The Fundamental Teachings of Islam

Islam as a Deen and Religion

Deen is an Arabic word; meaning,

1. Power, suzerainty, and control

2. Obedience and submission
3. Compensation and atonement
4. Way of life, rule of conduct and ideology

Deen means way of life, rule of conduct and ideology when Allah said in the Qur'an, Inna deena
indaLlahil Islam: Verily, the true religion in the sight of Allah is Islam.

Islam: salam (peace) & silm (surrender, submission)

 complete submission & obedience to the will of Allah

 be at peace with the Creator and with all that has been created by Him
 to create & cultivate in man the quality and attitude of Islam

Iman: to know, to believe or to be convinced beyond the least shadow of doubt

 rendered in English as faith

 firm belief arising out of knowledge and conviction
 Mu'min (faithful): knows & reposes himself unshakable belief in Allah
 the indispensable essential or starting point

A tree cannot sprout forth without its seed, in the same way it is not possible for a man who has
no belief to start with, to become a Muslim.

i'san: perfection; believe in God as if you see Him even though you dont see Him

shariah: a path or a way; Islamic law: legal system derived from the Qur'an

Six Articles of Faith

1. Belief in Allah (Al Imanu Billah)

 The most fundamental and most important teaching of Prophet Muhammad is faith in the
Oneness of Allah.
 requires complete trust and hope in God, in submission to His will and reliance on His aid
 secures dignity and saves one from fear and despair, from guilt and confusion

2. Belief in All His Angels (Al Imanu bi Malaa-ikatihi)

 The Angels are the spiritual creatures of Allah; created of light and endowed with life,
speech and reason
 Jibreel, Mikaael, Israfeel, Izraeel, Ridhwaan, Maalik, Raqiib, Atheed, Munkar, Nakir

3. Belief in All His Books (Al Imanu bi Kutubihi)

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  Allah revealed commandments and codes of religious (kutub) to diff Messengers at diff
stages of history for the guidance of mankind.
 Reveal Books (Kutub)
1. Tawrah (Torah) - Prophet Musa/Moses
2. Zabur (Psalms) - Prophet Dawud/David
3. Injil (Gospel) - Prophet 'Isa/Jesus
4. Qur'an - Prophet Muhammad
 The laws and teachings in Tawrah, Zabur and Injil have undergone changes revealed by the
Qur'an.
 The Qur'an is the last scripture from Allah; contains all instructions, laws and all matters
concerning the relation between the Creator and the Creature (ibadah) and between man
and man (mu'amalah)

4. Belief in All His Messengers/Prophets (Al Imanu bi Rusulihi)

 at diff ages of history, He sent Prophets as Messengers for the guidance of mankind
 they are ideal models for mankind and teach them the Commands of Allah
 based on tradition, there were 124,000 Prophets
 Adam, Idris, Nuh, Hud, Salih, Ibrahim, Lut, Ismail, Ishaq, Ya'qub, Yusoph, Yunus, Ayyub,
Shu'aib, Harun, Musa, Alyasa'
 Prophet Muhammad: the highly praised; prophethood is Universal, last and seal of all
Prophets; sent to all lands and all nations to proclaim the Divine Message of Allah
 Allah says, “He (Muhammad) is the Messenger of God and the last of the Prophets” (Surah
Al-Ahzab: 40)

5. Belief in the Day of Judgement (Al Imanu bil Yawmil Akhir)

 Qiyamah
 all who had lived in the world since its inception will be restored to life and will be
presented before Allah
 those successful in this judgement will proceed to Jannah and those who aren't will be sent
to Nar

6. Belief in Measurement of Good and Evil (Al Imanu bil Qadari Khayrihi wa Sharihi Minallahi
Ta'alaa)

 the power of doing good or bad actions from Allah and Allah alone
 draws the line between what is God's concern and what is man's responsibility

Pillars of Islam (Arkaanul Islam)

1. Shahadah (testifying or declaration of two kalimah shahadah)

2. Salah (observing prayer five times a day)
3. Zakah (distribution of zakat or poor due)
4. Sawm (fasting during the month of ramadhan)
5. Hajj (pilgrimage to mecca)
 shahdatayn: declaration of the oneness of Allah and Prophethood of Muhammad
o ilah means one who is worshipped

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 o La ilaha illallah = There is no ilah other that the One Great Being known by the
name Allah.
o second testimony refers to the declaration that Prophet Muhammand is the
Messenger of Allah

'Ibadah (Worship)

 ‘Ibadah = ’Abd (slave) and it means submission

 all activities are 'ibadah if they are in accordance with the law of God and the ultimate
objective is to seek the pleasure of Allah
 the pillars on which the edifice of Islam rests

Salah (Prayer)

 Salah is an Arabic word which means du'a

 aims to think of God, to have a pure heart, to take care of the body and clothes, overcome
evil desires, and to be a good-natured and decent person in all aspects
 ensure moral, spiritual and material advantages
 arouses in Muslims a sense of collective unity and fosters national fraternity

Zakah (Poor Due)

 means purification
 used to express a portion of property bestowed in alms as a sanctification of the remainder
to the proprietor.
 obligatory on all Muslim who have had in their possession for one complete year property
which has reached nisaab
 importance lies in the fact that it fosters the quality of sacrifice and rids individuals of
selfishness and plutolatry

Siyam (Sawm)

 acts of abstaining from eating, drinking, voluntary vomiting; allowing anything to enter
what is understood as the interior of the body of an organism, or emission of semen, sexual
intercourse from break of dawn till the sunset
 inculcates in the faithful strengthens faith; rigor and discipline brings the faithful face to
face with the realities of life and helps to make life, a life of true subservience to His Will
 emphasizes equality and thus goes a long way towards creating in them sentiments of love
and brotherhood

Hajj (Pilgrimage)

 literally means taking oneself to a person or a place

 taking oneself at a particular time to Mecca to perform devotional acts
 incumbent on all Muslim who possess ability and are capable of venturing upon a journey
to Mecca
 during hajj, one is required to suppress his passions, refrain from bloodshed and be pure in
word and deed

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 Muslims must converge, meet and discuss topics of common interest, create and refresh the
faith that all Muslims are equal and deserve the love and sympathy of others, irrespective
of their geographical or cultural origin

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