THE ACCIPITRIDAE: A BIOMIMICRY SPORTS TRAINING AND PHYSICAL REHAB CENTER IN

CLARK FREEPORT ZONE, PAMPANGA

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction

For over 12 years, National Paralympic Committee of the Philippines

president Mike Barredo has lobbied to expand the coverage of benefits and
incentives for national athletes to include achievers from the differently-abled
sector.

Barredo, 60, fought long and hard. He appealed to government officials. He

begged for recognition.  He said it was discriminatory to exclude disabled
athletes from the “Sports Benefits and Incentives Act,” passed in 2001, since
after all, they, too, represent the country in international competitions.

A 1992 TOYM awardee for humanitarian service, Barredo lost his eyesight in
a car accident when he was 24 in 1979. He was an all-around varsity athlete
during his La Salle years, excelling in football, volleyball, basketball, chess
and track. Instead of feeling sorry for himself, Barredo made his disability a
rallying point and took up the cudgels for differently-abled athletes who
deserve to be recognized for their efforts but aren’t eligible to receive benefits
and incentives by law.

The consolidated bill is entitled “An act expanding the coverage of incentives
granted to national athletes and coaches, appropriating funds therefor,
repealing for the purpose R. A. 9064, also known as the ‘National Athletes,
Coaches and Trainers Benefits and Incentives Act of 2001’ or ‘Sports Benefits
and Incentives Act of 2001.”

In line with this, this study entitled “THE ACCIPITRIDAE: A Biomimicry

Sports Training and Physical Rehab Center in Clark Freeport
Pampanga” it aims to develop a more efficient way to help all differently
abled and other aspiring athletes. This project can also lodge both differently
abled and abled athletes in the country. It conjure up an image of a

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multipurpose training ground for all athletes and aspiring athletes to be

inspired to continue living life to the fullest. Furthermore, this training center
can be use by local and international as training ground for the upcoming
competitions.

1.2 Background of the Study

Differently abled athletes will now have their Paralympic movement in the
country.This after the Philippine Sport for the Differently Abled (Philspada)
formed the Philippine Paralympic Committee (PPC), which will serve as the
counterpart of the Philippine Olympic Committee that is the mother of all
sports association in the country today.

The PPC will be headed by its president Mike Barredo, a former Philippine
Sports commissioner who also heads the Philspada, with Tom Carrasco of
triathlon and Ral Rosario of swimming as vice president and secretary-
general.

The PPC will also be operated by a management group that will include
Debbie Tolentino, Kiko Diaz, Manny Calanog and John Alonte as its
officials.“Just like the Olympic movement, there is also the Paralympic
movement so it is appropriate that we start now,” said Carrasco.

Republic Act No. 11214 also known as Philippine Sports Training Center Act
was signed by the President on February 14, 2019 in line with the
government’s effort to promote and develop sports in the country, igniting
hope among Filipino athletes wanting better training facilities for them to be at
par with the world’s finest.

A 3.5-billion peso budget has been allotted for the establishment and
construction of the facility which will replace the outdated Philsports Complex
in Pasig City and Rizal Memorial Sports Complex in Manila as the official
home and primary venue of national athletes and teams from different sports
and their corresponding training pools.

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The proposed sports training center shall undergo a six-month planning

period and is projected to be built within 18 months. The Philippine Sports
Commission (PSC) will be managing the center once operational.

Some of the proposed facilities inside the PSTC are sports science building,
athletes and coaches’ dormitory, football field, gymnastic center, track and
field oval, baseball field, beach volleyball courts, bowling center, covered
swimming and diving pool, tennis courts, velodrome, rugby pitch, etc.

According to Senate Committee chair on games, amusements, and sports

Sen. Juan Edgardo “Sonny” Angara, primarily, the problem besetting the
sports sector is funding. The PCS’s P750-million annual budget from
PAGCOR and the national gorvernment pales in camparison to Thailand’s
equivalent budget of P13-billion, Singapore P6.5-billion, and Indonesia and
Malaysia at P4-billion each. This explains the huge gap between the
Philippine and it’s neighboring countries’ state of sports facilities and sports
development.

“It’s a happy moment for Philippine sports”, said Ramirez, elated over the
signing of a law that will establish state-of-the-art sports training facility, a pet
project since he took over as as head of the government agency financing
amateur sports. The law was signed by the president to promote and develop
sports in the country, to achieve excellence in international sports
competitions, to ensure success in the country’s quest to achieve
competitiveness in the Olympic Games and to promote international amity
among nations.

Clark Freeport Pampanga has a perfect green assets, sustainability

development and global urban development. Clark Freeport Pampanga is
situated in Central Luzon where it is at confluence of industry and agriculture
with existing insfrustructure and connectivity in Manila and rest of the
Philippines.

In connection with this, The Accipitridae has an advantage when it comes to

providing help to those athletes who are in need of medication and at the

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same time train them to become one of the great athletes of the Philippines.
The Accipitridae project can benefit green architecture, and biomimicry or the
nature immitation.

1.3 Statement of the Problem

“My eyes were opened on how unfair the law is for Filipino athletes with
disabilities. The Philippine Sports Commission (PSC) has already undergone
a number of administrative changes, but it was always the same answer, that
we are not part of the law. That made me believe and I understood that there
is a need to level the structure for us disabled athletes,” Adeline Dumapong-
Ancheta said in one of her interview.

Luckily, those problems from Dumapong-Ancheta’s time is longer an issue

after the passing of Republic Act 9064, also known as the Athletes’ Incentives
Act, for para athletes who compete in international tiffs. Weightlifter Hidilyn
Diaz ended a 20-year Olympic medal drought for the Philippines after
securing a silver in the women's 53kg class in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 2016.
Angara noted that Diaz herself could not hide her dismay over the current
state of local sports facilities.

As the Philippines hosts the 30th Southeast Asian Games (SEAG) in 2019,

the Philippine Paralympic Committee (PPC) hopes the country's hosting of the
10th ASEAN Para Games (APG) in 2020 won't be overlooked.

The APG gets going right after the SEA Games, and while the infrastructure
of the sports hub at Clark City in Tarlac looks to be on track, PPC head
Michael Barredo said the para athletes have special needs that must be
addressed. Barredo said the differently abled athletesare hoping for a better
training camps, but more importantly, competition-ready prosthetics and
mobility aid equipments such as wheelchairs and crutches.

Major Problem

~ What is/are the possible impact of building a training and physical

rehab in the country?

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~ What could differently abled and abled athletes, and aspiring

athletes benefit in using a training center?

~ What architectural design solution is/are possible to achieve the

maximum sustainability of the project?

~ What is the possible design solution in planning a training and

physical rehab center considering the green architecture and global
urban standards?

Minor Problem

~ What design concept should be applied for this project?

~ What are the space requirements and safety provisions that should
be needed in building the biomimicry sports training and physical
rehab center in Clark Freeport, Pampanga?

~ How will the project help the promoting the green assets,
sustainability development and global urban development?

1.4 Significance of the Study

The significance of this study is to provide a proper training ground and a

physical rehab for the following beneficiaries:

To the differently abled persons, this project will help them and encourage
them that there are no boundaries or limitations despite their situation.

To the abled persons, this project will help them to develop more of what they
can do and and be able to practice how legends work and be inspired.

To Clark Freeport Zone, this project will help them promote the green
architecture and sustainability. And it can also be a help when it comes to the
Return of Investments to the government.

To the College of Architecture and to the future researchers, this project

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would be beneficial as an additional reference material.

1.5 Objectives of the Study

General Objective

The proposed project is set to be more functional and an ingenious way to

promote the Paralympic and become one of the many ways to start a much
more bigger family inside and outside the court. The sports training and
physical rehab center in Clark Freeport Pampanga has alot of considerations
when it comes to natural environent.

Specific Objectives

~ To help mostly all differently abled athletes in the country.

~ It can also be a boon to all physically and mentally handicapped

persons to encourage them more on continuing life and train them to be
better.

~ It may help promote green architecture and sustainability of the

project.

Design Objectives

The proposed project is design to promote architecture, sustainability

of a sports training center and aims to create more green space for sports
development.

1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study

Scope

The proposed “The Accipitridae: A Biomimicry Sports Training and

Physical Rehab Center in Clark Freeport Pampanga” is set to design and plan
a training center with physical rehab. It focuses more on physical, social,
environment, sustainability, and benefits to the government. The study and

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researches will be discussed through following:

1. Design and plan

2. Architectural Concept
3. Project Justification
4. Site Development Plan
5. Structural Concept
6. Floor Plans
7. Elevations
8. Sections
9. Space Programming
10. Exterior and Interior Perspective

The included sports training event are the following:

1. Basketball
2. Volleyball
3. Soccer
4. Aquatics
5. Athletics
6. Boxing
7. Badminiton
8. Gymnastics
9. Dance Sport
10. Weightlifting
11. Table Tennis
12. Tennis
13. Archery
14. Fitness Gym

Limitation

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This research focuses on architectural aspects. The sports training center

includes sports event venue and a physical rehab. It will be limited in terms of
structural engineering, the study will provide the details of drawings to clarify
the prjects design.

The Philippine Sports Training Center which is recently signed by President

Rodrigo R. Duterte under Republic Act No. 11214 was in line with the
government’s policy “to promote and develop sports in the country”.

Some of the proposed facilities inside the PSTC are athletes and coaches’
dormitory, baseball field, beach volleyball courts, bowling center, covered
swimming and diving pool, football field, gymnastic center, track and field
oval, tennis courts, velodrome, rugby pitch, sports science building among
others.

Olympic standards are the primary guide for the project. This study is limited
only to some sports facilities.

1.7 Definition of Terms

Accipitridae - a large family (order Falconiformes) of carnivorous birds

having comparatively rounded wings, long legs, and an unnotched bill and
including the typical hawks and goshawks, the kites, and usually the eagles.

Biomimicry - in architecture, is the imitation of the models, systems, and

elements of nature for the purpose of solving complex human problems;
biomimicry in architecture and manufacturing is the practice of designing
buildings and products that simulate or co-opt processes that occur in nature.

Sports - an activity involving physical exertion and skill in which an individual

or team competes against another or others for entertainment.

Training Center - is a service that allows companies to build custom training

material that documents its best practices and procedures in a private section.

Space Programming - is the research and decision-making process that

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identifies the scope of work to be designed prior to beginning the design,

which is intended to solve the problem.

CHAPTER II

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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter covers the presentation and interpretation of related literature,

publish locally and abroad, to attain clearer perspective and broad information
in conducting the study and to have an adequate infromations and results in
the study.

2.1 Classification of Para Athletics

The World Para Athletics classification system serves two key purposes:

2.1.1. Determining eligibility

The system defines who is eligible to compete in World Para Athletics
competitions.

To be eligible for Para athletics, a person must have an eligible impairment

type and the impairment must be judged to be severe enough to have an
impact on the sport of athletics. Minimum Disability Criteria (MDC) are
described in the World Para Athletics Classification Rules and Regulations.
There are 10 eligible impairment types: eight physical impairments as well as
vision impairment and intellectual impairment.

Impaired muscle power

The muscles in the limbs or trunk are completely or partially paralysed as a
consequence of conditions such as spinal cord injury, polio or spina bifida.

Impaired passive range of movement

Range of movement in one or more joints is permanently reduced due to
trauma, illness or congenital deficiency (e.g. conditions such as arthrogryposis
or joint contracture resulting from trauma).

Limb deficiency
A total or partial absence of bones or joints, from birth, as a consequence of
trauma (e.g. traumatic amputation) or illness (e.g. amputation due to cancer).

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Ataxia
Lack of muscle co-ordination due to problems with the parts of the central
nervous system that control movement and balance, typical of conditions such
as traumatic brain injury and cerebral palsy.

Athetosis
Repetitive and more or less continual involuntary movements caused by
fluctuating muscle tone arising from problems in the central nervous system,
typical of conditions such as cerebral palsy.

Hypertonia
Abnormal increase in muscle tension with reduced ability of muscles to
stretch, and joint stiffness, slowness of movement and poor postural
adaptation and balance, due to problems in the central nervous system,
typical of conditions such as cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury and stroke.

Short stature
Standing height and limb length are reduced due to conditions such as
achondroplasia and osteogenesis imperfecta.

Leg length difference

Minimum of 7cm leg length difference due to trauma, illness or congenital
conditions.

Vision impairment
Vision is impacted by either an impairment of the eye structure, optical nerve /
pathways or the part of the brain controlling vision (visual cortex).
Intellectual impairment
Limited intellectual functions and adaptive behaviour which must be
diagnosed before the age of 18.

2.1.2. Sport Class Allocation

The system describes methods for dividing eligible athletes up into sport
classes. The aim is that each class should consist of athletes who have

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impairments that cause approximately the same amount of activity limitation in

the key athletic disciplines – running, wheelchair racing, jumps and throws.

The aim of classification in Para athletics is to minimise the impact of eligible

impairments on the outcome of competition. To do this, athletes are assessed
and then placed into competition categories, called sport classes, according to
how much their impairment affects sports performance.
In general, athletes with impairments that have a similar impact on sport
performance will compete in the same sport class. The system ensures that
athletes do not succeed simply because they have an impairment that causes
less of a disadvantage than their competitors, but because of their skill,
determination, tactics, fitness and preparation.
The numerical figure in Para athletics classification represents the level of
impairment; the lower the number within each impairment type, the more
severe the impairment.

