GE 3
GE 3 – THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
The Contemporary
World
GE 3
The Contemporary
World
Module
RONA JANE ROA SANCHEZ, LPT
GE 3 Instructor
MODULE 1
SHEILA MAE D. ASUELA
Student’s Name
Prepared by:
RONA
BSED-SCIENCE JANE R. SANCHEZ, LPT
GE1
INSTRUCTOR
Course
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GE 3 – THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
MODULE 1
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF GLOBALIZATION
OVERVIEW
This course will introduce you to the contemporary world by examining the multifaced
phenomenon of globalization. Using the various disciplines of the social sciences, social,
political, technological, and other transformation that have created an increasing awareness of
the interconnectedness of peoples and places around the globe. To this end, the course will also
provide you an overview of the various debates in global governance, development, and
sustainability. Beyond exposing the student to the world outside the Philippines, it seeks to
inculcate a sense of global citizenship and global ethical responsibility.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
1. share a personal definition of globalization
2. describe the nature of globalization
3. differentiate competing conception of globalizations; and
4. synthesize and agree on a working definition of globalization for the
course Keywords: Globalization, economic activity, trade, cultural exchange
EXPECTATIONS
In this lesson, you will be exposed to the concept of globalization and how it affects the
economic status of a particular nation or state. You are going to critic news reports discussing
about the emergence and role of globalization in the process of global development. Look for an
updated news reports or article as your sample. Hence, you will be aware of the recent changes
of the world. The textbooks that you have received will be helpful to you during our online
interaction and when you answer the tasks in the module.
DISCUSSION
The first concept that you are going to encounter is the definition of the word
Globalization. But how do you understand the word itself. Try the activity below using your own
interpretation of the word at the center.
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GLOBALIZATION
It can make our economy Our cross-boarder of goods
grow. and services.
It increases the interactions
between different regions It can spread of technology
and populations around the and innovation.
globe.
Later, let us see if the words you have written in the boxes are closely associated on the main
concept.
Below, is the nature of globalization which are all significant as we go through with the
discussion on globalization.
NATURE OF GLOBALIZATION
1. Liberalization. It stands for freedom of the entrepreneurs to establish any industry or
trade or business venture, within their own countries or abroad.
2. Free trade. It stands for free flow of trade relations among all the nations. Each state
grants (most favored nations) status to other states and keeps its business and trade away
from excessive and hard regularly and protective regimes.
3. Globalization of Economic Activity. Economic activities are to be governed both by
the domestic market and also the world market. It stands for the process of integrating the
domestic economy with world economies.
4. Liberalization of Import-Export System. It stands for liberating the import-export
activity and securing a free flow of goods and services across borders.
5. Privatization. Keeping the state away from ownership of means of reproduction and
distribution and letting the free flow of industrial, trade and economic activity across
borders.
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6. Increased Collaborations. Encouraging the process of collaborations among the
entrepreneurs with a view to secure rapid modernization, development and technological
advancement.
7. Economic Reforms. Encouraging fiscal and financial reforms with a view to give
strength to free world trade, free enterprise, and market forces.
ACTIVITY
Give your viewpoints on the two conditions about the meaning of globalization to
you. Write your answer by giving a brief explanation out of the given statements.
The formation of a global village
Global village as described as the world is like a village because of the close
connections between countries of the world as a result of communication and
transportation technologies.
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Economic globalization
An integration of national economies into the international economy through trade,
foreign direct investment, capital flows, migration, and the spread of technology.
Although globalization is generally viewed favorably, it is also increase the
vulnerability of a country to economic conditions of the other country
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ACTIVITY
You will notice that the world continues its developments towards human interactions and
movements. From there, list down some signs of globalizations observable to you in our
contemporary time.
SIGNS OF GLOBALIZATION
1. Development of global telecommunications infrastructure
2. The labor-cost arbitrage becomes less important
3. Increasing unemployment rate
4. Cultural exchange
5. Global issues related to economy
6. Increasing of Tourism development
On the other side of defining globalization, here are two terms that you need to distinguish.
Both are helpful as you continue to learn the lesson.
Anti-Globalization
Many anti globalism activists see globalization as the promotion of a Corporatist agenda,
which is intent om constructing the freedoms of individuals in the name or profit. They also claim that
increasing autonomy and strength of corporate entities increasingly shape the political policy of
nation-states. Globalization imposes credit-based economics, resulting in unsuitable growth of debt
and debt crises.
Pro-Globalization
Supporters of free trade point out those economic theories such as comparative advantage
suggests that free trade leads to a more efficient allocation of resources, with all those involved in the
trade benefiting. In general, they claim that this leads to lower prices, more employment and better
allocation of resources.
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The Philippines itself is part of globalization so with any countries around the world. Though we are just a
small nation we take all the challenges and contribute to global progress. If you are listening or reading news
reports, the gradual progress of our country now could be categorized as part of globalization.
ACTIVITY
Do this activity below to support the idea that globalization has been contributing to the
country’s economic status. Write in sentences or paragraph form.
What are the contributions of globalization to our country’s economic status?
Globalization plays a significant role in the interconnections among countries around the world,
especially when it comes to the economy. Through globalization our economic status is growing.
Globalizations helps our country to exports our goods and services in foreign exchange in free trade.
