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Sample Problems On Finding The Probabilities Using The Area Under Standard Normal Curve

This document provides 3 sample problems and solutions for calculating probabilities using the standard normal distribution. 1) The first problem calculates the probability that a light bulb burns between 400 and 434.4 hours given its lifetime is normally distributed with mean 400 hours and standard deviation of 20 hours. 2) The second problem finds the percentage of loaves of bread shorter than 23cm given the average length is 25cm and standard deviation is 2cm. 3) The third problem determines the probability that a business' daily revenue is less than 1,026,000 Rupiah given its revenue is normally distributed with mean 800,000 Rupiah and standard deviation of 200,000 Rupiah.

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95 views2 pages

Sample Problems On Finding The Probabilities Using The Area Under Standard Normal Curve

This document provides 3 sample problems and solutions for calculating probabilities using the standard normal distribution. 1) The first problem calculates the probability that a light bulb burns between 400 and 434.4 hours given its lifetime is normally distributed with mean 400 hours and standard deviation of 20 hours. 2) The second problem finds the percentage of loaves of bread shorter than 23cm given the average length is 25cm and standard deviation is 2cm. 3) The third problem determines the probability that a business' daily revenue is less than 1,026,000 Rupiah given its revenue is normally distributed with mean 800,000 Rupiah and standard deviation of 200,000 Rupiah.

Uploaded by

Emil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SAMPLE PROBLEMS ON FINDING THE PROBABILITIES

USING THE AREA UNDER STANDARD NORMAL CURVE

Introductory notes:
Throughout this paper,
1. L denotes the area of the shape in green.
2. P stands for “Probability”

Sample problems and solutions


1. An electrical firm manufactures light bulbs that have a length of life that is normally distributed
with mean equal to 400.0 hours and a standard deviation of 20.0 hours. Find the probability
that a bulb burns between 400.0 and 434.4 hours.

Answer:

In this case, μ = 400,0 hours, σ = 20,0 hours. If X denotes the lengths of life of the bulbs, then
what is questioned here is P[400.0 hours < X < 434.4 hours]. It can be illustrated as follows.

𝑥−𝜇
Perform the transformation 𝑧 = 𝜎 . There will be two z’s here, i.e. z1 and z2. As x1 = 400.0
hours and x2 = 434.4 hours, we get z1 and z2 as follows:
400.0−400.0 434.4−400.0
𝑧1 = 20.0
= 0 and 𝑧2 = 20.0
= 1.72.
Then P[400.0 hours < X < 434.4 hours] = P[0 < Z < 1.72] = 0.4573 (See the figure below.)

Therefore, the probability that the bulb burns between 400.0 and 434.4 hours is 0.4573.

2. The loaves of bread distributed to local stores by a certain bakery have an average length of 25
cm and a standard deviation of 2 cm. Assuming that the lengths are normally distributed, what
percentage of the loaves are shorter than 23 cm?

Answer:
In this case, μ = 25 cm, σ = 2 cm. If X denotes the lengths of the loaves produced by the bakery,
then the question is P[X < 23 cm]. It can be illustrated as follows.
𝑥−𝜇 23−25
Carry out the transformation 𝑧 = 𝜎 . Accordingly, 𝑧 = 2 = −1 .
Then we have: P[X < 23 cm] = P[Z < -1] = 0.5 – 0.3413 = 0.1587. (See the following figure.)

So, 15.87% of the loaves are shorter than 23 cm.

3. The daily revenue of a small business follows a normal distribution with a mean of Rp 800
thousand and a standard deviation of Rp 200 thousand. What is the probability the business’ daily
revenue is less than Rp 1,026,000?

Answer:
In this case, μ = Rp 800,000, σ = Rp 200,000. If X is the daily revenue of the business then the
question is P[X < Rp 1,026,000]. It can be illustrated as follows.

𝑥−𝜇 1026000−800000
Perform the transformation 𝑧 = 𝜎 . Consequently, 𝑧 = 200000
= 1.13 .
Then, P[X < Rp 1,026,000] = P[Z < 1.13] = 0.5 + 0.3708 = 0.8708. (See the figure below.)

So, the probability the business’ daily revenue is less than Rp 1,026,000 is 0.8708.

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