TRACK AND JUMP (PREFIX T FOR TRACK)

DISCIPLINE: Running and jumping (20 classes)
SPORT CLASSES (Impairment types):
T11-13 (Vision impairment)
T20 (Intellectual impairment)
T35-38 (Co-ordination impairments (hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis))
T40-41 (Short stature)
 
T42-44 (Lower limb competing without prosthesis affected by limb
deficiency, leg length difference, impaired muscle power or impaired passive
range of movement)
  T45-47 (Upper limb/s affected by limb deficiency, impaired muscle power
or impaired passive range of movement)
  T61-64 (Lower limb/s competing with prosthesis affected by limb
deficiency and leg length difference)
DISCIPLINE: Wheelchair racing (7 classes)
SPORT CLASSES (Impairment types):
T32-34 (Co-ordination impairments (hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis))

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  T51-54 (Limb deficiency, leg length difference, impaired muscle power or

impaired passive range of movement)

THROWS (PREFIX F FOR FIELD)
DISCIPLINE: Standing throws (19 classes)
SPORT CLASSES (Impairment types):
F11-13 (Vision impairment)
  F20 (Intellectual impairment)
  F35-38 (Co-ordination impairments (hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis))
  F40-41 (Short stature)
  F42-44 (Lower limb competing without prosthesis affected by limb
deficiency, leg length difference, impaired muscle power or impaired passive
range of movement)
  F45-46 (Upper limb/s affected by limb deficiency, impaired muscle power
or impaired passive range of movement)
  F61-64 (Lower limb/s competing with prosthesis affected by limb
deficiency and leg length difference)

DISCIPLINE: Seated throws (11 classes)

SPORT CLASSES (Impairment types):
F31-34 (Co-ordination impairments (hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis))
  F51-57 (Limb deficiency, leg length difference, impaired muscle power or
impaired range of movement).

SPORT CLASSES IN DETAIL

T11-13 and F11-13 - Athletes in these classes have a vision impairment

which is severe enough to impact on sport. They compete in one of
three sport classes in track and jumps (T11-13) and throws (F11-13):

T11/F11
These athletes have a very low visual acuity and/or no light perception.

T12/F12 
Athletes with a T12/F12 sport class have a higher visual acuity than athletes

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competing in the T11/F11 sport class and/or a visual field of less than five
degrees radius.

T13/F13
Athletes with a T13/F13 sport class have the least severe vision impairment
eligible for Para athletics. They have the highest visual acuity and/or a visual
field of less than 20 degrees radius.

T20/F20 - Athletes in this class have an intellectual impairment that

impacts on the activities of running (400m - marathon), jumping (long
jump and triple jump) or throwing events (shot put).

There is one sport class for running and jumping events (T20) and one for
field events (F20) and athletes must meet the sport-specific MDC for each of
their respective events (running, jumping or throwing).

T32-4, T35-38, F31-34 and F35-38 - Athletes in these classes are affected

by hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis all of which typically affect co-
ordination of movement. They compete in the following classes:

WHEELCHAIR TRACK: T32-34 - Classes for wheelchair racing

T32 - Athletes have moderate to severe co-ordination impairment

affecting all four limbs and trunk, but usually with slightly more function on one
side of the body or in the legs. Function is affected so that throwing and
wheelchair propulsion is difficult. Trunk control is poor.

T33 - Athletes have moderate to severe co-ordination impairment of three

to four limbs, but typically have almost full functional control in the least
impaired arm. Forward propulsion of the wheelchair is impacted by significant
asymmetry in arm action and/or very poor grasp and release in one hand and
limited trunk movement.

T34 - Athletes are generally affected in all four limbs but more in the lower
limbs than the upper limbs. The arms and trunk demonstrate fair to good
functional strength and near to able-bodied grasp, release and relatively
symmetrical wheelchair propulsion.

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RUNNING TRACK AND JUMPS: T35-38 - Athletes in the sport classes

T35-38 have sufficient function to run:

T35 - Athletes are typically affected in all four limbs but more so in the
legs than the arms. Running gait is moderately to severely impacted, with
stride length typically shortened.

T36 - These athletes demonstrate moderate athetosis, ataxia and

sometimes hypertonia or a mixture of these which affects all four limbs. The
arms are usually similarly or more affected than the legs. Involuntary
movements are clearly evident throughout the trunk and/or in the limbs in all
sport activities, either when the athlete is attempting to stand still (athetosis)
or when attempting a specific movement (tremor).

T37 - Athletes have moderate hypertonia, ataxia or athetosis in one half of

the body. The other side of the body may be minimally affected but always
demonstrates good functional ability in running. Arm action is asymmetrical.
Some trunk asymmetry is usually evident.

T38 - Athletes have clear evidence of hypertonia, ataxia and/or athetosis

on physical assessment that will affect running. Co-ordination impairment is
mild to moderate and can be in one to four limbs. Co-ordination and balance
are typically mildly affected, and overall these athletes are able to run and
jump freely.

SEATED THROWS: F31-34:

F31 - Athletes have severe hypertonia or athetosis, with very poor

functional range, and/or control of movement in all four limbs and the trunk.
Hand function is very poor with a limited static grip, severely reduced throwing
motion and poor follow through and release.

F32 - Athletes have moderate to severe hypertonia, ataxia and/or

athetosis affecting all four limbs and trunk, usually with slightly more function
on one side of the body or in the legs. A cylindrical and/or spherical grasp is

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possible, but grasp and release in combination with throws are poorly co-
ordinated. Dynamic trunk control is poor.

F33 - Athletes have moderate to severe hypertonia, ataxia or athetosis

affecting three to four limbs, typically have almost full functional control in the
least impaired arm. Athletes are able to throw an implement forcefully, albeit
with limited follow-through. While athletes are able to grasp the implement,
release of the implement is affected by poor finger dexterity. Trunk
movements are limited by extensor tone, so that throwing motions are mainly
from the arm.

F34 - Athletes generally have moderate to severe hypertonia in both legs

with significant difficulty in standing balance and walking. The arms and trunk
demonstrate fair to good functional strength and near to full grasp, release
and follow through for throws. Poor fine co-ordination in the hands is common.
Hypertonia in the trunk and in the legs may result in mild limitations in throws.

STANDING THROWS: F35-38 - Athletes in the sport classes F35-38

have sufficient function in throwing ability from a standing position
without support or aids:

F35 - Athletes are typically more affected in the legs than the arms, but
may also have significant co-ordination impairment of the non-throwing arm.
Moderate hypertonia in the legs significantly limits the ability to walk and run.
The athlete has fair to good functional strength and near to able-bodied grasp,
release and follow through in the throwing arm.

F36 - Athletes demonstrate moderate athetosis, ataxia and sometimes

hypertonia or a mixture of these, which affects all four limbs. The arms are
usually similarly or more affected than the legs. Involuntary movements are
clearly evident throughout the trunk and/or in the limbs in sport activities,
either when the athlete is attempting to stand still (athetosis) or when
attempting a specific movement (tremor).

F37 - Athletes have moderate hypertonia, ataxia or athetosis in one half of

the body. The other side of the body may be minimally affected and

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demonstrates good functional ability in throws. Transfer of weight onto the

affected leg is poor. The affected arm may demonstrate no to some functional
ability. Some trunk asymmetry is usually evident.

F38 - Athletes have clear evidence of hypertonia, ataxia and/or athetosis

on physical assessment that meets the MDC. Impairment is mild to moderate
and can be in one to four limbs. Co-ordination and balance in throws may be
mildly affected, but overall these athletes are able to run and throw freely
using able-bodied techniques.

T40-41 and F40-41

Athletes with short stature compete in sport class T40/F40 and T41/F41.

There are two classes depending on the body height of the athlete and the
proportionality of the upper limbs. Athletes in classes T40 or F40 have a
shorter stature than T41 and F41.

T42-47, F42-46, T51-54, F51-58, T61-64 and F61-64

Athletes in these classes are affected by one or more of the

musculoskeletal impairments of limb deficiency, leg length difference,
impaired muscle power or impaired passive range of movement.

TRACK RUNNING, JUMPS AND STANDING THROWS: T42/F42 –

T44/F44 and T/F 61-64

Athletes have impairments of the lower limbs. All athletes in these classes
compete in standing without support.

The criteria for running, jumps and throws are the same.

T42/F42 – Athletes have one or more impairment types affecting hip

and/or knee function in one or both limbs and with activity limitations in
throws, jumps and running competing without prosthesis/prostheses
comparable to that of an athlete with at least a single through or above knee

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amputation. Athletes with impairment(s) roughly comparable to bilateral above

knee amputations are also placed in this class.

T43/F43 - Athletes have bilateral lower limb impairments competing

without prostheses where both limbs meet the minimum impairment criteria,
and where functional loss is in the feet, ankles and/or lower legs. The activity
limitation in Para Athletics is roughly comparable to that found in an athlete
with bilateral below-knee amputations.

T44/F44 – This class is for any athlete competing without a prothesis with
a unilateral or a combination of lower limb impairment/s where the impairment
in only one limb meets the minimum impairment criteria. Functional loss is
seen in one foot, ankle and/or lower leg. The activity limitation in Para
Athletics is roughly comparable to that found in an athlete with one through
ankle / below knee amputation.

T61/F61 - T64/F64 - The primary impairments are in the lower limbs and
include only limb deficiency and leg length discrepancy. All athletes in these
classes compete standing without support and they mush use prosthesis/es.

T61/F61 - Athletes with bilateral through knee or above knee limb

deficiency competing with prostheses where minimum impairment criteria for
lower limb deficiency are met (see World Para Athletics Classification Rules
and Regulations).

T62/F62 - Athletes with bilateral below knee limb deficiency competing

with prostheses where minimum impairment criteria for lower limb deficiency
are met (see World Para Athletics Classification Rules and Regulations).

T63/F63 - Athletes with single through knee or above knee limb deficiency
competing with a prosthesis where minimum impairment criteria for lower limb
deficiency are met (see World Para Athletics Classification Rules and
Regulations).

T64/F64 - Athletes with unilateral below knee limb deficiency competing

with a prosthesis where the minimum impairment criteria for lower limb

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deficiency and leg length discrepancy are met (see World Para Athletics
Rules and Regulations).

T45/F45, T46/F46, T47

The primary impairments are in the upper limbs. All athletes in these classes
compete standing without support. The criteria for running and jumps are
slightly different to the criteria for throws.

RUNNING AND JUMPS: T45 – T47

T45 – Athletes have impairments of both arms affecting the shoulder

and/or elbow joints which are comparable to the activity limitations in running
and jumping as experienced by an athlete with bilateral above elbow
amputations.

T46 – Athletes have a unilateral upper limb impairment that affects the
shoulder and/or elbow joint of one arm and which is comparable to the activity
limitations in running and jumps roughly comparable to that found in an
athlete with a unilateral above elbow amputation. Athletes who have
impairments of both arms, affecting elbow and wrist and roughly comparable
to the activity limitations experienced by an athlete with bilateral through
wrist / below elbow amputations of both arms, or an athlete with one above
elbow amputation and one below elbow amputation, will also be placed in this
class.

T47 - Athletes with a unilateral upper limb impairment resulting in some

loss of function at the shoulder, elbow and wrist and which impacts sprints
primarily. The impact of the impairment is comparable to the activity
limitations experienced by an athlete with a unilateral through wrist/ below
elbow amputation.

STANDING THROWS: F45 – F46

F45 – Athletes have impairments of both arms which must meet the MDC
for limb deficiency, impaired passive range of movement or impaired muscle

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power to the extent that both arms demonstrate significant activity limitation
for gripping and/ or throwing the field implements.

F46 – Athletes with a unilateral upper limb impairment roughly

comparable to the activity limitations experienced by an athlete with a
unilateral amputation of one arm through or above the wrist and one intact
arm. Athletes with bilateral upper limb impairments where one arm meets the
unilateral criteria, and the other affected arm does not does not meet the
bilateral criteria above, also compete in this class.

T51-T54 and F51-58 

Athletes in these athletics categories use racing wheelchairs and

throwing frames in competition.

WHEELCHAIR TRACK: T51-54

T51 - Athletes usually have decreased shoulder muscle power and

difficulty straightening the elbows for a pushing action required for wheelchair
racing propulsion. There is no muscle power in the trunk. Wheelchair
propulsion is achieved with a pulling action using the elbow flexor and wrist
extensor muscles.

T52 – Athletes use their shoulder, elbow and wrist muscles for wheelchair
propulsion. There is poor to full muscle power in the fingers with wasting of
the intrinsic muscles of the hands. Muscle power in the trunk is typically
absent.

T53 - Athletes typically have full function of the arms but no abdominal or
lower spinal muscle activity (grade 0).

T54 – Athletes have full upper muscle power in the arms and some to full
muscle power in the trunk. Athletes may have some function in the legs.

SEATED THROWS: F51-57

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F51 - Athletes use the slightly decreased to full muscle power at the
shoulders, elbow flexors, and wrist extensors for throwing an implement. The
triceps muscles are non-functional and may be absent. Muscle power in the
trunk is absent. Grip of the implements is difficult due to non-functional finger
flexors. The non-throwing hand usually requires strapping to the support bar.

F52 - Athletes usually have good shoulder muscles and mildly weak to full
elbow and wrist muscles which are required for throwing an implement. Finger
flexor and extensor muscles are non-functional making grip of the implement
difficult. The non-throwing hand usually requires strapping to the throwing
frame.

F53 - Athletes have full muscle power at their shoulder, elbow and wrist in
the throwing arm. Muscle power in the finger flexor and extensor muscles is
functional, but there is always some weakness and resulting wasting of the
intrinsic muscles of the hand. The grip on the implement is close to able-
bodied and force can be imparted to the implement when throwing. The non-
throwing hand grips the pole on the throwing frame.. An athlete with partial to
full trunk control but with a throwing arm that fits the F52 profile is
appropriately placed in this class.

F54 - Athletes have full power and movements in their arms, but no power
in their abdominal muscles and typically no sitting balance. An athlete with
partial to full trunk control but with upper limbs that fit the F53 profile is
appropriately placed in this class.

F55 - Athletes have full function of the arms and partial to full trunk muscle
power. There is no movement in the lower limbs. Athletes with bilateral hip
disarticulations are appropriately placed in this class.

F56 - Athletes have full arm and trunk muscle power. Pelvic stability is
provided by some to full ability to press the knees together. Hip abductor and
hip extensor muscles are typically absent. Equivalent activity limitations are
seen in athletes with bilateral high above knee amputations. Athletes with
some but non-functional muscle power in the lower limbs will also fit in this
class.

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F57 - Athletes who meet one or more of the MDC for impaired muscle
power, limb deficiency, impaired passive range of movement and leg length
difference, who do not fit any of the previously described profiles, fall into this
class.

MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS FORMS FOR ATHLETES WITH

INTELLECTUAL, PHYSICAL AND VISION IMPAIRMENTS

It is the responsibility of the athlete and the NPC to submit a copy of the
Medical Diagnostics Form (MDF) and all relevant supporting medical
documentation for athletes with vision and physical impairments to World
Para Athletics via the SDMS online system.

For athletes with intellectual impairments, a TSAL-Q form has to be

submitted. The Medical Diagnostics Forms and TSAL-Q form are available on
the World Para Athletics Rules tab.

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2.2 Foreign Researches

Figure 1. United State Olympic Training Center

Source: https://www.teamusa.org/about-the-usopc/olympic-paralympic-
training-centers

The United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee was reorganized by the
Ted Stevens Olympic and Amateur Sports Act, originally enacted in 1978. It is
a federally chartered nonprofit corporation and does not receive federal
financial support (other than for select Paralympic military programs).
Pursuant to the Act, the USOPC has the exclusive right to use and authorize
the use of Olympic-related marks, images and terminology in the United
States. The USOPC licenses that right to sponsors as a means of generating
revenue in support of its mission. Unlike most other nations, the United States
does not have a sports ministry.

The USOPC has two primary responsibilities in its oversight of Olympic and
Paralympic sport in the United States. The first is to generate resources in
support of it mission, which is to help American athletes achieve sustained
competitive excellence. The second is to ensure organizational resources are
wisely and effectively used to that end.

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Figure 2. Bhiwani Boxing Club

Source: https://www.sportskeeda.com/slideshow/top-10-sports-academies-in-
india

Sports Authority of India(SAI) coach and former Indian boxer Jagdish Singh
has been credited with making the Bhiwani Boxing Club or “BBC” . It was
established by Hawa Singh, two-time Asian games gold medallist and 11-time
National champion. 
Four of the five boxers that represented India at the 2008 Beijing Olympics
were from this boxing club. Jitender Kumar and Akhil Kumar qualified for the
quarterfinals, while Vijender Singh won a bronze medal for the nation.
Bhiwani is known as Little Cuba in India as it is home to a large number of
boxers. 
Sports academies play a huge role in developing the overall game of an
athlete. They look into each and every aspect of a sportsman that helps not
only improve the physical aspect of the sport, but also the mental sie of
things.Parents in India are opening up to the idea of enrollling their kids to a
sports coaching institute so that overall development of the child is possible.
Some of these institutes are run by current and retired sportspersons who
want to imbibe their knowledge of the sport to the next generation. The
products of these academies have done extremely well by winning medals at
major international events. 

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Figure 3. Netaji Subhas National Institute of Sports

It is Asia’s largest sports institue and is located in Patiala. The institute is

referred as the "Mecca" of Indian Sports and has produced coaches of
exemplary nature who have assisted various teams in national and
international competitions.
The sports training facilities consist of gymnasium, swimming pool, indoor
halls, cycling velodrome, squash courts, conditioning units, hockey fields
(grass & synthetic), athletic track (cinder & synthetic) & outdoor courts. Sauna
Bath, Steam Bath and Hydrotherapy facilities are also available for players’
recovery.

Figure 4.  Bhaichung Bhutia Football Schools

Source: https://www.sportskeeda.com

Bhaichung Bhutia Football Schools (BBFS) is an initiative started by former

Indian skipper Bhaichung Bhutia along with Football by Carlos Queiroz
(FBCQ). BBFS guides childeren between the ages of 5 and 15 with the

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assistance of Portugal coaches to better their football skills. Kids from

underprevileged sections of the society constitute about 20-30 % of the
students enrolled in this school.

Figure 5. Gopichand Badminton Academy

Source: https://www.sportskeeda.com

It was founded by 2001 All England Open badminton champion Pullela

Gopichand in Hyderabad. The facility trains the likes of Saina Nehwal,
Parupalli Kashyap, P V Sindhu, Arundhati Pantawane, Guru Sai Dutt and
Arun Vishnu.

The US$2.5 million badminton training academy contains eight courts, a

swimming pool, weight training room, cafeteria and rooms to sleep. 

It also served as a venue for a tournament. The 2009 Indian Open was held
here while the 2009 BWF World Championships used it as a training venue.

2.3 Local Researches

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Figure 6. The Philippine Sports Training Center

Source:https://www.rappler.com

The Philippine Sports Training Center (PSCT) Act approved in the bicameral
meeting last Wednesday, November 28, put the country's sports scene a step
closer to achieving the dream of building a new international-standard sports
complex.

According to Philippine Sports Commission (PSC) chairman William "Butch"

Ramirez, the main sports hub is set to rise in a 20-hectare land located in
Rosales, Pangasinan where a budget of P3.5 billion from the General
Appropriations Act will be allocated to its construction and development
starting in mid-2019.

The Philippine Sports Commission Act (RA 6847) mandates the PSC to fulfill
two specific departments in the national sports scene – administrative &
financial, and support & services.

But with the PSCT Act, the PSC will be able to add a third department which
will contribute to the grassroots programs of National Sports Associations
(NSA).

According to the PSCT Act, the PSC and all the parties involved will be given

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only 6 months of planning upon effectivity of the Act.

"The necessary sports facilities and amenities, which are at par with
international standards, shall be constructed within a period of 18 months in a
location suitable and conducive to high-level training of athletes, coaches and
referees."

The PSTC shall include the following training facilities and amenities:

Administrative building
b) Athletes and coaches' dormitory
c) Baseball field
d) Beach volleyball courts
e) Bowling center
f) Conference and seminar hall
g) Covered swimming and diving pool
h) Football field
i) Gymnastics center
j) Multi-purpose gymnasium

k) Multi-purpose field including, but not limited to- archery range, BMX track,
lawn balls and petanque field
I) Rugby pitch
m) Skeet and trap range
n) Softball field
o) Track and field oval
p) Tennis courts
q) Velodrome
r) Villas for guests
s) Sports science building
t) Mess hall
u) Recreation hall (AV room)
v) Library
w) Weight training building
x) School buildings

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y) Medical center
z) Worship and meditation room

The PSC will also provide the sports facilities and amenties to the following 39
Oympic and non-Olympic sports:

Aquatics, Archery, Arnis, Athletics, Beach volleyball, Badminton, Baseball,

Basketball, Billiards and snookers, BMX and cycling, Bowling, Boxing, Chess,
Dancesport, Fencing, Football, Futsal, Handball, Gymnastics, Judo, Karatedo,
Lawn tennis, Muay thai, Pencak silat, Petanque, Rugby, Sepak takraw,
Shooting, Softball, Lawn tennis and soft tennis, Squash, Table tennis,
Taekwondo, Triathlon, Volleyball, Wall climbing, Weightlifting, Wrestling,
Wushu.

"Any other sport not listed herein shall be made part of the PSTC's sports
training and development program, deemed significant and necessary by the
PSC," wrote the act.

 President Rodrigo R. Duterte has signed a law establishing a state-of-the-art

and highly-scientific sports complex to be known as the Philippine Sports
Training Center (PSTC).

Republic Act No. 11214 otherwise known as Philippine Sports Training Center
Act signed by Duterte on Feb. 14 was in line with the government’s policy “to
promote and develop sports in the country”.

It also aims “to achieve excellence in international sports competitions, to

ensure success in the country's quest to achieve competitiveness in the
Olympic Games and to promote international amity among nations”.

The proposed PSTC will have a budget of PHP3.5 billion for the construction
of the sports training center which will serve as “official home and primary
venue” of the national teams and its correspondent training pools.

According to the law, scientific principles and programs as well as proven

training techniques and modern equipment and facilities “that are at par with

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international standards” will be used in the development of the national

athletes.

The proposed sports training center will undergo a six-month planning period
and afterwards is targeted to be constructed within 18 months.

The Philippine Sports Commission (PSC) is tasked to manage the center

once operational.

The law said the location of the sports training center shall be "conducive to
high-level training of athletes, coaches, and referees".

The PSTC shall have sports and training facilities and amenities for at least
39 national sports associations (NSAs).

2.4 Synthesis

This study entitled “The Accipitridae: A Biomimicry Sports Training and

Physical Rehab Center in Clark Freeport Pampanga” aims to achieve a sports
development in the country and help the athletes to gain more strength and
knowledge for all the upcoming competitions.

The United States Olympic Training Center is the major inspiration and
influence in achieving an international standard in functioning world-class
facilities for the proposed training center.

Even though this is an international setting and market, they can also be
public-private-partneship project like The Accipitridae that can cater both
public and private. Also, the green architecture concept of the project may
also help the beneficiaries to be more comfortable in using it. This project also
includes the technology to be used in their system to show how it could help
sports to be more progressive.

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CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter details the data gathering, methods of research, site analysis

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and other data significant to the development of the design of the project
entitled “The Accipitridae: A Biommimicry Sports Training and Physical Rehab
Center ing Clark Freeport, Pampanga”.

Research Paradigm

Formulation of the Information and

Thesis problem Data Analysis

Statement of the Site and Environment Conclusion

Problem Analysis And Design

Development

Figure 7. Research Paradigm

The research paradigm input was conducted for the projects output. It has
formulation of thesis problem, the statement of the problem and the
information and data gahtering. The amount of materials of information and
data analysis, site and environment analysis, and other observations and
problem analysis are used to come up with the conclusion and development.

The researchers approach to present the project is to show all the necessary
informations from the data gathered from the government, publics point of
view, online researches, interviews, existing statistics, pictures and site
analysis. Through this informations gathered this project will surely be more
efficient for the beneficiaries.

This project is inspired by the National Paralympic Committee of the

Philippines president Mike Barredo when he said that para athlete’s should
also be given a chance to be recognised to the country; with that this project
will be one of the best way to promote and to make all differently abled

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athletes recognise.

The following are the methods used by the researcher to get a wider
information regarding the project:

METHOD RESEARCH SOURCES

 Government offices and Agencies Philippine Sports Commission

Philippine ParalympiTable 1.0 Data

Sources

c Committee

Planning and Development Office

Municipal Assessor’s Office

 Library Research UPHSD-C Library

 Other sources and related Internet, Books, and Newspapers

information

 Actual observation Location: Clark Freeport, Pampanga

The data sources gathered at Table 1.0 shows that the researcher had went
to the government agencies that has jurisdiction to the site. The primary
information gathered by the researcher was provided by the City Engineering
Office and Assessor Office of the Municipal Hall of Clark Freeport, Pampanga.
Library researches and other sources like internet, books, and newspapers
were gathered to widen the information of the study.

Analysis and Synthesis

This research was made with various relevant methods to complete the study.
Every gathered data was considered essential to the feasibility of the project.

Most of the appropirate information to make the study possible came from the
Government Agencies, the PSC and the PPC. These also includes the
gathered data about the site Clark Freeport, Pampanga, Comprehensive Land
Use Plan (CLUP), zoning, maps, and profiles, title and other information about

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the site. Bestow differently abled and abled athletes, plans of existing sports
training center.

Other significant studies and informations to the project taken from the library,
actual site visits, internet browsing, and interviews also helped the
accomplishment of the future output of the project.

CHAPTER IV

SITE DESCRIPTION / PROFILE OR SITE SELECTION CRITERIA

4.1 Macro Site Analysis

4.1.1 Pampanga Province

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Figure 8. Pampanga Map

Source: https://www.alviera.ph/news/pampanga-philippines/

Based on archival shreds of evidence of Pampanga history, the province is a

descendant of the Luzon Empire, which was colloquially known as the
Kingdom of Tondo. Lakans ruled such a kingdom.

The natives were linguistically distinct from the Tagalogs living in nearby
provinces. A popular belief is the native Kapampangans were descendants of
migrants from Central Java, specifically from Malang Region. Whether or not
the people came from Java or other Malayan countries as claimed by other
historians, there were thriving settlements along the banks of Rio Grande de
la Pampanga (now called Pampanga River) when the Spaniards came.

Accounts on Pampanga history noted that the native Pampangos refused to

submit to the Spanish authority until Martin de Goiti, who was considered as
the discoverer of the natives in Macabebe, was tasked to reduce the number
of recalcitrant natives. After triumphantly conquering the place and its people,
the province was created shortly.

Furthermore, historical pieces of evidence dictate that the province of

Pampanga was officially created on December 11, 1571 by the Spanish
authorities. Pampanga was subdivided into pueblos (towns) and further
subdivided them into barrios (districts) as well as encomiendas (royal and

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private estates).
Based on virtually all accounts regarding Pampanga history, Pampanga was
one of the richest places in the country. In fact, Manila and other surrounding
provinces and regions are dependent on Pampanga’s thriving agricultural,
forestry and fishery and labor industries. So, the Spaniards decided to
reorganize it into a province for governmental control and taxation purposes.
In a June 20, 1591 report to the King of Spain about Philippine encomiendas,
Spanish Governor Gomez Perez Dasmarinas included Bataan, Binto, Betis y
Lubao, Caluya, Macabebe, Guiguinto, Apalit, Candaba, Calumpit, Malolos,
Bulacan and Mecabayan as La Pampanga’s encomiendas. However, due to
the excessive abuses that grantees committed, the King prohibited further
awarding of these states in 1574. The royal decree was fully enforced by
1620.
Source: https://www.alviera.ph/news/pampanga-history/

The province is home to two Philippine Air Force air bases, Basa Air Base in
Floridabalanca, and the former U.S. Clark Air Base in Angeles City. 

BRIEF PROFILE

Capital: San Fernando City

Land Area: 2,180.68 km²

Population: 2,014,019 (2010)

Cities: Angeles, Mabalacat, San Fernando

Munacipalities: 19

Barangays: 537

Districts: 4

Languages: Pangasinan, Iloco, Bolinao, Tagalog, English

Source: http://www.islandsproperties.com/places/pampanga.htm

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Figure 9. Google Earth Image of Pampanga

Source: Google Earth

People and Culture

The inhabitants of Pampanga are generally referred to as Kapampangans

(alternatively spelled Capampañgan), Pampangos, or Pampangueños. A little
history of Pampanga shows evidence of the inhabitants themselves being
descendants of the kingdom known as the Kingdom of Tondo or the Luzon
Empire, and that the Kapampangans take pride in their province for being one
of the eight provinces in the country to revolt against Spain and having
produced two presidents, three chief justices, a senate president, the first
Filipino cardinal and many outstanding personalities in public service,
education, diplomacy, journalism, the arts and sciences, entertainment and
business. Kapampangan cuisine is widely thought to be among the most
evolved and refined of Philippine culinary traditions. 

