midas GTS 3D Tutorial MIDAS GTS

midas GTS Tutorial

Using retaining wall for 3D excavation and piled raft foundation

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1. Overview

1) This tutorial includes a start file which already contains defined attributes and
geometry. One video file in *.mp4 format is also included: Video Codec required
for windows media player – other video players are recommended.

2) The video should only be used as a reference guide. Some alternative methods
of modelling are demonstrated in the video.

3) Mesh element and size, i.e. Tetra/Hexa low or high order, can affect the results
significantly. So it is good practice use the start file as many times as possible
defining different types of mesh elements and size in order to recognize the
appreciate the meshing engine.

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1. Overview Excav#1

Excav#2

Excav#3/Raft

Sand

Sandy gravel
Piles

Clay

Retaining wall

• Deep excavation and piled raft foundation

• Nonlinear material model (MC)
• Creating piles from 1D elements
• Extracting 2D elements for retaining wall

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2. Material parameters Attribute

Attribute
Element Material (Name) Property (Name)
Name

Sand (ID:1) Solid Sand (ID:1)

Sandy gravel (ID:2) Solid Sandy gravel (ID:2)

Clay (ID:3) Solid Clay (ID:3)

Raft (ID:4) Solid Concrete-raft (ID:4)

Pile (ID:5) Line Concrete-Structure (ID:5) Pile (ID:1)

Wall (ID:6) Plane Concrete-Structure (ID:6) Wall (ID:2)

Soil pile interface (ID:7) Line Soil pile interface (ID:3)

Pile raft interface (ID:8) Line Pile raft interface (4ID:)

Tip: Empty attributes can be assigned to mesh sets to preview mesh.

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Material

ID 1 2 3 4 5
Sandy Concrete-
Name Sand Clay Concrete-raft
gravel Structure

Model Type MC/Ground MC/Ground MC/Ground Elastic/Ground Elastic/Structure

Modulus of Elasticity (E)

22,300 74,300 37,150 20,000,000 20,000,000
[KN/m2]

Poisson’s Ratio (ν) 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.18

Unit Weight(Y) [KN/m3] 20 20 20 24 24

Unit Weight(Saturated)
20 21 20 24 -
[KN/m3]

Cohesion (c) [KN/m2] 10 10 50 - -

Friction Angle (Φ) 33 36 25 - -

K0 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 -

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Preview Structure Cross section

Pile – Beam section

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•Open 3D-Excavation(Start).gtb to start from soil

boundary and pile edges and skip slides 7 to 11.
•As an alternative approach user can reproduce
all the geometry as per the Geometry Modeling
slides (from slide 7 onward).

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3. Modelling Geometry
• File > Project Setting > Create on WP > Rectangle (wire)…
•Project Title: Excavation
•Analysis type: 3D
•Analysis Constraint: 3D
• Gravity Direction: Z
•Click on (Unit System) and set the units as shown in
the picture
•Click [OK] Button

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•Geometry > Curve > Create 3D > Polyline (wire)…

•Check on Close
• Location: (0,0,0), <60,0,0>, <0,60,0>, <-60,0,0>
•Right click on mouse
•Location: (18,21,0), <24,0,0>, <0,18,0>, <-24,0,0>
•Click [Cancel] Button

• (): “ABS x, y”, <>: “REL dx, dy”

<7> same as <7, 0>
 [Esc] as shortcut for [Cancel].

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X Y Z
22 25.1 -10.2
22 31.1 -10.2 • Geometry > Vertex > Tabular Input…
22 28.7 -10.2
• Copy the highlighted tabulated coordinates
22 34.7 -10.2
into the dialog box
25.6 25.1 -10.2
25.6 34.7 -10.2 •Click on [OK] Button
25.6 28.7 -10.2
25.6 31.1 -10.2
28 25.1 -10.2
28 31.1 -10.2
28 34.7 -10.2
28 28.7 -10.2
31.6 34.7 -10.2
31.6 25.1 -10.2
31.6 28.7 -10.2
31.6 31.1 -10.2
34 28.7 -10.2
34 31.1 -10.2
34 34.7 -10.2
34 25.1 -10.2
37.6 34.7 -10.2
37.6 28.7 -10.2
37.6 25.1 -10.2
37.6 31.1 -10.2

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•Geometry > Transform > Translate …

•Select the vertices (1 compound)
•Direction: Z-Axis
•Select Uniform Copy
•Distance: -10.3
•Number of Times: 1
•Click [Apply] Button

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•Geometry > Curve > Create 3D > Line …

•Select Vertex Snap
• Use mouse to select the corresponding nodes
from top layer to the bottom layer nodes
•Click [Cancel] Button

