PAST YEAR QUESTIONS

LAND LAW

QUESTION 12 MARKS

1. Who is a cultivating tenant? Mention the circumstances in which the cultivating tenant
is not entitled to the restoration of possession under the Tamilnadu Cultivating Tenant
Act,1955.**
2. What matters should be considered and neglected in determining compensation under
the Land Acquisition Act,1894.*
3. State the objects and salient features of that TN Land Reforms(fixation of ceiling on
land)Act,1961.
4. Examine the scope and object of TN Occupants of Kudiyiruppu(Conferment of
Ownership)Act,1971.
5. State t he characteristics of ryotwari system. What are the rights and obligations of the
ryotwari pattadar?
6. Explain the procedures to be followed by the collecter in holding enquiry and making an
award. What is the effect of that award?
7. Examine how the state land reform legislations are protected from challenge under the
constitution.
8. Explain the factors to be considered for fixing fair rent under the TN Buildings(lease and
rent control) Act,1960.
9. Enumerate the matters to be considered by the court in determining the compensation
under the LARR Act,2013.
10. Summarise the provisions relating to fixation of ceiling on land holdings under section 5
of the TN Land Reforms(fixation of ceiling on land)Act,1961.
11. Explain the benefit conferred on the cultivating tenants through the TN Cultivating
tenants(special provisions) Act,1968 and the TN Cultivating Tenants Arrears of Rent
Relief Act,1972.
12. What is the legal position of right to property under the Constitution of India. Cite
relevant cases.*
13. Discuss fully the procedure to be followed in the publication of preliminary notification
and public notice of the substance of notification.**
14. Explain the provisions of TN Land Reforms (fixation of ceiling on land)Act,1961,
regarding acquisition of surplus land required for a public purpose along with the
exemptions to hold land beyond ceiling limits.
15. Summarise the provisions under the TN Occupants of kudiyiruppu Act,1971. What is the
requisite for alternative site?
 16. The notification under section 4 is the starting point of the acquisition. Explain this
statement highlighting its significance.
17. Examine the protection given to a cultivating tenant against eviction under the TN
Cultivating tenants Protection Act,1955.
18. Describe the provisions of the TN Buildings(lease and rent control)Act,1960 for fixing fair
rent.
19. Give an account of Zamindari system that existed during the British period and explain
the steps taken in the direction of its abolition and conversion into ryotwari system.
20. Explain the origin and development of various land systems in India.
21. Examine the objects and reasons for enacting the TN Land Reforms (fixation of ceiling on
land)Act,1961 and its salient features.
22. What is meant by kudiyiruppu? What are the conditions to be satisfied in order to get
the ownership of kudiyiruppu.
23. Discuss the salient features of the TN Builidings (lease and rent control)Act,1960.
24. What are the matters to be taken into consideration and neglected in determination of
compensation.
25. “Was the guaranteed right to property a road block in the path of agrarian reforms”.
Discuss in the light of the relevant constitutional amendments.*
26. Discuss in detail the following grounds of eviction under the TN Buildings(lease and rent
control)Act,1960.*
i) Sub letting.
ii) Denial of title.
iii) Demolition and reconstruction.
27. Explain the provisions of the TN Land Reforms (fixation of ceiling on land)Act,1961
regarding acquisition of surplus land required for public purpose.*
28. Summarise the provisions under the TN Cultivating Tenants Protection Act,1955 relating
to cultivating tenants right to restoration of possession and special privileges conferred
on member of armed forces.
29. How is fair rent determined under the provisions of the TN Buildings(lease and rent
control)Act,1960?
30. (a) Explain the provisions relating to determination of the amount for the land acquired
by the govt. under the TN Land reforms (fixation of ceiling on land)Act,1961.
(b) when is partition or transfer valid under this Act?
31. Explain the various tenures that prevailed in our country before independence.
32. How is fair rent fixed under the TN Buildings (lease and rent control)Act,1960?
33. Explain the essential requirements to be followed by the land acquisition officer before
passing an award.