Geography

1. Terrain
The province has a total land mass of 2,180.68 square kilometers. Its terrain
is relatively flat with one distinct mountain, Mount Arayat and the notable
Pampanga River. Among its municipalities, Porac has the largest land mass

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with 343.12 square kilometers; Candaba comes in second with 208.7 square
kilometers; followed by Lubao with 155.77 square kilometers.

2. Climate
The province of Pampanga has two distinct climates, rainy and dry. The rainy
or wet season normally begins in May and runs through October, while the
rest of the year is the dry season. The warmest period of the year occurs
between March and April, while the coolest period is from December through
February.

Economy
Farming and fishing are the two main industries of the province. Major
products include rice, corn, sugar cane, and tilapia. In addition to farming and
fishing, the province also supports thriving cottage industries that specialize in
wood carving, furniture-making, guitars, and handicrafts. Every year during
the Christmas season, the province of Pampanga becomes the center of a
thriving industry centered on handcrafted lighted lanterns called “parols” that
displays a kaleidoscope of light and color. Other industries include its casket
industry and the manufacturing of all Purpose Vehicles present in the
Municipality of Sto. Tomas.

The province is famous for its sophisticated culinary industry. Kapampangans

are well known for their culinary creations. Well known food products range
from the ordinary to the exotic. Pampanga's Best and Mekeni Food are
among the better known meat brands of the country producing Kapampangan
favorites such as pork and chicken tocinos, beef tapa, hot dogs, and
longanezas (Philippines-style sausages and cured meats.)

Speciality foods such as the siopao, pandesal, tutong, lechon (roasted pig)
and its sarsa (sauce), are popular speciality foods in the region. The more
exotic betute tugak (stuffed frog), kamaru (mole crickets) cooked ala adobo,
bulanglang (pork cooked in guava juice), lechon kawali, and bringhe (a green
sticky rice dish like paella) are a mainstay in Kapampangan feasts. Native
sweets and delicacies like pastillas, turonnes de casuy, buro, are the most

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sought after by Filipinos including a growing number of tourists who enjoy

authentic Kapampangan cuisine. The famous cookie in Mexico, Pampanga,
Sanikulas, which is known as the mother of all Philippine cookies are one of
the best and the best are made in Mexico, Pampanga by Mrs. Lillian
Borromeo.

Tourism is a growing industry in the province of Pampanga. Clark Freeport

Zone, in Angeles City and Mabalacat, is home to Diosdado Macapagal
International Airport, Luzon's second International Airport and designated as
the Philippines future premier gateway site. Within the Clark Special
Economic Zone are well established hotels and resorts. Popular tourist
destinations in the province include: St. Peter Shrine in Apalit, Mt. Arayat
National Park in San Juan Bano, Arayat, the Paskuhan Village in the City of
San Fernando, the Casino Filipino in Angeles City, and for Nature and Wildlife
"Paradise Ranch and Zoocobia Fun Zoo" in Clark. Well known annual events
include the Giant Lantern Festival in December, the annual hot air balloon
festival in Clarkfield during the month of February, the San Pedro Cutud
Lenten Rites celebrated two days before Easter and the Aguman Sanduk in
Minalin celebrated on the afternoon of New Year's Day.

Other developing economies include a semiconductor industry involved in the

manufacturing of electronics and computers mostly located within the Clark
Special Economic Zone in Angeles City.
Source: http://www.islandsproperties.com/places/pampanga.htm

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Figure 10. Pampanga Province Map

Source: https://www.in-philippines.com/luzon/pampanga-province/

Population [2010] Cities of Pampanga

326,336 Angeles City

285,912 San Fernando

215,610 Mabalacat

Population [2010] Municipalities of Pampanga

101,537 Apalit

121,348 Arayat

31,508 Bacolor

102,399 Candaba

110,846 Floridablanca

111,199 Guagua

150,843 Lubao

70,777 Macabebe

103,597 Magalang

52,407 Masantol

146,851 Mexico

44,001 Minalin

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111,441 Porac

49,311 San Luis

48,353 San Simon

52,001 Santa Ana

38,762 Santa Rita

38,062 Santo Tomas

27,254 Sasmuan
Table 3. Cities and Municipalities of the Province of Pampanga in Luzon
Source: https://www.in-philippines.com/luzon/pampanga-province/

4.2 Micro Site Analysis

4.2.1 Clark Freeport Zone, Pampanga

Figure 11. Clark Freeport Zone

From a former US military base, Clark is now a premier logistics hub, a
modern industrial estateand the preffered business center in the Philippines.
With it’s own international airport, modern infrustructure, vast land area,
generous fiscal and non-fiscal incentives and a pool of a highly-skilled and
English-proficient labor force, clark is the strategic location for local and
foreign investments. Over the years, Clark has accumulated investments
worth billions and has generated employment for over 103,157 people,
including members of indigenous communities.
Around 911 companies are now operating in Clark and among the multi-

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national companies are Yokohama, Texas Instruments, Pheonix

Semiconductor Philippines, Corp., and L & T International Group. As of
September, 2017 alone, the total exports generated in Clark amounted to US$
3.78 Billion.
Clark has become popular venue for conferences, tourism and entertainment.
It offers world-class golf courses, casinos, hotels and a water park.
Source: G.I.S Office of Clark Freeport, Pampanga

Land and Locators

Geographical Location
Clark is located on the northwest side of Angeles City and on the west side of
Mabalacat City in the province of Pampanga. It is located about 40 miles(60
km) northwest of Metro Manila. Clark Freeport Zone has modern
infrustructure facilities, generous fiscal and non-fiscal incentives, professional
support services and other amenities.
Land Area
Clark is a redevelopment of the former Clark Air Base, a former United States
Air Force base in the Philippines. Clark is composed of the 4,400-hectare
Clark Freeport Zone and the 31,849-hectare Clark Special Economic Zone.
Clark is poised to be an, airport-driven urban center targeting high-end IT
enabled industries, aviation and logistics related entriprises, tourism and other
sectors. Notable locators include Texas Instruments, Yokohama Tire
Philippines, Inc., and Pheonix Semiconductor Philippines, Corp..
Administration
Clark is being administered by Clark Development Corporation (CDC), a
government owned and controlled corporation (GOCC) created in April 1993
by Executive Order (80) as the implementing arm of the Bases Conversion
Development Authority (BCDA).
Locator
Among the locators, around 20%, are from the Industrial sector. These
businesses are electronics and semi-con manufacturers. The largest of these
is SFA Semicon Philippines, Inc., a manufacturer of memory devices.
Companies like Nanox Philippines, Viskase, Texas Instruments and
Yokohama Tire Philippines, Inc., likewise have chosen Clark to be their base

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operations.
Land Use Plan
To ensure the efficiency of the zone and synergy among our locators, a land
use plan for Clark has been put in place, wherein areas in Clark have been
marked and divided into industry cluster.
CDC ensures our locators’ compliance to the plan prior to the approval of their
projects to make sure that each locator is in the most ideal area for their
industry.

Figure 12. Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP)

Source: G.I.S Office of Clark Freeport, Pampanga

CONTRIBUTION TO THE NATIONAL ECONOMY:

Clark’s success is not measured through profit, but rather, through it’s
contribution to the National Economy, and to the people residing in the
surrounding region. As such, we measure our performance using the following

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factors:
Investments
Among our largest investors (in no particular order) are: Philexcel Business
Park, Berthaphil, Inc. Peregrine Development International and Donggwang
Corporation, some of our largest developers; manufacturing firms, such as
SMK Electronics, Amertron Inc., HLD Clark Steel Pipe Co., Inc., Nanox
Philippines, Inc., Pheonix Semiconductor Philippines, Corp. Yokohama Tire
Philippines, Inc.; institutional firms such as Cebu Air, Inc. and Australian
International Training and Management Group; BPOs,such as NCO
Philippines, Clark and Sutherland Global Service, Philippines; and tourism
facilities, such as Eaglesky Technology Amusement and Gaming, Widus
International Leisure, and Fontana Resort and Country Club.

Figure 13.Clark’s Locators by Industry, as of 30 September 2017

Source: G.I.S Office of Clark Freeport, Pampanga

Exports

Value of exports in Clark is on an upward trend, at US$ 3.78 Billion already as

of 30 September 2017. this continuing increase in value of export is due to the
performance of our large manufacturing companies, such as SFA Semicon
Philippines, Corp., A South Korean firm, and Nanox Philippines, a Japanese
electronics manufacturing firm.
Employment

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As of 30 September 2017, Clark has 103,157 employees working in the 750

companies in the zone. A majority of the employees are employed under
companies involved in the Industrial (Manufacturing anf Agro-Industrial) and
Service (Information Technology/BPO, Commercial, Institutional, Utilities,
Government Agencies) sectors.

Figure 14. Employment, as of 30 September 2017

Source: G.I.S Office of Clark Freeport, Pampanga

Figure 15. Employment by Industry, as of 30 September 2017

Source: G.I.S Office of Clark Freeport, Pampanga

Tourist Arrivals
As one of our major engines of growth we have also focused on the
development of Clark as a major tourist destination. From 2009, tourist
arrivals have been steadily increasing thanks to Clark’s close proximity to
Diosdado Macapagal International Airport and various tourism events in Clark,
such as The Philippine Hot Air Balloon Festival and Clark Festival, which

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attracts thousand of visitors each year, and ourist destination such as the
Clark Museum and 4D Theater, Nayong Pilipino, and the various hotels,
resorts, and restaurants in Clark.
Clark was also host to some of the ASEAN Summit meetings in November,
2017.
Corporate Social Responsibility Endeavors
Clark’s CSR project are testment to the corporation’s commitment and
advocacy to contribute to economic development while improving the quality
of life of the surrounding communities. It is also a hallmark of it’s performance,
as CSR is one of the CDC’s critical access factors.

Among CDC’s notable CSR Projects are the following:

a. Clark HOTS Jobs Fair

b. Sitio Haduan Community Health Center
c. Sitio Huduan Foot Bridge
d. Annual jobd Fair for PWDs and IPs
e. Bi-Annual Jobs Fair
f. Trainings and Social Development Programs
g. Pangkabuhayan Carts for Indigenous People

4.3 Site Selection

4.3.1 Site Criteria

These are the general annd specific criteria that provided the researcher in
choosing the most suitable site for the project proposal.

General Criteria:

1. Accessibility - The site is accessible to private and public

transportatioon.

2. Flexibility - The site has the ability to be transformed and developed.

3. Feasibility - The size and shape of the site is suitable for the proposed

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project.

4. Availability - The utilities that are needed to the site such as water
supply, power and communication lines, telephone connections and existing
drainages.

5. Vicinity - There are near establishments that could be the source of

matrials that will use in the development of the project.

6. Conformity - Conformity to the general Land Use and Zoning of the

area.

7. Proximity - The relationship to the users.

8. Visibility - It pretains to having a clear view and ability to be seen

easily; place must be well-known to public especialy to the tourist.

9. Good Surroundings - The attractiveness of the destination’s

surroundings.

10. Safety - The existence of the fire protection abd security posts in the
locality.

11. Topography - The land characteristics of the site.

12. Profitability - The extent to which the site would produce a profit.

4.3.2 System of Evaluation and Rating

3 - Very Satisfactory 2 - Satisfactory 1 - Fair

Possible Sites
Clark Polytechnic, Memphis Gateway,
CRITERIA Clark Freeport, Clark Freeport,
Pampanga (site A) Pampanga (site B)

Accessibility 2 3
Flexibility 3 3
Feasibility 1 3

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Availability 3 2
Vicinity 2 3
Conformity 3 3
Proximity 3 3
Visibility 1 2
Good Surroundings 2 3
Safety 3 3
Topography 2 3
Profitability 2 2
Total Average 27 33
Table 4. System of Evaluation and Rating
4.3.3 Location Maps

Site A (Clark Polytechnic, Clark Freeport, Pampanga)

Site pictures

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Site B (Memphis Gateway, Clark Freeport, Pampanga)

Site pictures

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4.3.3.1 Lot Bearing

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4.4 District, Road Network, Utilities and Topography Maps

4.4.1 Slope Map

Figure 16. Clark Freeport Zone Slope Map

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

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4.4.2 Elevation Map

Figure 17. Elevation Map

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

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4.4.3 Contour Map

Figure 18. Contour Map

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

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4.4.4 Electricity Map

Figure 19. Electricity Map

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/
4.4.5 Fiber Optic Map

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Figure 20. Fiber Optic Map

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/
4.4.6 Major Road Network

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Figure 21. Major Road Network

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

4.4.7 Road Network Map

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Figure 22. Road Network and Road Name

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

4.4.8 Road Network Right-of-Way (ROW)

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Figure 23. Road Network Right-of-Way (ROW)

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

4.4.9 Sewer Line Map

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Figure 24. Sewer Line Map

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/
4.4.10 Slope Map Next Frontier

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Figure 25. Slope Map Next Frontier

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

4.4.11 Storm Drainage Map

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Figure 26. Storm Drainage Map

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

4.4.12 Telecommunication and Fiber Map

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Figure 27. Telecommunication and Fiber Map

Source:https://www.clark.com.ph/

4.4.13 Water Lines Map

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Figure 28. Water lines Map

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

4.4.14 District Map

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Figure 29. District Map

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

4.5 Conceptual Land Use Plan-Map

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4.5.1 Sub Zone Proclamation Map

Figure 30. Sub Zone Proclamation Map

Source:https://www.clark.com.ph/

4.5.2 Clark Special Economic Zone, New Clark City / Next

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Frontier / Sub-Zone – Master Development Plan

Figure 31. Clark Special Economic Zone, New Clark City / Next Frontier /
Sub-Zone – Master Development Plan

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

4.5.3 Clark Freeport Zone – Long Term Master Development Plan

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as of August 20, 2018 Map

Figure 32. Clark Freeport Zone – Long Term Master Development Plan as
of August 20, 2018 Map

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

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4.5.4 Clark Special Economic Zone – New Clark City Map

Figure 33. Clark Special Economic Zone – New Clark City Map

Source: https://www.clark.com.ph/

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4.6 Strenght, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT Analysis)

STRENGTH
- The site has enough lot space to accommodate it’s target occupants. It
also encourages future expansion
- Clark is the strategic location for local and foreign investments
- Clark is very popular when it comes to tourism and entertainment
- The site is very near the international airport and national road
- Clark has sufficient water and energy resources
- The site is near the Clark Development Corporation (CDC) and it is near
the shopping mall

WEAKNESSES
- Transportation is a bit difficult
- The lot is for lease, not for sale
- Clark has a high increasing establishment that can cause an
overcrowdinded area

OPPORTUNITIES
- The Training and physical rehab center may serve as a public use for all
those aspiring athletes and/or Para athletes
- The project could help boost the tourism and sports spectators of the
county
- Possible future extention or partner of the ongoing new sports center
- There is an inpour support and attention to sports and the Para athletes
- There is a high increase market to obtain the location when the
populations becomes big every year

THREATS
- Noisy
- Self-sustainability

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4.7 SITE ANALYSIS

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CHAPTER V

Project Profile / Owner’s Profile

5.1 TRAINING CENTER SYMBOL

This logo symbolizes the proposed training center for all differently abled
athletes and abled athletes. The symbol is composed of a mixture of;

OLYMPIC LOGO - The Olympic symbol consists of five interlaced

rings of equal dimensions (the Olympic rings), used alone, in one or in five
different colours. When used in its five-colour version, these colours shall
be, from left to right, blue, yellow, black, green and red. The rings are
interlaced from left to right; the blue, black and red rings are situated at
the top, the yellow and green rings at the bottom in accordance with the
following graphic reproduction. The Olympic motto is Citius, Altius,

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Fortius, which means “Faster, Higher, Stronger”.