And with the help of globalizations the demand of employment in other country also helps in our
economic status. Globalization increases the interconnectedness among countries. The prosperous
economic development that is typically gained because of the increased interconnectedness among
countries usually results in a better standard of living, and an overall improved quality of life. The
successful economic development of a nation hinges on its ability to globalize. Given that the
international integration of national economies has such a profound effect, globalization plays a central
role in determining the future of the world. Therefore, globalization is really have a big contribution to
our economic status.
Examples of Globalization
Cultural globalization- refers to the interpretation of cultures which, as a consequence, means
nations adopt principles, beliefs, and costumes of other nations, losing their unique culture to a
unique, globalized supra-culture.
Economic globalization- is the development of trade systems within transnational actors
such as corporations or NGO’s.
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Industrial Globalization- Every country in the world is moving towards specialization
may be referred to as the phenomenon of producing only that product in which the
country has competitive advantage in terms of cost. For example, Singapore specializes
in pharmaceutical while the US specializes in military equipment.
Therefore, the counties exchange their industrial products, which is known as trade, and
fulfill the requirements of their people. Every country of the world today is involved in
trade and is depended on some other country one way or the other. The US is the biggest
economy in the world and even that is depended on other countries for many of its needs.
Hence the industries of the whole world today are considered to be working not for their
native countries but for the world as a whole.
Financial Globalization- can be linked with the rise of a global financial system with
international financial exchanges and monetary exchanges. Stock markets, for instance,
are a great example of the financially connected global world since when one stock
market has a decline, it affects other markets negatively as a whole.
Social Globalization- Refers to the sharing of ideas and information between and
through different countries. In today’s world, the internet and social media is at the heart
of this. Good examples of social globalization could have included internationally
popular films, books, and TV series. The Harry Potter/ Twilight films and books have
been successful all over the world, making the characters featured globally recognizable.
However, this cultural flow tends to flow from the center (i.e. from developed countries
such as the USA to less developed countries). Social globalization is often criticized for
eroding cultural differences.
Ecological Globalization- accounts for the idea of considering planet Earth as a single
global entity – a common good all societies should protect since the weather affects
everyone and we are all protected by the same atmosphere. To this regard, it is often said
that the poorest countries who have been polluting the least will suffer the most from
climate change.
Political Globalization- the development and growing influence of international
organizations such as the UN or WHO means governmental action takes place at an
international level.
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Technological Globalization- the phenomenon by which millions of people are
interconnected thanks to the power of the digital world via flatforms such as facebook,
Instagram, skype or Youtube
Geographic Globalization – is the new organization and hierarchy of different regions
of the world that s constantly changing. Moreover, with transportation and flying made so
easy and affordable, apart from a few countries with demanding visas, it is possible to
travel the world without barely any restrictions
LEARNING SUMMARY
Complete the table on the advantages and disadvantages of globalization in general. Consider
the global changes happening now.
Advantag Disadvantag
es es
● Economic Growth ● Unequal economic growth
● Increased Global Cooperation ● Exploits cheaper labor markets
● Cultural Interchange ● Trade Imbalance
● Increase Standard of Living ● Increasing of the Unemployment rate
● Better service ● Causes job displacement
● Transfer of Technology ● Environmental Loots
● Lower costs for products ● Increased Competition
● Lack of local businesses
● Market diffusion
● The extent of communication
● Transfer of Technology
● Access to new market
● Easier to communicate throughout
the boundaries
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REFLECTION
After a thorough discussion and understanding of the lessons, write a
comprehensive response about the concept and impact of globalization
1. Has globalization gone too far, not far enough, or has it been
heading in the wrong direction?
I think globalization has gone too far because there are some cases where there is
inequality. Though globalization creates many opportunities for hundreds of millions of people.
But the gap between richest and poorest countries is widening and inequality within many
countries is increasing. One way of globalisation increases inequality is through the effects of
increasing the specialisation and trade. Higher-skilled labor has more advantage of increasing
wages rather than the low-skilled labor which has fewer opportunities. In this case, poverty is
rampant in poor countries when it compares to rich countries because they are increasing the
imports of manufactured goods by the use of predominantly low-skilled labor from developing
countries. In other cases, globalization leads to increased competition, creating more winners
and losers in the marketplace. Therefore, globalization is good in a way that is interconnected
in business around the world but somehow this can be the reason for inequality.
2. Is "globalization" another word for Americanization? Explain.
No, globalization is not Americanization because they are not the same when it comes
to influences. Globalization makes the world interconnected and influences it in many aspects.
It makes people and businesses connected across the world that eventually leads to global
cultural, political and even economic integration. In addition, globalization influences the
spreading of products, technology, information, jobs across national borders and cultures. In
economic terms, globalization is described as an interdependence of nations around the globe
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fostered through free trade. Unlike Americanization, it is the impact of one nation which is the
United States of America on the rest of the world. The nation of the United States is as
dependent on other countries as they are on it. Americanization is the influence of American
culture and business on other countries outside the United States, including their media,
cuisine, business practices, popular culture, technology or political techniques.
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REFERENCES
Dacles, Darwin Don M. & Maslang, Kenneth L. (2018), The
Contemporary World. Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya: SMU Publishing
House
Haywood, A. Politics. London: Palgrave Mcmillan.2012
Claudio, L. & Abinales, P.(2018). The Contemporary World. C&E Publishing, Inc
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