PART – B
1) Define ‘building’ under the TN Buildings (Lease and Rent Control) Act, 1960
2) Describe the provisions relating to TN Cultivating Tenants (Payment of Fair Rent) Act,
1956
3) What are the conditions to be satisfied for acquisition of land for a company?
4) Explain the provisions relating to constitution of the TN Land Reforms Special Appellate
Tribunal *
5) Discuss the salient features of TN Agricultural Lands record of Tenancy Rights Act, 1969
6) The TN Cultivating Tenants Arrears of Rent (Relief) Act, 1972
7) Define cultivating tenant and state the protection available to him under the TN
Cultivating Tenants Protection Act, 1955 **
8) Discuss the salient features of the TN occupants of Kudiyiruppu and Conferment of
Ownership Act, 1971.
9) Discuss the special privileges conferred on members of Armed Forces *
10) Salient features of the TN cultivating Tenants (Payment of Fair Rent) Act, 1956 [like q.3]
11) ‘Right to property is not a fundamental Right’ – Explain
12) Describe the salient features of TN Cultivating Tenants Special Provision Act, 1968
13) Explain the provisions relating to providing alternative site to the occupant of
kudiyiruppu
14) State the powers of record officer
15) Discuss the scope and applicability of the TN Buildings (Lease and Rent Control) Act,
1960
16) Under what circumstances a landlord can seek to evict a cultivating tenant under the TN
Cultivating Tenants Protection Act, 1955.
17) State and explain the object of the TN Agricultural Lands Record of Tenancy Rights Act,
1969. What are its salient features? [like q.5]
18) Salient features of The TN Cultivating Tenants Arrears of Rent (Relief) Act, 1972 [like q.6]
*
19) State the characteristic features of the Ryotwari System.
20) Explain beneficial tenures that prevailed in TN. How were they classified?
21) What are the privileges conferred on a member of the armed forces under the TN
Cultivating Tenants Protection Act, 1955?
22) What are the rights and liabilities of cultivating tenants and land owners under the TN
Cultivating Tenants (Payment of Fair Rent) Act, 1956?
23) Discuss the constitution of the TN land reforms special Appellate Tribunal *
24) Summarise the provisions relating to the TN occupants of Kudiyiruppu (protection from
eviction) Act, 1961. *
25) Discuss the procedure followed by the record officer in preparation of record of tenancy
rights under the TN Agricultural Lands Record of Tenancy Rights Act, 1969.
26) Mention the category of lands exempted under the TN Land Reforms (Fixation of Ceiling
on Land) Act, 1961.
Part c

1. Record officer under tamil nadu agriculture lands record of tenancy rights act , 1969
2. Kairuvaramdar and mattuvaramdar
3. Cultivating tenant
4. Draft assessment roll
5. Notification under sec 4 og the land acquisition act
6. Rent controller
7. Mirasi tenure
8. Advisory committee
9. Ceiling area
10. Additional accommodation
11. Public purpose
12. Land board
13. Right to property
14. Agricultural labourer
15. Ryotwari system
16. Fixation of fair rent
17. Res judicata in rent control proceedings
18. Determination of amount
19. Personal occupation
20. The zamindari system
21. Authorised officer
22. Kuidyiruppu
23. Authorised officer
24. Amenities
25. Eminent domain
26. Inam
27. Demolition and reconstruction
28. Rent court and rent tribunal
29. Award
30. Melwaram and kudiwaram
31. Statutory tenant
32. Draft assessment roll
33. Service inam
 34. Kaiaeru varamdarer and mettu varamdarer
35. Special appellate tribunal
36. Alternative site
37. Family
38. Special powers to acquire land in case of emergency
39. Controller
40. Person interested
41. Wilful default
42. Composite leases