PARALYMPIC LOGO - The Current Paralympic Symbol (three

Agitos) consists of three elements in red, blue and green - the three colors
that are most widely represented in national flags around the world. The
three Agitos (from the Latin meaning "I move") encircling a central point
symbolize motion, emphasize the role of the Paralympic Movement in
bringing athletes together from all corners of the world to compete. The
symbol also reflects the Paralympic Motto, "Spirit in Motion ," representing
the strong will of every Paralympian. The Paralympic Symbol also
emphasizes the fact that Paralympic athletes are constantly inspiring and
exciting the world with their performances: always moving forward and
never giving up.

EAGLE - their fierce demeanor and large size, eagles have long
been highly regarded as a symbol of power and grace by diverse
societies around the world. Eagles have figured prominently in
religion, mythology, art, literature, and other expressions of human
culture.

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5.2 PHILIPPINE SPORTS COMMISSION

Owner’s Profile

The Philippine Sports Commission (PSC) was created through

Republic Act No. 6847 in 1990 to serve as the “sole policy-making and
coordinating body of all amateur sports development programs and
institutions in the Philippines”. Its primary function is “to provide the
leadership, formulate the policies and set the priorities and directions of all
national sports promotion and development, particularly giving emphasis
on grassroots participation”.

In accordance with Republic Act 6847, the Philippine Sports

Commission (PSC) shall strictly observe and implement the following core
areas of concern:

· To provide leadership, formulate policies and set priorities and

direction of all national amateur sports promotion and development
(Functional Mandate);
· To encourage wide participation of all sectors in amateur sports
promotion and development (Grassroots and Sports-For-All); and
· To confer, extend and grant support or assistance to National Sports
Associations (High-level Sports).

Legal Basis and Mandate of Philippine Sport Commission

Republic Act No. 6847 (January 24, 1990) created the Philippine
Sports Commission as a regulatory national agency with the responsibility
of coordinating all amateur sports development programs and institutions
in the Philippines and formulating policies on said programs/institutions.

The Philippine Sports Commission (PSC) provides leadership,

formulates policies, and sets priorities and direction for all amateur sports
promotion and development, particularly giving emphasis on grassroots
participation.

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5.3 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF PHILIPPINE SPORTS

COMMISSION

Figure 34. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF PHILIPPINE SPORTS

COMMISSION

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5.4 Sports History

Baseball - Alexander Cartwright (1820-1892) of New York invented the

modern baseball field in 1845. Alexander Cartwright and the members of his
New York Knickerbocker Base Ball Club devised the first rules and
regulations that were accepted for the modern game of baseball.
Basketball - The first formal rules were devised in 1892. Initially, players
dribbled a soccer ball up and down a court of unspecified dimensions. Points
were earned by landing the ball in a peach basket. Iron hoops and a
hammock-style basket were introduced in 1893. Another decade passed,
however, before the innovation of open-ended nets put an end to the practice
of manually retrieving the ball from the basket each time a goal was scored.

Paintball - A milestone in the history of Paintball occurred in 1981 when

twelve friends played a version of "Capture the Flag" using the tree-marking
guns. The twelve friends decided to buy into a tree marking gun manufacturer
called Nelson and started promoting and selling the guns to the public for use
with the new recreational sport.

Cricket - The cricket bat was invented around 1853, the blade made of
willow, and a cane handle layered with strips of rubber, tied with twine and
covered with rubber to make a grip.
Football - Derived from the English game of rugby, American football was
started in 1879 with rules instituted by Walter Camp, player and coach at Yale
University.
Golf - Golf originated from a game played on the coast of Scotland during
the 15th century. Golfers would hit a pebble instead of a ball around the sand
dunes using a stick or club. After 1750, golf evolved into the sport as we
recognize it today. In 1774, Edinburgh golfers wrote the first standardized
rules for the game of golf.
Hockey - Ice hockey is played with two opposing teams wearing ice
skates. Unless there is a penalty, each team only has six players on the ice
rink at a time. The aim of the game is to knock the hockey puck into the
opposing team's net. The net is guarded by a special player called the goalie.

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Ice Skating - Around the 14th Century, the Dutch started using wooden
platform skates with flat iron bottom runners. The skates were attached to the
skater's shoes with leather straps. Poles were used to propel the skater.
Around 1500, the Dutch added a narrow metal double edged blade, making
the poles a thing of the past, as the skater could now push and glide with his
feet (called the "Dutch Roll").
Water Skiing - Water skiing came about on June 28, 1922, when
eighteen-year-old Ralph Samuelson of Minnesota, proposed the idea that if
you could ski on snow, then you could ski on water.
Skiing - Although the sport of skiing in America is little more than a
century old, researchers have dated a rock carving of a skier, found on the
Norwegian island of Rodoy as being over 4,000 years old. Skiing was so
revered in Scandinavia that the Vikings worshiped Ull and Skade, the god and
goddess of skiing. In the US, skiing was introduced by Norwegian gold
miners.
Softball - In 1887, George Hancock, a reporter for Chicago Board of
Trade, invented softball. He invented the game as a form of indoor baseball
on a cold winter day inside the warm Farragut Boat Club.
Swimming - Swimming pools did not become popular until the middle of
the 19th century. By 1837, six indoor pools with diving boards were built in
London, England. After the modern Olympic Games began in 1896 and
swimming races were among the original events, the popularity of swimming
pools began to spread
Tennis - Tennis originated from a 12th-century French game
called paume (meaning palm); it was a court game where the ball was struck
with the hand. Paume evolved into jeu de paume and rackets were used. The
game spread and evolved in Europe. In 1873, Major Walter Wingfield
invented a game called Sphairistikè (Greek for "playing ball) from which
modern outdoor tennis evolved.
Volleyball - William Morgan invented volleyball in 1895 at the Holyoke,
Massachusetts, YMCA (Young Men's Christian Association) where he served
as Director of Physical Education. Morgan originally called his new game of
Volleyball, Mintonette. The name Volleyball came about after a demonstration
game of the sport when a spectator commented that the game involved much

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"volleying" and game was renamed Volleyball.

5.5 MISSION AND VISION

MISSION

The Accipitridae aims to help all the athletes in general to improve more with
their skills and those aspiring athletes to do more and be more. It will help
improve physical and emotional lives of an aspiring athletes.It has the
international quality of sports training ground.

VISION

The Accipitridae strive for the success of all different athletes around the
country and endeavor to achive as the main voice of the sports for the next
generation.

5.6 LEGAL MANDATES

 REPUBLIC ACT No. 6847   (January 24, 1990) AN ACT CREATING AND
ESTABLISHING THE PHILIPPINE SPORTS COMMISSION, DEFINING
ITS POWERS, FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES,
APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

 Republic Act No. 7277 AN ACT PROVIDING

FOR THE REHABILITATION, SELF-DEVELOPMENT AND SELF-
RELIANCE OF DISABLED PERSON AND THEIR INTEGRATION. INTO
THE MAINSTREAM OF SOCIETY AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. This
Act shall be known and cited as the      Magna Carta for Disabled
Persons

 Executive Order No. 275       (January 26, 2004) COMMISSIONING

JOINTLY THE PHILIPPINE SPORTS COMMISSION AND THE
PHILIPPINE SPORTS ASSOCIATION FOR THE DIFFERENTLY-ABLED,
INC. (PHILSPADA) TO HOST THE 3RD ASEAN PARAGAMES 2005

 RA 10070 Establishing Institutional Mechanism To Ensure The

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Implementation Of Programs And Services For Persons With Disabilities

In Every Province, City and Municipality, Amending Republic Act No.
7277, Otherwise Known As The Magna Carta For Disabled Persons, As
Amended, And For Other Purposes

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CHAPTER VI

TECHNICAL DATA PRESENTATION

6.1 PROJECT PLANNING

Drawing Plan Requirements

The following requirements shall be considered in proposing the poject:
a. Perspective and Site Plan
b. Floor Plan
c. Front, rear, right, and left elevation
d. Two Sections
e. Foundation Plan
f. Floor framing (if elevated)
g. Roof framing plan
h. Ceiling plan and Electrical layout
i. Plumbing layout
j. Details

6.2 FACILITY
The following are the required facilities in a training center and a physical
rehab. The following are needed to be considered in planning the project, in
line with this is the standard maesurement of every sports court:

1. OLYMPIC SIZE SWIMMING POOL

An Olympic-size swimming pool is the type of swimming pool used in
the Olympic Games, where the race course is 50 metres (164.0 ft) in
length. This is typically referred to as "long course", distinguishing it from
"short course" which applies to competitions in pools that are 25
metres (82.0 ft) in length.

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Figure 35. Olympic size pool

Source: https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-dimensions-of-an-
Olympic-swimming-pool

2. BASKETBALL COURT
Regulation basketball court dimensions are 94 feet long by 50 feet
wide.
Basketball court size varies depending on the league and level of
play. For NBA court dimensions, as well as for WNBA and college, the
court measures 94 feet long by 50 feet wide. Note the paint area – the
free throw lane – is 16 feet across. The foul line is 15 feet from the face of
the backboard and 2 inches wide.
International Basketball Federation (FIBA) and Olympic basketball
courts call for the court to be slightly smaller at 91.9 feet by 49.2 feet. In
meters, that’s 28 by 15 meters.

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Figure 36. NBA Basketball size

Source: https://www.sportsfeelgoodstories.com/basketball-
court-dimensions-size-diagram/

3. SOCCER FIELD
 The field of play must be rectangular and marked with lines. These
lines belong to the areas of which they are boundaries.
 The centre mark is indicated at the midpoint of the halfway line. A
circle with a radius of 9.15 m (10 yds) is marked around it.
 Marks may be made off the fi eld of play, 9.15 m (10 yds) from the
corner arc and at right angles to the goal lines and the touch lines,
to ensure that defending players retreat this distance when a
corner kick is being taken.
 All marking lines must be of the same width, which must be not
more than 12 cm (5 in).
 The entire playing field should be within the following dimensions:
 Standard–> Touch line (length): 90 m (100 yd) to  120 m (130 yd);
Goal line (width) : 45 m (50 yd) to 90 m (100 yd)
 International matches –> Touch line (length): 100 m (110 yd) to
110 m (120 yd); Goal line (width) : 64 m (70 yd) to 75 m (80 yd)

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Figure 37. Soccer Field

Source: https://www.sportscourtdimensions.com/soccer/

Figure 38. Goal Fixtures

Source: https://www.sportscourtdimensions.com/soccer/

4. Volleyball Court

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Figure 39. Volleyball Court Dimensions

Source: https://www.volleyballpositions.net/court-dimensions/

5. BADMINTON

Overall Court Dimensions

The overall dimensions of a badminton court is 20 feet by 44 feet. The
lines along these measurements mark the sidelines for doubles play and
long service lines for singles play.
The Net Line
The net line marks the middle of the court where the net is placed,
creating a 22 feet by 20 feet area on each side of the net.
Short Service Line
The short service line is marked 6 feet 6 inches (some are marked 7 feet)
from the center line. The area inside the short service line is also called
the Non Volley Zone.
Center Line
The Center Line is the line that divides the court from the Short Service
Line to the Back Boundary Line. This delineates the Left from Right
Service Court.
Side Line for Singles Play
The Singles Side Line is marked 1 1/2 feet from the edge of the outer

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boundary (doubles side line)

Back Boundary Line and Long Service Line for Singles
The back boundary line is the same for singles and doubles play it is the
outermost back line on the court.
Long Service Line for Doubles
The Long Service line for Doubles is marked 2 1/2 feet inside the Back
Boundary Line.
The Badminton Net
The badminton net measures 5 feet tall in the center.
Source: https://sportsknowhow.com/badminton/dimensions/badminton-
court-dimensions.html

6. TABLE TENNIS
The table is 2.74 m (9.0 ft) long, 1.525 m (5.0 ft) wide, and 76 cm
(2.5 ft) high with any continuous material so long as the table yields a
uniform bounce of about 23 cm (9.1 in) when a standard ball is dropped
onto it from a height of 30 cm (11.8 in), or about 77%.The table or playing
surface is uniformly dark coloured and matte, divided into two halves by a
net at 15.25 cm (6.0 in) in height. The ITTF approves only wooden tables
or their derivates. Concrete tables with a steel net or a solid concrete
partition are sometimes available in outside public spaces, such as parks.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_tennis

7. TRACK AND FIELD

400m Running Tracks are rubberized running surfaces used for
various Track and Field competitions. With lanes designed to be 400m in
length from start to finish, 400m Running Tracks are the most commonly
used tracks that can easily accommodate for competitive sprint lengths of
100m, 200m, and 400m.

