LESSON 5
Pre-test
Direction: Identify some notable members of the Reform Movement.
1. OEJS IARLZ
:__________________________
2. AERLMRCO EDL IARPL
:___________________________
3. RAGAOICAN ZOPLE NAEJA
:__________________________
4. TANNOOI NLAU
:__________________________
5. XFLIE ERESOSUNCRCI OAHIGLD
:___________________________
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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
LESSON 5
Lesson 5. LA SOLIDARIDAD KARTILYA
AT GUNITA NG HIMAGSIKAN
Lesson 5
Learning Outcomes:
Required 1. Relate the application of Kartilya ng Katipunan to
resources: present time
2. Analyze the works and writings as primary source
a. PPT of the events.
b. Worksheet 3. Evaluate arguments of Emilio Aguinaldo’s Gunita ng
c. videos
HImagsikan. as a primary source.
d. readings
A. PRE-ACTIVITY
This is part of the article that was written by Marcelo H Del Pilar. It was a satire depicting how
the church was using its powers to abuse the Filipinos during the Spanish period.
Question: How do you think the friars/priests reacted upon reading this.? Write your answer
on the space provided.
Answer:____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________.
45
READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
LESSON 5
Lesson 5. LA SOLIDARIDAD KARTILYA
AT GUNITA NG HIMAGSIKAN
Lesson 5
Learning Outcomes:
Required 4. Relate the application of Kartilya ng Katipunan to
resources: present time
5. Analyze the works and writings as primary source
a. PPT of the events.
b. Worksheet 6. Evaluate arguments of Emilio Aguinaldo’s Gunita ng
c. videos
HImagsikan. as a primary source.
d. readings
B. CONTENT
In this lesson, we will discuss about the Reform Movement, its members and their
contributions in the development of Nationalism among the Filipinos.
Some of our heroes used pen names when
they wrote their articles. This is to prevent
persecution for freely expressing their
grievances against the Spanish colony. Here
are some of them.
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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
LESSON 5
Writers Pen Names
[Link] Maria Panganiban Jomapa
2. Antonio Luna Taga ilog
3 Jose Rizal Laong-laan, Dimasalang
4. Emilio Jacinto Pingkian,Dimasilaw, Dimas -alam
5. Mariano Ponce Kalipulako, Naning,tikbalang
[Link] Lopez Jaena .Diego laura
7. Andres Bonifacio Agapito Bagumbayan
8. Marcelo H. Del Pilar Plaridel, Dolores Manapat
9.. Juan Luna Buan (moon)
[Link] Mabini Bini
Jose Rizal was executed by the
Spanish colonial government for the
crime of rebellion. This was after the
Philippine Revolution, inspired in part
by his writings, broke out. Though he
was not actively involved in its
planning or conduct, he ultimately
approved of its goals which eventually
led to Philippine Independence.
At the age of 18 Graciano Lopez Jaena
wrote the satirical story Fray Botod which
depicted a fat and lecherous friar. Although
the story was not published, a copy
circulated in Iloilo and . this made the friars
so furious.
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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
LESSON 5
Title: The Christian Virgins Exposed
to the Rabble.
The work of Felix Resurrection
Hidalgo who is acknowledge as
one of the Great Filipino
Painters. It is said to be
depicting the wrong doings of
the Friars (Dominicans,
Franciscans ,Augustinians) who
were hiding their horrible
personalities behind their robes
Title: Spoliarium
This is the work of Juan Luna .The
painting was submitted to the
Exposición Nacional de Bellas
Artes in 1884 in Madrid, where it
garnered the first gold
medal. These and the other works
helped aroused the nationalistic
sentiments of the Filipinos inspiring
them to fight the oppression of the
Spaniards
Andres Bonifacio founded a secret organization
known as the Kataas-taasan, Kagalanggalang na
Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan. As he belived
that a revolution is the only remedy to gain
independence from Span. With the execution of
Jose Rizal in Bagumbayan now Luneta, the KKK
gained more supporters and so the fight of the
Filipinos continued with the use of arms now
known in history as the Philippine Revolution.
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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
LESSON 5
Emilio Jacinto was known as the
“Brains of the Katipunan” (Agoncillo,
1993) According to Bonifacio he is the “eye
and soul” of the Katipunan. He obtained
his Bachelor of Arts degree in Colegio de
San Juan de Letran. He took law at the
University of Santo Tomas but his studies
was interrupted by the revolution. His pen
names are Pingkian (Inflamable), Dimas-
Alam and Dimas-Ilaw
•
As we analyze the text, the teachings of the Kartilla emphasize:
a. Spending life for a cause h. fighting the oppressors
b. Kindness i. wise use of word & keeping secret
c. Holiness j. father as guide of the family
d. Equality of Man k. respect for women
e. Honor l. Golden Rule
f. Word of Honor m. the true worth of a man
g. Wise spending of time
THE TEACHINGS OF THE KATIPUNAN
• In a secret revolutionary society such as the Katipunan, it is very important to set up
rules that would govern the conduct of its members. The rules must be essentially
normative or ethical in nature like the above teachings which are guidelines for a better
way of life.
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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
LESSON 5
• With the learning of the Kartilla,
we have a better appreciation of Emilio
Jacinto as a man, a revolutionist, a hero
and a Filipino. Thorough understanding
of his legacy which became instrumental
in asserting freedom from the Spanish
colonizers through the Katipunan. Moral
character is much more important than
one’s achievements and leaders should
set moral standards for their
subordinates
Primary Source: Gunita ng HImagsikan by Emilio Aguinaldo
Aguinaldo wrote a lot in his old age. It
was between 1928 and 1946, he
produced in long hand the first volume of
his memoirs, “Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan
(1964),” translated from the original
Tagalog as “Memoirs of the Revolution”
(1967). Here, Aguinaldo says the
memoirs were based on a diary he kept,
documents he preserved, and family lore
gathered from his elders. It also provided
an account from his birthday, his early
years, up to 1897 Treaty of Biak na Bato.