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

QUESTIONS 12marks

1. Discuss the effects of TRIPS agreement on Indian Patent Law.

2. Discuss surrender, revocation and restoration of Patent.
3. Discuss the civil and criminal remedies available for copyright infringement.
4. “The impact of Doha Declaration on Indian pharmaceutical industry is much positive”-
discuss.
5. Examine, whether “sui generis” plant variety protection is much effective in protecting
plant varieties in India.
6. Enumerate, the salient features of the Semiconductor Integrated Circuits and Layout
Designs Act,2000.
7. What are the salient features of patent? “compulsory license of patent is a tool to
prevent abuse of monopoly”- comment.
8. Explain in detail the various exceptions that are available under the Indian Copyright
(Amendment ) Act.
9. Examine the powers and functions of the registrar of trademarks to distinguish what
marks are registrable and non-registrable under the Trade Marks Act.
10. Explain with case law, the circumstances in which a trade mark is deceptively similar to
another trade mark.***
11. Give a brief summary of the WTO dispute settlement panel’s reports on Indian patent
protection for Pharmaceutical and agricultural chemical products. *
12. Discuss the law relating to trade secrets and confidential information.
13. Describe the theories in association with IPR protection.****
14. Explain the concept of “originality” with the support of decided case laws.****
15. Enumerate the registration procedures of design under Industrial Designs Act,2000****
16. Discuss the effects of TRIPS agreement on Patent, Trade Mark, Designs and Copyrights
law in India.*
17. “Compulsory license is a tool to prevent abuse of monopoly”- examine with relevant
provisions of Patent Act for Compulsory license.*
18. Define Trade Mark. Explain as to what marks are registrable and non-registrable under
the Trade Marks Act.*
19. Enumerate the objects and achievements of TRIPS agreement in developing
countries.***
20. “Complete specification is a technical as well as legal document”-explain.****
21. Enumerate the salient features of the Indian Trade Marks Act,1999.****
22. Discuss the absolute and relative grounds for the refusal of registration of Trade
Marks.***
23. “The rights of the patentee are not absolute, the Patent Act has imposed certain
limitations on the exercise of the rights”-explain.***
24. “In case of trade secret “non-disclosure” is a matter of right”- elucidate.***
25. State the implications of recent judicial decisions on pharmaceutical patents in India.***
26. Explain the concept of “Reverse passing off” and state the problems faced by
enforcement agencies in identifying the same.***
27. Discuss the need for reversal of burden of proof for the process patent
infringements.***
28. Discuss the legal and ethical involved in patenting life forms.***
29. Digital rights management is essential for online copyright infringement. Elucidate.***
30. Explain the concept of deceptive similarity and state its relevance for trade mark
infringement cases.***
31. Enumerate the implications of TRIPS agreement in Indian agricultural industry.*
32. “Compulsory license is a tool to check abuse of monopoly in the patent system”- discuss
33. Explain the concepts of ‘distinctiveness’, ‘inherent distinctiveness’ and ‘distinctiveness
character acquired through’ with the support of decided cases.
34. Explain the “Doctrine of Equivalents” with the help of judicial interpretations.
35. Discuss the defences available in the case of copyright infringement.***
36. Describe the powers and functions of dispute settlement body of WTO in relation with
the enforcement of intellectual property rights.
37. Explain the various kinds of intellectual property and point out their differences.
38. Examine the provisions relating to ‘Exclusive marketing rights’ and grant of ‘Compulsory
licenses’ under the Patents Act in India.
39. Distinguish between an ‘infringement’ action and ‘passing off’ under the Trade Marks
Act. Refer to decided cases.
 40. What are the changes brought by TRIPS agreement on intellectual property rights in
India.
41. Define patent? Mention inventions that are patentable and not patentable.
42. Copyright law does not protect ideas, only expressions of ideas are protected- elucidate.
43. Explain the concept neighbouring rights in copyright regime.
44. “The TRIPS agreement has contributed to harmonise the laws relating to IPR in India to a
great extent”- examine.
45. Explain the term compulsory licensing and point out the procedure to acquire
compulsory license under Patent law.
46. Define copyright. Enumerate the salient features of the copyright Act,1957. What
changes have been incorporated in 1994 and 1999.
47. Explain the significance of “well known mark” in India.
48. Describe the implications of the Novartis V. Union of India on the concept of Ever
Greening of Patent in India.
49. “The requirement of originality is so minimal for copyright protection”- discuss this
statement with the help of cases.
50. Explain the significance of “non-disclosure agreement” in relation to trade secret
protection.
51. Discuss the constitution and functions of Intellectual Property Appellate Board.
52. Explain the meaning and concept of intellectual property and the need for the
protection against unfair competition.*
53. Discuss the works in which copyright subsists and state the rights of a copyright owner.*
54. Explain the concept behind protection of trademarks from the point of commerce and
consumer rights.*
55. What are the salient features of patent? Explain the procedure for acquisition of
patent.**
56. Examine the importance of TRIPS agreement in providing minimum protection for IPR.
57. State the powers, duties and functions of the controller of patents.
58. Explain the concept of passing off and state its relevance in trade mark protection.
59. Discus the salient features of the Paris Convention,1961.
60. State the importance of claims construction in patent system by referring to various
theories.
61. Examine the recent amendments to copyright legislation in India.