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Figure 40. Track and field dimensions

Source: https://www.dimensions.guide/collection/track-and-field

8. GYMNASTICS
Landing mats
Preference should be given to uniform colours. The thickness of the
mats for pommel is 100mm and for all other events, 200mm

Mens artistic gymnastics floor layout Womens artistic gymnastics floor layout

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Competition area for artistic gymnastics

SOURCE: https://www.dsr.wa.gov.au/support-
and-advice/facility-management/developing-facilities/dimensions-guide/sport-specific-
dimensions/gymnastics

9. TENNIS COURT
Key Tennis Court Dimensions
Overall Length: 78 ft / 23.77 m
Overall Width: 27 ft / 8.23 m (Singles), 36 ft / 10.97 m (Doubles)
Overall Surface Area: 2,106 sq ft / 195.7 sq m (Singles), 2,808 sq ft /
260.9 sq m (Doubles)
Areas of the Tennis Court

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Length of Service Box: 21 ft / 6.4 m

Width of Service Box: 13.5 ft / 4.1m
Area of Each Service Box: 283.5 sq ft / 26.3 sq m
Backcourt (No Man's Land): 18 ft / 5.5 m x 27 ft / 8.2 m (486 sq ft /
45.2 sq m)
Doubles Alley: 39 ft / 11.9 m x 4.5 ft / 1.4 m (175.5 sq ft / 16.3 sq m)
Net: 3ft / 0.9m high in the centre, 3.5ft / 1.1 m high at the net posts
Center Line: 4″ / 0.1 m long
Source: https://www.perfect-tennis.com/tennis-court-dimensions/

10. PHYSICAL REHABILITATION

Conditions treated with physical therapy
Many health problems that cause pain or limit your ability to move
normally may be helped by physical therapy. This type of rehab may be
needed at the hospital before you go home or to an extended care facility.
Here are some health problems that it may help:
Stroke. Stroke is a block or burst of the blood supply to the brain. The
most important part of stroke recovery is early rehab that often starts right
away in the hospital. Rehab can help you relearn how to manage daily
activities. It can also help you get back lost function and prevent more
damage.
Spine injury. Neck and back injuries need early treatment for the best
results. Physical therapy and rehab for these injuries start as soon as
possible at the hospital. They help limit more damage and shorten
recovery time.
Pain. If you have severe pain in the hospital after an injury or an
operation or because of a nerve or muscle problem, physical therapy may
help ease your pain. It can also help you to better handle it. 

Joint conditions. Joint problems can cause pain, stiffness, and

limited movement. They may be treated with physical therapy in the
hospital. Therapy can ease pain and improve range of movement. It can
also teach you how to use your joints without causing more damage.

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Examples of these conditions are ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis,

rheumatoid arthritis, and gout.
Other conditions. You might need physical rehab for cancer, heart
disease, lung problems, an infected wound, an amputation, or a severe
burn. You will also need it after joint replacement surgery. 

What happens during rehab treatments?

At the hospital, your physiatrist may talk with you, examine you, order
special tests, and look at your health records. Then he or she will come up
with a rehab treatment plan to fit your needs. A physical therapist (PT)
may help you carry out your plan. A PT is trained in how to restore
physical mobility and function after an injury or surgery. Other specialists
may also be involved, such as occupational therapists, speech and
language therapists, social workers, and psychologists.

Here are some of the ways these healthcare providers can help you:
 Help you exercise and build up your muscles
 Help you stretch your muscles to gain flexibility
 Give you range of motion exercises to maintain or increase movement
 Give you exercises and activities to help your coordination and
balance
 Teach you how to be safe when you leave the hospital
 Teach you how to be independent when you leave the hospital
 Improve healing by using massage, heat, cold, electric currents, or
sound waves

Physical therapy is a crucial part of recovery from many health

problems you may face in the hospital. In many cases, it is the start of a
process that will continue after you leave the hospital. It may be done at
an extended care facility. Or you may do it at an outpatient physical
therapy department or at home.

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Figure 42. Physical Therapy

Source: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-
tests-and-therapies/physical-rehabilitation-at-the-hospital

6.3 DESIGN SYSTEM AND TECHNOLOGY

For each sports facility (gym, arena, stadium, swimming pool, ice-skating

rink), you will find examples of typical installations and LED video solutions.
The various ranges of sports display units (scoreboards and LED video
display) are compatible and interact with each other. This way, you can
complete or enhance your sports display system very easily.

6.3.1 ADVANCEMENTS
Gigantic scoreboards are merely an example to the perks and
amenities inserted to further the enjoyment of the game. Training center
have now even invested in retractable glass end-zone doors, so inclement
weather is of no bother towards game continuance. Sports facility
management considers multiple concepts when deciding which upgrades
will garner the most return, providing support for pricey picks. Some of the
many technologies introduced are:
~Mobile Apps to order food at your seat
~Retractable roofs to preserve healthy blades and greenery
~Stadium composed of recycled materials
~Roofing built to cover 70 percent of stadium seats to contain
noise
~High-tech sound systems

6.3.2 BEAUTY OF TECHNOLOGY

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Training Centers making the determination to reinvent venues have

allowed the pace of the game to progress, and those leisurely
participating can experience an elevated level of enjoyment. Technology
helps boost the communication between players and coach and improves
the overall feedback of the game. The comforts made available at home
can now be mimicked to a greater degree, creating a positive impact on
an already adrenaline-fueled game. Feasibility studies comprehend the
additions necessary to catapult a memorable experience, and these
technological designs create a heightened sense of improvement.

CHAPTER VII

DESIGN FOCUS

7.1 DESIGN FOR CLIMATE

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Good passive design ensures that the occupants remain thermally

comfortable with minimal auxiliary heating or cooling in the climate where
they are built.

7.2 ORIENTATION
Orientation refers to the way you place your building on its site to take
advantage of climatic features such as sun and cooling breezes.

7.3 SHADING
Shading of your building and outdoor spaces reduces summer
temperatures, improves comfort and saves energy. Direct sun can
generate the same heat as a single bar radiator over each square metre
of a surface.

7.4 PASSIVE COOLING

Passive cooling is the least expensive way to cool your building. To
be effective, passive cooling techniques need to cool both the building
and the people in it with elements such as air movement, evaporative
cooling and thermal mass.

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7.5 THERMAL MASS

Thermal mass is the ability of a material to absorb and store heat
energy. A lot of heat energy is needed to change the temperature of high
density materials such as concrete, bricks and tiles: these materials have
high heat storage capacity and are therefore said to have high thermal
mass. Lightweight materials such as timber have low thermal mass.

7.6 SUSTAINABLE DESIGN

A) Environmentally-friendly building materials

The most desirable materials are those that are recycled or renewable, as
well as those that require the least energy to manufacture. There is often a
focus on using locally-obtained woods and stone, reducing the distance that
materials travel before being used in the construction process and supporting
local trades. There is a preference for wood that is harvested responsibly from
certified forests and all other materials are non-synthetic and non-toxic.

B) Efficient use of space

The importance of indoor environmental quality for affecting how an
individual feels in a space and focuses on features such as a healthy indoor
environment with adequate ventilation, temperature control, and the use of
materials that do not emit toxic gases.

C) Environmental benefits
 Advance living environment, protect nature, improve the air and water
quality, reduce solid waste, protect natural resources, reduce greenhouse gas
emissions.

D) Economic benefits
 Maximize the natural resources, reduce electrical power consumption,
reduce the cost of operations,  increases property value, improve
manufacture, optimizes the life cycle of the building.   

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E) Social benefits
 Advance the health and convenience for people, contribute to form the
healthy society. Bring the safety and satisfaction to the community when live
in sustainable constructions or cities.

F) Natural Ventilation
Natural ventilation is the use of wind and thermal buoyancy to create air
movement in and out of your home without the use of mechanical systems,
with the goal of bringing fresh air into your home. During nighttime in
the summer months natural ventilation can provide free cooling and reduce
your home energy use. Natural ventilation design is typically considered
during the home design phase.

7.6.1 NOISE REDUCTION

Noise reduction techniques can be broadly classified as passive and
active methods. Passive control involves reducing the radiated noise by
energy absorption, while the active method involves reducing source
strength or modifying acoustic field in the duct to obtain noise reduction.
Active noise control is being used only at low frequencies. At middle and
high frequencies, active noise control is hard to implement because there
are different phenomena of sound propagation. Thus, the main purpose of
the active sound control is to provide higher noise reduction at low
frequencies. While at higher frequencies standard solutions are applied,
and they are based on the application of absorbing properties of the
materials.

7.6.2 WATER PERCOLATION

Percolating waters include all waters which pass through the ground
beneath the surface of the earth without a definite channel and not shown
to be supplied by a definite flowing stream.

7.6.3 MECHANICAL SYSTEM

Natural Ventilation is dominant in the design of the training and
physical rehab center. But for necessary air conditioning, centralized

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systems, providing controlled heating, cooling and ventilation requied, are

employed widely. The design of the air-condition depends on the type of
structure in which the system is to be placed, the amount of space to be
cooled, the number of occupants, and the nature of their activity.
Air handling units are then placed on each floor of the building.
Multiple air handling units can be placed on a single floor if the floor is
unusually large.

7.6.4 SECURITY SYSTEM

The space planning of the project will be the main basis of security.
It’s own architecture will grant security for all spaces within the site
providing different passage ways for the public and for the administration
department, providing adequate lighting system to prevent blind spots,
incorporating fences for the needed spaces and the likes. But some
administrative means like monitoring and surveilance, pedestrian traffic
control and acces control will also be needed to further utilize the security
system.

7.6.5 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

Sprinkler System
A sprinkler system is an integrated system of underground and
overhead piping, designed in accordance with fire protection engineering
standards, and connected to one or more automatic water supplies. The
system is usually activated by heat from a fire, and the sprinkler heads
discharge water over the fire area. Sprinkler systems are nearly 100
percent effective. Many sprinkler system are supervised electrically from a
central station, and alarms are transmitted to fire department whenever
the sprinklers operate or when a valve in the sprinkler closes for any
reason. If a fire fighting unit arriving at a fire finds that the sprikler system
is not receiving sufficient water and pressure, a pumper is connected to
the sprinkler system to supply additional water.
Stand Pipe System
Many highrise buildings or other large buildings have an internal
system of water mains (standpipe) connected to fire hose stations.

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Trained occupants or employees of the building managementoperate the

hoses until the fire department arrives. Fire fighters can also connect their
hoses to outlets near the fires.

7.7 DESIGN CONSIDERATION FOR DIFFERENTLY ABLED PERSONS

 CAR PARKING

- Width parking aby shall be min. 3.30m. parallel designated parking

spaces should be 7000mm in length.

 ACCESS ROUTES

-A clear width of 2000mm is recommended

 RAMP

-External ramps should have a gradient not exceeding 1 in 20, with a

maximum rise of 450mm.

 EXTERNAL STEPS

-The clear width of external steps should not be less than 1200mm.

The total rise rise of a flight of steps between landings should be no

more than 1500mm.

 CORRIDORS

- A minimun corridor width of 1550mm is recommended

 ENTRANCES

- Adequate space should be provided outside all entrance door to

enable people to manuever, understand, access and use any intercom or

entry system.

 DOORS

- The clear opening width or entrance doors to new buildings should

be 1000mm and at least 850mm for existing buildings.

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 INTERNAL STAIRS

- The clear width of internal stairs should not be less than 1200mm. It

should be measured between handrails. Handrails should be positioned

with the upper surface 900mm to 1000mm above the pitch line of the stair

flight and above 900mm to 1100mm above landings.

 PASSENGER LIFTS

- Passenger lifts should always be located adjacent to stairs. A lift

should have recommended internal dimensions of 1800mm x 1800mm.

 SANITARY FACILITIES

- The horizontal travel distance to the nearest toilet facilities within a

public building should not exceed 40m.

 TOILETS

- Grab rails should be provided both sides of the cubicle. The WC seat

should be 480mm, enlarged cubicles should be 1200mm wide & provide a

900mm x 900mm circulation space clear.

A self-contained accessible changing area should have the

recommended dimensions of 2300mm x 2500mm.

 PUBLIC TELEPHONES

- The uppermost control should not ne higher than 1370mm above

floor level.

 VENDING MACHINES

- Vending machines should be positioned b/n 750mm & 1200mm

above floor level.