The second volume is about resumption of
the Philippine Revolution against Spain and
the Philippine-American War. With this,
Aguinaldo wanted to correct history by
making reference to the historian’s confused accounts on the
beginning of the Revolution.
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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
LESSON 5
The rivalry in the Katipunan which later on evolved to Revolutionary Government was much
mention in this document. Magdalos on the side of Emilio Aguinaldo and the Magdiwangs
on the side of Andres Bonifacio. According to Aguinaldo , there is a very big difference on
how they treat the war. Calling the group of Bonifacio to be more into merry making than
fighting the war.
In his book Gunita, Emilio Aguinaldo
gave us an account on how the election
happened in the Tejeros as reported to
him. He further said that winning
against the “Haring Bayan “who was
Andres Bonifacio resulted to him being
elected as the President of the New
Revolutionary Government despite his
absence in the said meeting.
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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
LESSON 5
Andres Bonifacio, not winning the
presidency was only the beginning of his
misfortunes. Another insult followed.
Even for the minor post of Director of
the Interior, Daniel Tirona protested
Bonifacio's election saying that the
position should not be occupied by a
person without a lawyer's diploma.
Although nobody seconded the protest,
according to Aguinaldo, Bonifacio was
really furious and soon declared
"I, as chairman of this assembly
and as President of the Supreme
Council of the Katipunan, as all of
you do not deny, declare this assembly dissolved, and I annul all that has
been approved and resolved."
When Aguinaldo received
charges that Bonifacio was
planning to overthrow the
revolutionary government, he
ordered his arrest. The
government of Aguinaldo
created a court martial to try
the Bonifacio brothers and
some of his soldiers, on a
charge of sedition. The
decision of the court martial
was death to the Bonifacio
brothers. According to
Aguinaldo, he insisted in commuting their sentence to exile, but execution
pushed through. Soon after, a plan of surrender to
the Spaniards was entered into in the Pact of Biak na
Bato.
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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
LESSON 5
_____________________________________________________________________
Online Resources/Activities:
[Link] - Kartilya ng Katipunan
[Link]
[Link] jacinto/
[Link] katipunan-by-emilio
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] jacinto-sa-bayang-tinubuan-
undated
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
References:
Agoncillo, Teodoro A. (1993) Epifanio de los Santos The Revolutionists: Aguinaldo, Bonifacio,
Jacinto. National Historical Institute
History of the Filipino People. GAROTECH, Commonwealth, Quezon City
Almario, Virgilio S. (2011) Jacintina, Hiyas ng Panulat ni Emilio Jacinto. UST Publishing House
Alvarez,Santiago. V.(1992) The Katipunan and the Revolution: Memoirs of a [Link]
de Manila University Press Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan – Emilio Aguinaldo Philippine History – Maria
Christine N. Halili
Gripaldo, Rolando M. (2001). Liberty and Love, the Political and Ethical Philosophy of Emilio
Jacinto. De La Salle University Press
Gripaldo & Schumacher (1998) Kasaysayan: The Story of the Filipino People (Reform and
Revolution) Vol. 5 Asian Publishing Co. Limited.
Name:
Year & Section:
Assessment Professor:
Date:
t
Can you still remember the pen names used by our heroes?
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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
LESSON 5
Try this!
PART 1 Direction: Match Set a with Set B.
Answers Set A Set B
[Link]-ilog a. Andres Bonifacio
[Link] b. Marcelo H. Del Pilar
3. Kalipulako c. Graciano Lopez Jaena
[Link] Bagumbayan d. Jose Maria Panganiban
[Link]-laan e. Antonio Luna
[Link]-alam f. Jose Rizal
[Link] Laura g. Emilio Jacinto
[Link] h. Mariano Ponce
[Link] I. Juan Luna
10. Bini J Apolinario mabini
It can be observed that Kartilya has general guidelines about life and even students can use
this as a guide in their daily lives so they will become good and responsible citizens
Part 2
Try to explain the following teachings. Is this still applicable today?
Teaching #1“The life that is not consecrated to a lofty and reasonable purpose is a tree
without a shade, if not a poisonous weed.”
Explanation:_________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________
Teaching #4“Whether our skin be black or white, we are all born equal: superiority in
knowledge, wealth and beauty are to be understood but not superiority by nature.”
Explanation_________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________
Name:
Year & Section:
POST-TEST Professor:
Date:
Test I.
Direction: Match Set a with Set B.
Answers Set A Set B
[Link] Me Tangere a. Emilio Jacinto
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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
LESSON 5
[Link] Botod b. Marcelo H. Del Pilar
[Link] ng Katipunan c. Graciano Lopez Jaena
4. Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa d. Felix Hidalgo
[Link] ng Katipunan e. Juan Luna
6. El Filibusterismo f. Jose Rizal
[Link] Mga Utos Ng Prayle g. Andres Bonifacio
8. The Christian Virgins Exposed to the Rabble. h. Emilio Aguinaldo
9. Spoliarium - answers may be repeated.
10Gunita ng Himagsikan
TEST II
Direction.: Answer the following questions.
1. If you are to choose one, who among these heroes do you think is the best? Explain
your answer.
Answer.____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________
2. How did the works (paintings, articles, novels) of these heroes helped in the
development of Nationalism?
Answer.____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________
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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
LESSON 5
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READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