Part B

1. What is meant by deceptive similarity ? discuss the law relating to deceptive similarity
with cases
2. State the procedure of registration of geographical indications and the effect of
registration
3. Discuss the rights of plant breeders and farmers
4. Explain the scope of copy right in digital technology
5. Discuss the concept of distinctiveness with judicial contribution
6. Explain the criteria of novelty and originality in respect of design protection
7. State the remedies for piracy of industrial design
8. Functions , structure, origin and power of WTO
9. “ a patent is a grant conferring certain monopoly rights, but those rights are not
absolute” discuss
10. Defence available to the accused under the trade mark law
11. Explain the remedies against infringement of copyright
12. Objectives and achievements of world IP office
13. Rights of broadcasting organisation under the copyright act
14. Remedies available for infringement of trade mark
15. “an action for passing off a common law remedy” examine
16. Features of the geographical indications of goods (registration and protection ) act 1999
17. Diff btw patent and trade secret
18. Concept of fair use with cases
19. TRIPS agreement only provides for minimum protection of IP – elucidate
20. Explain the changing dimension of ISP liability in india and globally for eradicating digital
piracy
21. Explain the registration procedure for industrial design under the industrial design act
22. State the important steps need to be followed while drafting claims in a patent
specification
23. Role, powers and fyn of IP appellate board
24. Discuss the protection rendered to trade secret and confidential information in india
25. State the criteria and procedure for acquiring GI protection in india
26. Explain the concept of moral rights under copyright system
27. The rights of the patentee is subjected to certain restrictions – discuss
28. The salient features of the semi conductor integrated circuits layout design act 2000
29. Explain copyright protecting for dramatic and musical works
30. Explain the law relating to industrial design
31. Fyn of TM
32. Why should industrial design be protected as an IP
33. What acts constitute infringement of patent
34. Enumerate the grounds for obtaining compulsory license in respect to patent according
to the patent act
35. Important function of copyright societies
36. Describe the concept of deceptive similarity with the help of judicial contributions
37. Define TM what marks are registrable and not under the TM act
38. Explain the scope of assignment and transmission of industrial designs
39. Explain about national treatment and most favoured nation treatment under TRIPS
40. Enumerate the fyn of copyright board
41. Discuss the relative grounds for refusal of registration for trade mark
42. Explain the rights conferred on the farmer under the protection of plant varieties and
farmers rights act
43. Discuss the concept of compulsory license in the context of pharmaceutical inventions
44. State the remedies for piracy of industrial design
45. Discuss the law relating to trade secrets and confidential information
46. What are the grounds of opposition that can be raised against granting of a patent right