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CHAPTER VIII

SPACE PROGRAMMING/DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

8.1 ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMMING

 Spatial Organization

8.1.1 Staffing Requirements

STAFF REQUIREMENTS
Administration Building President 1
Executive Vice President 1
Asst. Vice President 1

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Secretary 4
Receptionist 2
Head Supervisor 1
Asst. Supervisor 1
Personnel 2
Cashier 8
Messenger 2
Janitor 20
Guard 10
Training Center Chairman 1
Asst. Chairman 1
Secretary 2
Supervisor 2
Personnel 2
Guard 10
Table 5. Staffing Requirements

8.2 Space Identification

1. Administration Building

2. Accounting Office

3. Administration and Finance Office

4. Admin Support Services

5. Personnel’s Area

6. Assistant Vice President Office

7. Aquatic Center

8. Business Development Office

9. Ticket Booth/Counter

10. Souvenir Shops

11. Cafeteria

12. Clinic

13. Concession Stand

14. Conference Hall

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15. Public Toilet

16. Janitor’s Room

17. Storage

18. Telephone Booth

19. Control Room

20. Dormitory

21. Mechanical Room

22. Electrical Room

23. Lobby

24. Lounge

25. Information Desk

26. Gymnasium

27. Meeting Room

28. Multi-purpose Hall

29. Office Work Room

30. Parking Area

31. Playing Floor Surface

32. Playing field

33. Pool Area

34. Public Relation and Marketing Office

35. Record Room

36. Security and Maintenance Office

37. Shower Room

38. Stadium

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39. Team Locker Room

40. Tournament Manager Office

41. Track and Field Oval

8.2.1 DEFINITION OF SPATIAL ELEMENTS

8.2.1.1 Quantitative and Qualitative Elements

No. of User’s x Area = Area of User

Area of User x 20% = Area of Circulation

Area of User + Area of Circulation = Total Area

COMPETITION VENUES
Space User’s Qualitative Req. Net Area(m2) Quantity Gross Area R
AQUATICS
Field of play Athletes, Refer to FINA 4400 3 15800
Coaches, Handbook Part IX 2600 1
technical Facilities Rules
officials
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 27000 11988
temporary seating
ATHLETICS
Field of play Athletes, As per IAAF 15372 1 15372
Coaches, Distance Running (183x84
technical Manual with )
officials reference to IAAF
Rule 240
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 60000 26660
temporary seating
Spectator’s Public, staff Surface area 0.5 10000 6000
standing area paved or gravel
with heavy duty
load capacity
BADMINTON
Field of play Athletes, As per IBF 1380 3 4140
Coaches, guidelines for all (46x30)
technical FOP technical

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officials requirements
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 5000 2220
temporary seating
BASKETBALL
Field of play Athletes, FIBA 680 1 680
Coaches, recommended (34x20)
technical
officials
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 15000 6660
temporary seating
BOXING
Field of play Athletes, As per AIBA 6.1 Varies 6.1
Coaches, guidelines for all (1 min.)
technical FOP technical
officials requirements
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 6000 2664
temporary seating
FENCING
Field of play Athletes, As per FIE 250 4 1300
Coaches, guidelines for all (10x25)
technical FOP technical 300 1
officials requirements (10x30)
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 4000 1776
temporary seating
FOOTBALL
Field of play Athletes, As per FIFA 7140 1 7140
Coaches, guidelines for all (105x68)
technical FOP technical
officials requirements
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 50000 22200
temporary seating
GYMNASTICS
Field of play Athletes, As per FIG Court 2800 1 2800
Coaches, guidelines for all (40x70)
technical FOP technical
officials requirements
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 15000 6660
temporary seating
JUDO
Field of play Athletes, As per IJF 2400 1 2400

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Coaches, guidelines for all (40x60)

technical FOP technical
officials requirements
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 8000 3552
temporary seating
TABLE TENNIS
Field of play Athletes, As per ITTF 512 1 1200
Coaches, guidelines for all (16x8x4co
technical FOP technical urts)
officials requirements
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 5000 2220
temporary seating
TAEKWONDO
Field of play Athletes, As per WTF 400 1 400
Coaches, guidelines for all (20x20)
technical FOP technical
officials requirements
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 5000 2220
temporary seating
TENNIS
Field of play Athletes, As per ITF 409.6 10 4096
Coaches, guidelines for all (32x12.8)
technical FOP technical
officials requirements
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 18250 8103
temporary seating
VOLLEYBALL
Field of play Athletes, As per FIVB 1080 1 1080
Coaches, requirements and (40x27)
technical court 1120-for 1 1120
officials layout/design for BV
all technicals (40x28)
details
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 27000 11988
temporary seating
WEIGHTLIFTING
Field of play Athletes, As per IWF 16 1 144
Coaches, guidelines for all (4x4)
technical FOP technical

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officials requirements
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 5000 2220
temporary seating
WRESTLING
Field of play Athletes, As per FILA 1352 1 1352
Coaches, guidelines for all (26x52)
technical FOP technical
officials requirements
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 8000 3552
temporary seating
Table 6. Competition Venues and Venue Gross Seating Capacity

Source: IOC Technical Manual on Design Standards For Competition Venues

OLYMPIC STADIUM
Space User’s Qualitative Req. Net Area (m2) Quantity Gross Area Req. (m2)
GENERIC SPACES
Ticketing Public, Staff Gross area 50 1 (8 int. 125
includes internal ,8 ext.
& external Windo
queue(s) ws)
Lobby/Ticket Public, Staff Enclosed and 36 1 216
Rip/General covered space;
Entry/Exit gross area
includes
queue(s)
Staff Entry/Exit Staff Enclosed and 36 1 108
covered space;
gross area
includes
queue(s)
Media Entry/Exit Press Enclosed and 36 1 108
covered space;
gross area
includes
queue(s)
Athlete’s and Athletes, Enclosed and 36 1 108
Technical Officials coaches, covered space;
Entry/Exit referees, gross area

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judges includes
queue(s)
Public Information Public Enclosed and 36 1 108
Desk covered space;
gross area
includes
queue(s)
Equipment Storage Staff Secure Storage 80 6 600
may be required;
generally, large
equipment needs
Mechanical Room Staff Enclosed space 15 1 18
Electrical Room Staff Enclosed space 15 1 18
Athlete’s Medical Athletes’ Enclosed air- 76 1 125
Area Medical conditioned
group space
Spectator’s Public, Enclosed air- 65 1 120
Medical Area Medical conditioned
group space
Media Center Press Enclosed space 450 1 540
for 300 press
and 60
photographers
Security Command Security Enclosed space 150 1 180
Center Personnel
Telecomm and Staff Enclosed space 25 1 30
Audiovisual Room adjacent to
power supply
boards UPS
units & A/C
services
Multipurpose Athletes, Enclosed space 200 1 240
Room coaches,
staff,
technical
officials
Competition Mgt. Staff Enclosed space 60 1 90

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Venue Mgt. Staff Enclosed space 75 1 115

Site Mgt. Staff Enclosed space 75 1 115
Cleaning and Staff Surface area 339 1 406.8
Waste Mgt. paved or gravel
with heavy duty
load capacity
Workforce Area Staff Enclosed space 680 1 820
Athlete’s Lounge Athletes, Enclosed space 100 1 125
coaches with seating area
Athlete’s dressing, Athletes, Enclosed space. 200 8 2400
locker, shower, coaches Separate male
toilet and female
facilities
Coache’s/Trainer’s Athletes, Enclosed space. 100 2 250
dressing, locker, coaches Separate male
shower, toilet and female
facilities
Administrative Staff Enclosed space 12 Varies 28.8
office (2min.)
Gen. Public Toilet Public, staff Either temporary 1.5 Varies 75
or permanent (50min.
units )
Kitchen and Staff Enclosed space 92 1 110.4
preparation areas
with dry and cold
storages
Souvenir shops Public, staff Enclosed space 330 Varies 312
with secure staff (4min.)
entry; includes
queue(s)
Commercial Public, Staff Enclosed space 600 Varies 2400
Spaces for Lease with secure staff (4min.)
entry; includes
queue(s)
ACTIVITY, TRAINING, COMPETITION FIELDS
Football field, oval Athletes’ As per IAAF 15372 1 15372
coaches, Distance (183x84)
technical Running Manual 7140 1

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officals withreference to 105x68)

IAAF Rule 240;
and FIFA
guidelines
Spectator’s Seat Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 50000 22200
temporary
seating
Minor Venue 1 Athletes, As per FIG Court 2100 1 2100
coaches, for all FOP
staff, technical
technical requirements
officials
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 1500 666
temporary
seating
Minor Venue 2 Athletes, As per FILA 1352 1 1352
coaches, guidelines for all
staff, FOP technical
technical requirements
officials
Spectator’s seats Public, staff Permanent, 0.37 1500 666
temporary
seating
Indoor Gym Athletes, As per IJF 400 1 400
(for Judo) coaches, guidelines for all
staff, FOP technical
technical requirements
officials
Indoor Gym Athletes, As per WTF 144 1 144
(for Taekwondo) coaches, guidelines for all (4 mats)
staff, FOP technical
technical requirements
officials
SUBTOTAL: 52792
Table 7. OLYMPIC STADIUM SPACE REQUIREMENTS

Source: IOC Technical Manual on Design Standards For Competition Venues

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MULTIPURPOSE ARENA
SPACE USER’S QUALITATIVE REQ. NET AREA(m2) QUANTITY GROSS AREA REQ. (m2)
GENERIC SPACES
Ticketing Public, Gross area 50 1 (8 int. , 125
staff includes interior 8
& external ext.windo
queue(s) ws)
Lobby/Ticket Public, Enclosed and 36 Varies 216
Rip/General staff covered space; (2min.)
Entry/Exit gross area
includes
queue(s)
Staff Entry/Exit Public, Enclosed and 36 1 108
staff covered space;
gross area
includes
queue(s)
Media Entry/Exit Staff Enclosed and 36 1 108
covered space;
gross area
includes
Athlete’s and Athletes, Enclosed and 36 1 108
Technical coaches, covered space;
Officials referees, gross area
Entry/Exit judges includes
queue(s)
Public Public Enclosed and 36 1 108
Information Desk covered space;
gross area
includes
queue(s)
Equipment Staff Secure storage 80 4 400
Storage may be
required;
generally, large
equipment
needs

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Mechanical Staff Enclosed space 15 1 18

Room
Electrical Room Staff Enclosed space 15 1 18
Athlete’s Medical Athletes, Enclosed air- 76 1 125
Area medical conditioned
group space
Spectator’s Public, Enclosed air- 65 1 120
Medical Area medical conditioned
group space
Media Center Press Enclosed space 450 1 540
for 300 press
and 60
photographers
Security Security Enclosed space 150 1 180
Command personnel
Center
Telecomm and Staff Enclosed space 25 1 30
Audiovisual adjacent to
Room power suppply
boards, UPS
units & A/C
services
Multipurpose Athletes, Enclosed space 200 1 240
Room coaches,
technical
officials
Competition Mgt. Staff Enclosed space 60 1 90
Venue Mgt. Staff Enclosed space 75 1 115
Site Mgt. Staff Enclosed space 75 1 115
Cleaning and Staff Surface area 339 1 406.8
Waste paved or gravel
Management with heavy duty
load capacity
Workforce Area Staff Enclosed space 680 1 820
Athlete’s Lounge Athlete’s, Enclosed space 100 1 125
coahes with seating
areas
Athlete’s Athletes, Enclosed 200 8 2400

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dressing, locker, coaches space.

shower, toilet Separate male
and female
facilities
Coach/Trainer’s Athletes, Enclosed 100 2 250
dressing, locker, coaches space.
shower, toilet Separate male
and female
facilities
Administrative Staff Enclosed space 12 Varies 28.8
Office (2min.)
Gen. Public Public, Either 1.5 Varies 75
Toilets staff temporary and (50min.)
permanent
units
Kitchen and Staff Enclosed space 92 1 110.4
Preparation
Areas with Dry
and Cold
Storages
Souvenir Shops Public, Enclosed space 30 Varies 312
Staff with secure (4min.)
staff entry;
includes
queue(s)
Commercial Public, Enclosed space 600 Varies 2400
Spaces for Staff with secure (4min.)
Lease staff entry;
includes
queue(s)
ACTIVITY, TRAINING, COMPETITION
Main Venue Athletes’ As per IBF 1380 1 1380
coaches, guidelines for (46x30)
technical all technical
officals requirements
Spectator’s Seat Public, Permanent, 0.37 20000 8880

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staff temporary
seating
Minor Venue 1 Athletes, As per FIVB 720 1 720
coaches, requirements (24x15)
staff, and court
technical layout/design
officials for all technical
details
Spectator’s Public, Permanent, 0.37 1500 666
seats staff temporary
seating
Minor Venue 2 Athletes, FIBA 680 1 680
coaches, recommended
staff,
technical
officials
Spectator’s Public, Permanent, 0.37 1500 666
seats staff temporary
seating
Indoor Gym Athletes, As per IBF 500 3 1500
(for Badminton) coaches, guidelines for
staff, all FOP
technical technical
officials requirements
Indoor Gym Athletes, As per ITTF 192 1 192
(for Table coaches, guidelines for (8 tables)
Tennis) staff, all FOP
technical technical
officials requirements
SUBTOTAL: 24376
Table 8. MULTIPURPOSE ARENA SPACE REQUIREMENTS

Source: IOC Technical Manual on Design Standards For Competition Venues

AQUATIC STADIUM
SPACE USER’S QUALITATIVE REQ. NET AREA(m2) QUANTITY GROSS AREA REQ. (m2)
GENERIC SPACES
Ticketing Public, Gross area 50 1 (8 int. , 125
staff includes 8 ext.

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internal & Windows

external )
queue(s)
Lobby/Ticket Public, Enclosed and 36 Varies 216
Rip/General staff covered space; (2min.)
Entry/Exit gross area
includes
queue(s)
Staff Entry/Exit Staff Enclosed and 36 1 108
covered space;
gross area
includes
queue(s)
Media Entry/Exit Press Enclosed and 36 1 108
covered space;
gross area
includes
queue(s)
Athlete’s and Athletes, Enclosed and 36 1 108
Technical coaches, covered space;
Officials referees, gross area
Entry/Exit judges includes
queue(s)
Public Public Enclosed and 36 1 108
Information Desk covered space;
gross area
includes
queue(s)
Equipment Staff Secure storage 80 4 400
Storage may be
required;
generally, large
equipment
needs
Mechanical Staff Enclosed 15 1 18
Room space

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Competition Mgt. Staff Enclosed 60 1 90

space
Venue Mgt. Staff Enclosed 75 1 115
space
Site Mgt. Staff Enclosed 75 1 115
space
Cleaning and Staff Surface area 339 1 406.8
Waste paved or gravel
Management with heavy duty
load capacity
Workforce Area Staff Enclosed 680 1 820
space
Athlete’s Lounge Athlete’s, Enclosed 100 2 250
coahes space with
seating areas
Athlete’s Athletes, Enclosed 200 4 1200
dressing, locker, coaches space.
shower, toilet Separate male
and female
facilities
Coach/Trainer’s Athletes, Enclosed 100 2 250
dressing, locker, coaches space.
shower, toilet Separate male
and female
facilities
Administrative Staff Enclosed 12 Varies 28.8
Office space (2min.)
Gen. Public Public, Either 1.5 Varies 75
Toilets staff temporary and (50min.)
permanent
units
Kitchen and Staff Enclosed 92 1 110.4
Preparation space
Areas with Dry
and Cold
Storages
Souvenir Shops Public, Enclosed 30 Varies 312

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Staff space with (4min.)

secure staff
entry; includes
queue(s)
Commercial Public, Enclosed 600 Varies 2880
Spaces for Staff space with (4min.)
Lease secure staff
entry; includes
queue(s)
SWIMMING POOLS

Field of Play Athletes, Refer to FINA 4400 3 15800

coaches, Handbook Part 2600 1
staff, IX Facilities
technical Rules
officials
Spectator’s seats Public, Permanent, 0.37 27000 11988
staff temporary
seating
SUBTOTAL: 36885
Table 8. AQUATIC STADIUM SPACE REQUIREMENTS

Source: IOC Technical Manual on Design Standards For Competition Venues

ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING AND TRAINING CENTER

SPACE USER’S QUALITATIVE REQ. NET AREA(m2) QUANTITY GROSS AREA REQ. (m2)
Lobby/Reception Public, Enclosed and 36 Varies 216
staff covered space; (2min.)
gross includes
queue(s)
Chairman’s Staff Enclosed air- 100 1 120
Office with T & B conditioned
space
Board Room Staff Enclosed air- 50 1 60

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conditioned
space
Chairman’s Staff Enclosed air- 9 2 21.6
Staffs Office conditioned
space
Executive Staff Enclosed air- 9 1 10.8
Secretary’s conditioned
Office space
Board Staff Enclosed air- 9 1 10.8
Secretary’s conditioned
Office space
Other Staff Enclosed air- 12 Varies 86.4
Administrative conditioned (6 min.)
Office space
Accounting Staff Enclosed air- 12 1 14.4
Office conditioned
space
Cashier Staff Enclosed air- 12 1 14.4
conditioned
space
Procurement Staff Enclosed air- 12 1 14.4
Office conditioned
space
Legal Affairs Staff Enclosed air- 12 1 14.4
Office conditioned
space
Planning Office Staff Enclosed air- 12 1 14.4
conditioned
space
Staff’s Offices Staff Enclosed air- 12 Varies 86.4
conditioned (6 min.)
space
Records Office Staff Enclosed air- 12 1 14.4
conditioned
space
Equipment Staff Secure storage 80 Varies 600
Storage may be (6 min.)

