light
in 1903. In Thórshvan on 1860 born a child that in the future will be a doctor and a
glorious scientific. He developed a lamp that used the voltage arc for the treatment
of the tuberculosis lupus.
One crater of the moon was named in the honor of Niels, the crater Finsen.
HYSTORICS
LEIF ERIKSON
Was an Iceland expeditioner nicknaming the lucky that discover north
America and named Vinland on 999.
An north American actor have the same name and a anime told the
history of these Viking.
FAMOUS PLACES
GOLDEN CIRCLE:
The Gullfoss Waterfall is one of the most spectacular in the world, as it was formed from the rupture of
the tectonic plates in Iceland. The thirty-two meter waterfall creates a strong sound when falling which
makes it much more interesting.
There is also the Thingvellir National Park, where there are two impressive tectonic faults that together
with the volcanic and rocky landscape make this park a wonderful setting.
In my opinion it is something that should be nice to see, but it would scare me because this canyon is
thirty-two meters high! However, I would like to see the volcano, well, I have never seen one.
LANGJÖKULL GLACIER:
It is the second largest glacier in Iceland and is one of the most important sites in this country for the
famous ice cave that can be visited.
This cave was built by man and is three hundred meters long. One of its great attractions is that you can
visit it all year round and appreciate the magic of being inside the glacier by walking through its beautiful
white and blue walls.
I think that I would not go to this place because it is very cold and I hate the cold, but I imagine how our
ancestors did to live there and I am happy to live in Colombia, where it is cold sometimes but there is
aguapanela.
BLUE LAGOON:
This lagoon is the most visited place in Iceland and is the perfect setting for that incredible photo on
Instagram. This impressive hot spring spa has become the natural spa that everyone wants to visit.
In addition to the beautiful surroundings that surround the Blue Lagoon, the delicious temperature of the
water between thirty-seven-thirty-nine degrees and the properties of the mud of the lagoon will take you
to a state of total relaxation.
I have never been to a hot spring and if I would like to go because the color of the water looks very
beautiful and just thinking of hot water I think of the perfect vacation.
BLACK SAND BEACH IN VÍK Í MÝRDAL:
The black sand beaches that can be found in the world are few, and in Iceland it is a must to visit them.
In the south of this country, in Vík í Mýrdal, better known as Vik, is one of the most spectacular black
sand beaches.
Its color is due to the remains of volcanic stone that characterizes Iceland. In addition to its particular
black color, one of the main reasons to visit this Vik beach is the famous Reynisdrangur, three rock
formations that are considered giant rock trolls.
In my opinion it is something very different and incredible, you do not see black sand every day so it is
one of the places that I would visit at some point in my life, I hope it will be soon but I am poor.
LIFESTYLE AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE YOUNGEST
Over the past 20 years, Iceland has dramatically reduced the use of tobacco, drugs and alcohol among
young people. How did you get it? with extracurricular classes or music, dance or art clubs.
Iceland is currently at the top of the European ranking for adolescents with a healthy life style.
I believe that the rest of the world would follow his example and copy his educational system and thus
protect the new generations from excessive consumption of drugs or alcohol.
It is clear that humans want to change their states of consciousness without suffering the collateral effects
of harmful consumption.
By 1992, his Denver team had won a grant of $ 1.2 million. Government dollars to create the Self-
Discovery Project, which offered teens natural ways to get drunk alternatives to narcotics and crime. They
asked the teachers as well as the nurses and school therapists, who sent them students, and included in
the study to 14-year-olds who did not think they needed treatment, but that they had problems with drugs
or minor crimes.
In a very intelligent way they have organized to save money in young generations prone to emotional
decline. Nothing better than new opportunities and a good education to save young people from
depression and other psychological illnesses. In other nations, perhaps the work against drugs and
excessive consumption does not work because they are not based on prevention but on punishment and
penalization.
A group of girls in a gym in Reykjavik
BEING A WOMAN IN ICELAND
On January 1, 2018, Iceland became the first country in the world to officially implement the Equal Pay
for Work of Equal Value Act, a landmark law that requires companies with at least 25 people on payroll,
that they show that they pay men and women equally, if they do not want to expose themselves to a fine.
On October 24, 2016, women left their jobs to take to the streets and demand equal rights and working
conditions, as well as the end of gender violence, under the slogan "Let's not change women, let's change
society”.
In other parts of the world, the lowest salaries are trades such as educators, early childhood
professionals, and nurses, trades mostly held by women.
In Colombia, the general wage gap between men and women, according to the average, is 12.9% for the
year 2019; What really determines the pay gap is the maternity gap, discrimination, and stereotypes.
On October 24, 2016, thousands of female employees across Iceland left their jobs at 2:38 p.m. in protest due
to the fact that their wages were lower than men's