Part c
1. Appellate board
2. Need to protect ipr
3. Patent agents
4. Assignment of copyright
5. Complete specification
6. Copyright in design
7. Anticipation
8. Moral rights
9. Well known marks
10. Rome convention
11. Trade secret protection plan
12. Benefit sharing
13. Most favoured nation treatment
14. Specification
15. Pith and marrow
16. Passing off action
17. Anton piller order
18. Nayoga protocol
19. Lay observer test
20. Copyright society
21. Distinctiveness
22. Defences under industrial design
23. Copyright board
24. Paris convention
25. Colourable imitation
26. Concurrent registration
27. Domain name
28. Claim interpretation
29. Patent law treaty
30. Collective marks
31. Patents addition
32. Trade secret
33. False trade description
34. Copyright in computer software
35. Patent in comp software
36. Originality vs novelty
37. Transborder reputation
38. National treatment
39. All element test
40. Patent cooperation treaty
41. Geographical indications
42. Copyleft
43. Process and product patent
44. Paris convention 1883
45. Honest and concurrent user
46. John doe order
47. Controller of patents
48. Absolute novelty and relative novelty
49. Exclusive market rights
50. Smell marks
51. Reverse passing off
52. Creative commons
53. Industrial design
54. Patent on life forms
55. Piracy of design
56. IP appellate board
57. Confidential info
58. Registered users under TM act
59. Unjustified threats under the TM act
60. Defensive registration
61. Deceptive similarity
62. Passing off action
 63. Government use of invention
64. Spring board doctrine
65. Patentin
66. g gene sequences
67. Assignment of copyright
68. Non disclosure agreement
69. Inherent distinctiveness
70. Madrid agreement
71. World IP organisation
72. Define geographical indications
73. Safe harbour clause
74. Idea v expression
75. Diamond v chakrabarty
76. Acquisition of invention by govt under patent law
77. Tangible property
78. License to produce nad publish translations

LABOUR LAW

PART- A 12
marks

1. Examine the scope of the power of the government to refer an Industrial dispute under
the Industrial Disputes Act.
2. Define trade union under the Trade Unions Act and discuss the procedure for
registration of trade unions.
3. Examine the mode of fixing and revising the minimum wages under the Minimum
Wages Act.
4. Define Trade Union and discuss the provisions relating to registration of trade unions
under the Trade Unions Act, 1926.
5. Examine the concept of Industry under the Industrial Disputes Act,1947 with the help of
decided case laws. *
6. “Deductions from the wages of an employed person shall be made only in accordance
with the Payment of Wages Act,1936”- Discuss.
7. Explain the nature and scope of the power of the government in the matter of deciding
whether or not to make a reference of dispute to a labour court.
8. Critically examine the necessity, scope and legal nature of standing orders.
9. State the important I.L.O conventions on wages and examine how far these conventions
have been adopted by India in various labour legislations.
10. The concept of industrial harmony in positive and comprehensive and it postulates the
existence of understanding, cooperation and a sense of partnership between employers
and employees – Discuss
11. “The Labour Courts and Industrial Tribunals are vested with wide powers in granting
relief in the cases of dismissal and discharge of a workman” – Examine the above
statement in the light of the Industrial Disputes Act 1947
12. Whether the members and office bearers of a Trade Union can stage demonstration
outside the premises of an employer? What are the rights and restrictions available to
them under Trade Unions Act?
13. Examine the procedure for registration and dissolution on trade unions under the Trade
Unions Act, 1926
14. Discuss the Machineries constituted under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 for
prevention and settlement of industrial disputes.
15. Enumerate the deductions which can be made from the wages payable to a worker
under the payment of wages act, 1936.
16. Define closure under the Industrial Disputes Act and bring out the procedure to be
adopted for closing an industrial undertaking permanently.
17. Examine the rights and liabilities of registered trade union.
18. Discuss the procedure for deciding the claims arising out of payment of less than
minimum rates of wages fixed under the Minimum Wages Act.
19. Define the concepts – strike and lockout and bring out the restrictions prescribed under
the Industrial Disputes Act with the help of decided case laws.
20. Examine the procedure for registration of trade unions and analyse the grounds under
which registration of trade union can be cancelled.
21. Examine the powers and duties of the appropriate government in the matter of fixing
minimum rates of wages under the Minimum Wages Act.
22. Define industry with the help of decided cases [ like q.5]
23. What are the procedure to be followed for registration of a Trade Union? State the legal
characters of a registered Trade Union?
24. Explain the concept of wages and the kinds of wages theories.
25. Examine the various authorities constituted for investigation and settlement of
industrial disputes under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.
26. Define trade union under the trade unions Act, 1926 and examine the liabilities of a
registered trade union.
 27. Examine the matters to be provided in standing orders under the Industrial Employment
(Standing orders) Act, 1946 and explain the duties of the certifying officer in certifying
standing orders.
28. Explain the procedure for registration of trade unions under the Trade Unions Act, 1926
and being out the circumstances in which registration of a registered trade union may
be withdrawn or cancelled.
29. Explain the conditions and procedure for modification of standing orders under the
Industrial Employment (Standing orders) Act, 1946.
30. Define trade Union and discuss the powers and duties of Registrar under the Trade
Unions Act, 1926.
31. Examine the concept of industrial disputes under the Industrial Dispute Act 1947 with
the help of decided case laws. Explain when an individual dispute is deemed to be an
Industrial Dispute under the Act.
32. Discuss the obligation of an employer under the Payment of Wages Act, 1936
33. Critically evaluate the definition of ‘Industry’ under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 and
the judicial interpretations with suitable examples. [like q.5,22]
34. Examine how the payment of Wages Act, 1936 affords protection to the workers in the
matter of payment of wages.
35. Evaluate the extent of immunity enjoyed by the officer bearers or members of
registered trade union in the matters of tortious, civil and criminal liability under the
Trade Unions Act, 1926.
36. “the idea of some authority making a contract for the Workman and the employer is a
strange and novel idea and is foreign to the basic principles of the law of contract” –
explain the above with reference to the change from lessez faire to welfare in
developing the concept of Industrial Jurisprudence.
37. With reference to the decided cases discuss the nature and scope of the power of
appropriate government to refer the cases to authorities constituted under the
Industrial Disputes Act and the grounds on which an order of reference could be
challenged.
38. In the light of statutory definition of ‘Strike” and the recent decision of the SC relating to
strike in Industrial Disputes Act, do you think that the courts have interpreted the
concept of strike correctly? give your reasons