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required;
generally, large
equipment
needs
Mechanical Staff Enclosed space 15 Varies 108
Room (6 min.)
Electrical Room Staff Enclosed space 15 Varies 108
(6 min.)
Clinic Athletes, Enclosed air- 200 1 125
medical conditioned
group space
Security Securirty Enclosed space 150 1 180
Command personnel
Center
Telecomm and Staff Enclosed space 25 1 30
Audiovisual adjacent to
Room power supply
boarda, UPS
units & A/C
services
Conference Athletes, Enclosed space 100 Varies 360
Room coaches, (3 min.)
staffs
Center Mgt. Staff Enclosed space 15 1 18
Site Mgt. Staff Enclosed space 15 1 18
Cleaning and Staff Enclosed and 30 1 36
Waste Mgt. open spaces
Workforce Area Staff Enclosed space 680 1 820
Athlete’s Lounge Athletes, Enclosed space 100 2 250
coaches with seating
area
Athlete’s Athletes, Enclosed 200 Varies 2400
dressing, locker, coaches space. (8 min.)
shower, toilet Separate male
and female
facilities
Coach/Trainer’s Athletes, Enclosed 100 Varies 500
dressing, locker, coaches space. (4 min.)

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shower, toilet Separate male

and female
facilities
Gen. Public’s Public, Either 1.5 Varies 75
Toilet staff temporary or (50 min.)
permanent
units
Kitchen and Staff Enclosed space 92 1 110.4
Preparation
Areas with Dry
and Cold
storages
Employees’ Staff Enclosed air- 100 1 120
Pantry conditioned
space
Athlete’s canteen Athletes, Enclosed air- 200 1 240
public conditioned
space
Souvenir Shop Public, Enclosed space 30 Varies 156
staff with secure (2 min.)
staff entry;
includes
queue(s)
Library Athletes, Enclosed air- 200 1 240
coaches, conditioned
staff space
Training Gym Athletes, Enclosed air- 200 Varies 1440
coaches, conditioned (6 min.)
staff space
Training Areas Athletes, Enclosed air- 680 Varies 4896
coaches, conditioned (6 min.)
staff space
Audiovisual Athletes, Enclosed air- 50 Varies 180
Room coaches, conditioned (3 min.)
staff space
Service Area Staff Surface area 339 1 406.8
paved or gravel

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with heavy duty

load capacity
Male, Female, Public, Either 1.5 Varies 75
and PWD Toilets staff temporary or (50 min.)
permanent
Open court Athletes, Surface area 680 1 816
coaches, concrete with
staff heavy duty load
capacity
SUBTOTAL: 15007
Table 9. ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING AND TRAINING CENTER SPACE

REQUIREMENTS

Source: IOC Technical Manual on Design Standards For Competition Venues

ATHLETE’S DORMITORY
SPACE USER’S QUALITATIVE REQ. NET AREA(m2) QUANTITY GROSS AREA REQ. (m2)
Lobby/Reception Public, staff Enclosed and 36 Varies 216
covered space; (2 min.)
gross includes
queue(s)
Administrative Staff Enclosed air- 12 Varies 28.8
Offices conditioned (2 min.)
Equipment Staff Secure storage 80 Varies 300
Storage may be (3 min.)
required;
generally, large
equipment
needs
Mechanical Staff Enclosed space 15 Varies 108
Room (6 min.)
Electrical Room Staff Enclosed space 15 Varies 108
(6 min.)
Security Security Enclosed space 150 1 180
Command Personnel
Center
Conference Athletes, Enclosed space 100 Varies 360
Room coaches, (3 min.)

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staff
Center Mgt. Staff Enclosed space 15 1 18
Site Mgt. Staff Enclosed space 15 1 18
Cleaning and Staff Enclosed and 30 1 36
Waste Mgt. open spaces
Staff Room Staff Enclosed space 100 Varies 360
(3 min.)
Staff’s Lodging Staff Enclosed air- 12 Varies 129.6
conditioned (9 min.)
space
Athlete’s Lodging Athletes, Enclosed air- 15 Varies 540
with T & B staff conditioned (30 min.)
(1 bed) space
Athlete’s Lodging Athletes, Enclosed air- 20 Varies 960
with T & B staff conditioned (40 min.)
(2 bed) space
Athlete’s Lodging Athletes, Enclosed air- 25 Varies 600
(6 bed) staff conditioned (20 min.)
space
Athlete’s Lodging Athletes, Enclosed air- 30 Varies 3240
(10 bed) staff conditioned (90 min.)
space
Trainers/Coache Coaches, Enclosed air- 12 Varies 2160
s’ Lodging staff conditioned (150
(1 bed) space min.)
Athlete’s Lounge Athletes, Enclosed space 100 Varies 375
coaches with seating (3 min.)
areas
General Athletes, Enclosed 100 Varies 2400
Dressing, coaches space. (20 min.)
Locker, Shower, Separate male
Toilet and female
facilities
Kitchen and Staff Enclosed space 30 Varies 108
Preparation (3 min.)
Areaswith Dry
and Cold
Storage

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Canteen Athletes, Enclosed air- 200 Varies 720

public conditioned (3 min.)
space
Library/Study Athletes, Enclosed air- 100 Varies 360
Area coaches, conditioned (3 min.)
staff space
Training Gym Athletes, Enclosed air- 200 Varies 720
coaches, conditioned (3 min.)
staff space
Service Area Athletes, Surface area 339 Varies 1220.4
staff paved or gravel (3 min.)
with heavy
lduty load
capacity
Open court Athletes, Surface area 680 1 816
coaches, concrete with
staff heavy duty load
capacity
SUBTOTAL: 16081.80
Table 9. ATHLETE’S DORMITORY SPACE REQUIREMENTS

Source: IOC Technical Manual on Design Standards For Competition Venues

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8.3 GRAPHICAL AND SPATIAL PROGRAMMING

8.3.1 GENERAL MATRIX DIAGRAM

8.3.2 GENERAL BUBBLE DIAGRAM

PHYSICAL
REHAB

AQUATIC
CENTER GYMNASIUM

TRAINING
CENTER
DORMITORY ADMINISTRATION
BUILDING

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8.3.3 ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING MATRIX DIAGRAM

8.3.4 ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING BUBBLE DIAGRAM

1 2

6&7 15 4

8 3 5
11
10 9
16
18 13
19 14
20
21
17 12
22
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8.3.5 TRAINING CENTER MATRIX DIAGRAM

8.3.6 TRAINING CENTER BUBBLE DIAGRAM

PLAY FLOOR
AREA
TOILET
FITNESS GYM
FACILITIES
PRESS TV
ROOM
JANITORIAL &
SANITARY
STORAGE EXECUTUVE
OFFICE
DEPARTMENT
OFFICE

SECURITY CLINNIC
MEETING
ROOM
OFFICE INFORMA
TION
DESK

LOBBY
THE ACCIPITRIDAE: A BIOMIMICRY SPORTS TRAINING AND PHYSICAL REHAB CENTER IN
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8.3.7 PHYSICAL REHAB MATRIX DIAGRAM

8.3.8 PHYSICAL REHAB BUBBLE DIAGRAM

EXAM ROOM

THERAPIST LCP WELLNESS

ROOM GYM
NURSE
ROOM
TRAINING
CAFETERI ROOM
A
PAIN
REHAB
TOILET SPORTS
FACILITIES INJURY
INFO. REHAB
DESK

STORAGE
ROOM LOBBY
EMERGEN
CY ROOM
TEKEP
HONE
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8.3.9 STADIUM (OVAL) MATRIX DIAGRAM

8.3.10 STADIUM (OVAL) BUBBLE DIAGRAM

PLAY FLOOR TEAM LOCKER

SURFACE ROOM

EXECUTIVE
OFFICE
MEETING SHOWER
ROOM ROOM

STORAGE
ROOM
PRESS-TV
ROOM
TOILET
FACILITIES TE

TICKET
JANITORIAL & BOOTH
SANITARY
STORAGE FIRST AID
ROOM
INFO.
DESK

LOBBY
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8.3.11 AQUATIC CENTER MATRIX DIAGRAM

8.3.12 AQUATIC CENTER BUBBLE DIAGRAM

PLAY FLOOR TEAM LOCKER

SURFACE ROOM

EXECUTIVE
OFFICE
MEETING SHOWER
ROOM ROOM

STORAGE
ROOM
PRESS-TV
ROOM
TOILET
FACILITIES TE

TICKET
JANITORIAL & BOOTH
SANITARY
STORAGE FIRST AID
ROOM
INFO.
DESK

LOBBY
 THE ACCIPITRIDAE: A BIOMIMICRY SPORTS TRAINING AND PHYSICAL REHAB CENTER IN
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CHAPTER IX
DESIGN CONCEPT
9.1 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
“Less is more.”
- Ludwig Mies van dor Rohe

By being innovative and visionary, an architect shall never forsake the

natural environment in creating a new, man-made one. At first glance, it
seems possible. But a true architect shall always remain optimistic to be able
to create something out of resources he is given without taking for granted.
The less impact he creates to the physical world, the more he contributes to it
and to the society.

9.2 DESIGN CONCEPT

9.2.1 MAJOR DESIGN CONCEPT

Designer should envision the future changes that may occur for it to be
easily adopted. Sustainability is one of the major factors to be consoder in
building the Training and Physical Rehab Center.this is achieved through the
modular nomadic architecture that aims to create temporary yet functional
repurposive athletic spaces.

9.2.2 MINOR DESIGN CONCEPT

 FORM
Eagles, known for their fierce demeanor and large size, eagles have
long been highly regarded as a symbol of power and grace by diverse
societies around the world. Eagles have figured prominently in religion,
mythology, art, literature, and other expressions of human culture. The
concept is formed to portray Sports Training Center to be the way for all
differently abled and abled athletes to gain more strength and to be more,
by just spreading their wings they can fly high and achieve their dreams to
be more eventhough some athletes are differently abled. The Accipitridae
 THE ACCIPITRIDAE: A BIOMIMICRY SPORTS TRAINING AND PHYSICAL REHAB CENTER IN
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embraces the athletes from all over the world with enthusiam and
openness.
 FUNCTION
The project shall provide sports training facilities, physical rehab and a
healing garden to the needs of the athletes specially of the filipino
sportsmen.
 TIME
The goal of the project building is to achieve the sustainability and
lasting support to the sports community and the country as a whole.
 ECONOMY
Being modular and temporary in constrruction, the sports training
center is projected to spend less in all construction costs and generate
investment and income in return. The sports training center will not only
benefit the athletes but also those aspiring athletes who’s physically
disabled.
 SAFETY
The Accipitridae complies with all the necessary safety standards of
the National Building Code and the Fire Code of the Philippines and
provides all the immidiate and efficient precautionary measures all the
time.
 CIRCULATION

The Accipitridae gives maximum access for human and car traffic
inside the buildings and the complex. It provides effective walkways with
convenience to all types of users considering the elderly and the PWD’s
and for an efficient way of finding and considering that every facility is
accessible to each other. Also, the circulation paves for effective fire exits
and safety precautions in th structure.

9.3 DESIGN OBJECTIVES

The objective of the project is to build a new sports training facility and a
physical rehab to help athletes and aspiring athletes to have a better training
facility and also to help promote the growing number of differently abled
athletes in the country.
 THE ACCIPITRIDAE: A BIOMIMICRY SPORTS TRAINING AND PHYSICAL REHAB CENTER IN
CLARK FREEPORT ZONE, PAMPANGA

CHAPTER X

CONCLUSION

10.1 RECOMMENDATION

Through the process of writing this research, the researcher come up with
these recommendation(s):
1. The Accipitridae offers to be part of the ongoing structure of the new
Philippines Sports Center to be used for International Games which is also at
the same site of the proposed training and physical rehab center.
2. Sports is a vital part of the Filipino culture, the government should
consider prioritizing sports in their list, so it could be properly capitalized,
which also aids to promote sports in the country. It can be a big help to the
Para Athletes to gain more attention and be financed accordingly.

10.2 CONCLUSION

By establishing the Sports Training Center, the country’s national athletes

and coaches will have a new, decent and much needed home for training
venues. This can ensure the spot for the local athletes competing in
international competition. The study sees the potential approach from training
facility to a recreational establishment to widen the purpose of the project.