Part B

1. EXAMINE the impact of ILO on labour legislations in india

2. Define ID under IDA and explain when is an individual dispute deemed to be an
industrial dispute
3. Examine the deductions permitted under the payment wages act
4. Explain the scope and extent of the power of making a reference of the dispute by the
govt under the IDA
5. Examine the prerequisites for collective bargaining and bring out the adv and disadv of
collective bargaining
6. Examine the concept of workman under the IDA with cases
7. “laws relating to wages protect the workers from exploitation in every aspect” discuss
8. Compare and contrast collective bargaining and compulsory adjudication as a means of
achieving industrial peace
9. Examine the provisions relating to regulation of strikes and lock outs under the IDA
10. Does the minimum wages act apply to the employees engaged through contractor ,
more particularly when the said act does not apply to the employees employed directly
by the principal employer ?
11. Whether a settlement made during the conciliation proceedings with a majority union
will be binding up on the minority union ? give reasons
12. The model standing orders under the industrial employment ( standing orders) act has
provided age of superannuation whether such a provision be automatically applicable to
another industrial establishment having certified standing orders
13. Explain the role of collective bargaining in the settlement in industrial disputes
14. Explain the significant of recognition of TU
15. Discuss the conditions and procedure for modification of standing orders under the
industrial employment ( standing orders)
16. Define industry under IDA with cases
17. Explain the procedure for submission and certification of standing orders under
industrial employment act
18. Salient features of the payment of wages act
19. Define standing orders and discuss the matters to be provided in standing orders under
the industrial employment standing orders
20. Examine the deductions permissible from wages under the payment act
21. Define workman under the industrial disputes act with cases
22. Define strike and lock out and bring out the restrictions imposed on strikes and lockouts
in IDA
23. Explain the procedure for submission and certification of standing orders under the
standing orders
24. Discuss the appointment , powers, and procedure of authority to hear claims under the
payment of wages act
25. What are the procedures prescribed for fixing and revising minimum wages under the
act
26. Define lock out and discuss the provisions governing it
 27. What is the procedure for certification of standing orders
28. Examine the authorities under the payment wages act
29. Impact of ILO in labour legislations
30. Examine the authorities under minimum wages act
31. Define retrenchment under IDA and the conditions for valid retrenchment
32. Define layoff and discuss the right of workmen laid off for compensation under IDA

Pact c

1. Appropriate govt
2. Political fund
3. Victimisation of labour
4. National minimum wage
5. Collective bargaining
6. Fair wages
7. binding effect of standing orders
8. public utility service
9. cost of living index number
10. inspector under the payment wages act
11. recog of TU
12. doctrine of laissez faire
13. wage fund theory
14. wages in kind
15. grievance settlement authority
16. unfair labour practice
17. individual dispute
18. retrenchment compensation
19. TU immunities
20. Publication of award
21. First come last go rule
22. ILO
23. Minimum wages and living wages
24. Strike and lock outs
25. Conciliation officer
26. Arbitration
27. General funds
28. Retrenchment
29. Marginal productivity theory of wages
30. Statutory minimum wage
 31. Protected workmen
32. Effects of an illegal strike
33. Lay off
34. Amalgamation of registered TU
35. Inspectors under the payment of wages
36. Living wage
37. Award
38. Theory of laissez faire
39. Subsistence allowance
40. Domestic enquiry
41. Bangalore water supply vs Rajappa
42. Gherao
43. National tribunal
44. Board of conciliation
45. Cost of living index
46. Dissolution of registered TU
47. Protected workman
48. Need bases minimum wage
49. Powers of certifying officer

BANKING LAW

QUESTIONS 12 MARKS

1. “Banks and financial institutions at present experience considerable difficulties in

recovering loans and enforcement of securities charged with them”. Identify the role
of DRT, its powers and authority to recover the debts due to such banks and
financial institutions.
2. Enumerate the conditions to be specified for opening an account and to deal with
the special class of customers by a Bank like Minor, Joint Stock Company and Joint
Hindu Family.
3. Analyse the liability of a drawer in case the cheque is dishonoured by the drawee,
under the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881.
4. Discuss the effects of bank nationalization in India.
5. Analyse the relationship of banker and customer as debtor and creditor with
decided cases.
6. Describe the ways by which the RBI controls the volume of credit in other
commercial banks.
7. Discuss the RBI control over the commercial banks.****
8. Discuss the civil and crimianal liability for dishonor of cheques under section 138 to
142 of the amended Negotiable Instruments Act.***
9. Discuss pros and cons of Bank nationalization in India.***
10. Define “customer” and analyse how “joint stock companies” and “joint hindu family”
are considered as special types of customers of a bank.*
11. Analyse the conditions that are needed to be fulfilled for obtaining a license and the
circumstances leading to cancellation of license of the banks in India.*
12. Identify the circumstances leading to wrongful dishonor of cheque by a banker and
the liability of the banker towards his customer in such case of wrongful dishonor.*
13. State the provisions of the Banking Regulation Act relating to restrictions on loans
and advances by commercial banks.
14. Differentiate Bill of Exchange and Promissory Note.
15. What is material alteration? What are its legal effects?
16. Comment on the circumstances for exercising either the right to close an account or
stop the operation of an account by the Bankers.
17. What are the statutory Protection to a Paying Banker.
18. Define “Holder” and “Holder in due course”. What are the main elements which
must concur to make a holder in due course.
19. Discuss the provisions relating to presumptions and estoppels regarding negotiable
instruments under the Negotiable Instruments Act.
20. Discuss the provisions relating to dishonor of cheques under the Negotiable
Instruments Act.
21. “Nationalization of Banks was a revolution in the Banking Industry”- comment.
22. Explain the nature and evolution of Banking sector in India.
23. Examine the powers, functions and duties of the RBI.
24. Analyse the impact of criminalization under the Negotiable Instruments Act.
25. Banks in India have shouldered additional responsibility of fulfilling social
obligations. Hence, the banks observe both the traditional and certain other
principles – discuss.
26. State the services and facilities provided by a modern banker.
27. State the circumstances under which a banker is justified in dishonoring a cheque.
28. Explain the various legal challenges involved in the nationalization of Banks in India.
 29. Discuss the various rights and duties of a banker over the customers during the
processing of banking instruments.
30. What are the powers, functions and duties of Debt Recovery Tribunal in India.
31. What are the circumstances in which a party to negotiable instruments is
discharged? Discuss the liability of prior parties on a negotiable instrument to a
subsequent holder.
32. Explain the recent trends and importance of privatization of banking industry in
India and whether nationalized banks have failed to achieve the objectives.
33. Explain the primary and subsidiary functions, rendered by modern commercial banks
in India.
34. State the rules for presentment of insruments under the Negotiable Instruments
Act.
35. Distinguish between a cheque and a Promisory Note.

part b

1. State the circumstances under which a banker can exercise, his right to general lien and
particular lien over the goods given as security
2. Hoe does RBI exercise control over the banks on the advancement of loans ?
3. Define endorsement and enumerate its kinds and effect with reference to a negotiable
instrument
4. Diff kinds of indorsement under the NI act
5. Discuss the modes by which the maker , acceptor or indorser of a NI is discharged from
liability
6. Define bill of exchange and distinguish it from cheque
7. Special types of customers of bankers
8. The role of DRT
9. Composition , powers and fyn of tribunal and appellate tribunal under the financial
institution act
10. Analyse the extent to which the banker has duty to maintain secrecy of its customer
account and the exceptions if ant to this rule under banking law
11. Define negotiations and enumerate the diff btw negotiability and assignability of an
instrument
12. What is acceptance? what are the kinds?
13. Diff btw negotiation and assignment
14. Explain the right to lien and right to set off
 15. Explain the term negotiation of an instrument and state the diff btw negotiation and
assignment
16. Bank as borrower – comment
17. Discuss presentment for acceptance and presentment for payment
18. Explain the various lending principles which have been adopted by banks in india
19. Adv and disadv of nationalisation of banks
20. Powers fyn duties of DRT
21. Assess the role of SBI in agricultural finance
22. Define “ special crossing of cheque “ what are the essentials of special crossing and state
its significance
23. A party is said to be discharged from his liabilities when his liability when its liability on
the instrument comes to an end – explain
24. What are the various liability of a banker in case of fraud committed by bank employees
25. Discuss the concepts of paying banker and collecting banker
26. Explain the statutory protection given to a collecting banker . when does it loses this
protection
27. Elucidate special features of current account
28. Write about diff types of deposits
29. Explain the constitution fyn of SBI
30. State the presumptions as to NI
31. Explain in detail material alteration
32.

Part c

1. Types of loans
2. Closing of bank account
3. Right to set off
4. Holder and holder in due course
5. Right of appropriation of banker
6. Narasimham committee recommendation on reform in banking sector
7. Fyn of commercial banks
8. Promissory notes
9. Presentment
10. ICICI
11. Crossing
12. Noting and protest
13. Banking ombudsman
14. SARFAESI
15. Credit reserve ratio
16. Material alteration
17. Bankers lien
18. Collecting bank
19. Bank fraud
20. Hundis
21. Plastic money
22. Currency chest
23. Discounting bill
24. Licensing of banks by RBI
25. Credit creation by banks
26. Pass book
27. Payment in due course
28. Garnishee order
29. Hypothecation
30. Letter of credit
31. Lialibilty for unjustified dishonours
32. A banker as a bailee
33. Winding of banking companies
34. Ambiguous instruments
35. Not negotiable crossing
36. Financial institutions act
37. SBI green card scheme
38. Phising policy of RBI
39. Paying banker
40. Special types of customer
41. Credit and debit cards
42. Special types of crossing
43. Drawee in case of need
44. Protest for better security
45. Inchoate stamped instruments
46. A bankers lien
47. Amalgamation of banking companies
48. Right to appropriate payment
49. Bank robberies
50. Safety deposit locker
51. Banker as borrower
52. Bill of exchange
53. Money market its constituents
54. Holder for value
55. Effects of crossing cheque
56. Notice of dishonour
57. Quasic NI
58. Rule in claytons case