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Tip: Right click in work window and •Geometry > Generator Feature > Extrude …
•Change the selection filter to Wire(W)
press ‘w’ on keyboard
•Select the highlighted wire (as shown in picture)
•Direction: Z-Axis
•Check on Reverse Direction
•Length: 3
•Check on Solid
•Name: Excav#1
•Click [OK] Button

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Tip: Right click in work window and •Change the selection filter to Wire(W)
•Select the highlighted wire (as shown in picture)
press ‘w’ on keyboard
•Direction: Z-Axis
•Check on Reverse Direction
•Length: 7
•Check on Solid
•Name: Excav#2
•Click [Apply] Button

Tip: Bottom face for Excav#1 can be selected

as profile and extruded into a solid

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Tip: Right click in work window and •Change the selection filter to Wire(W)
•Select the highlighted wire (as shown in picture)
press ‘w’ on keyboard
•Direction: Z-Axis
•Check on Reverse Direction
•Length: 0.6
•Check on Solid
•Name: Excav#3 - Raft
•Click [Apply] Button

Tip: Bottom face for Excav#2 can be selected

as profile and extruded into a solid

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Tip: Right click in work window and •Change the selection filter to Wire(W)
•Select the highlighted wire (as shown in picture)
press ‘w’ on keyboard
•Direction: Z-Axis
•Check on Reverse Direction
•Length: 2
•Check on Solid
•Name: Embedded limit for plate
•Click [Apply] Button

Tip: Bottom face for Excav#3 can be selected

as profile and extruded into a solid

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Tip: Right click in work window and •Change the selection filter to Wire(W)
•Select the highlighted wire (as shown in picture)
press ‘w’ on keyboard
•Direction: Z-Axis
•Check on Reverse Direction
•Length: 3
•Check on Solid
•Name: Top Soil
•Click [Apply] Button

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Tip: Right click in work window and •Change the selection filter to Wire(W)
•Select the highlighted wire (as shown in picture)
press ‘w’ on keyboard
•Direction: Z-Axis
•Check on Reverse Direction
•Length: 15
•Check on Solid
•Name: Mid Soil
•Click [Apply] Button

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Tip: Right click in work window and •Change the selection filter to Wire(W)
•Select the highlighted wire (as shown in picture)
press ‘w’ on keyboard
•Direction: Z-Axis
•Check on Reverse Direction
•Length: 20
•Check on Solid
•Name: Bot Soil
•Click [OK] Button

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•Select the highlighted solid segments and right

click on mouse and select Transparency…
•Geometry > Shape Color…
•Select all by clicking on
•Shape Type: Solid
•Click [OK] Button

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There are 4 solids representing the excavations and 3 solids representing the ground layer.
There are many ways to consider the initial ground condition. In this example, the boolean
cut function is selected as the tool of choice.
•Geometry > Boolean Operation > Cut …
•Select Master: Top Soil (Solid)
•Tool : Excav#1 (Solid)
•Uncheck Delete Tool Object(s).
Excav#1 •OK
•Geometry > Boolean Operation > Cut …
•Select Master: Mid Soil (Solid)
•Tool : Excav#2, Excav#3 - Raft , and Embedded limit
for plate (Solids)
•Uncheck Delete Tool Object(s).
•OK
•Check Duplicates.
Front View

Tip: Use selection tool to encapsulate the boolean tool Excav#1 solid as shown above.

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There are 4 solids representing the excavations and 3 solids representing the ground layer.
There are many ways to consider the initial ground condition. In this example, the boolean
cut function is selected as the tool of choice.
•Geometry > Boolean Operation > Cut …
•Select Master: Mid Soil (Solid)
•Tool : Excav#2, Excav#3 - Raft , and Embedded limit
for plate (Solids)
•Uncheck Delete Tool Object(s).
•OK
•Check Duplicates.

Tip: Use selection tool to encapsulate the Boolean tools Excav#2, Excav#3 - Raft , and Embedded
limit for plate (Solids) solid as shown above.

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•Select the highlighted solid segments and right

click on mouse and select Transparency…
•Geometry > Shape Color…
•Select all by clicking on
•Shape Type: Solid
•Click [OK] Button

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• Model > Property > Material …

•Input all the parameters as per the Material Table
• Model > Property > Property …
•Click on Add
• Name: Pile
•Type: Beam
•Tick on Sectional Library…
•Select Solid Round and enter diameter as shown in
the picture
•Click [OK] Button
•Click [Apply] Button

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•Click on Add
•Name: Wall
•Type: Plane/Plane Stress
•Thickness: 0.2 m
•Click [OK] Button
•Click on Add
•Name: Pile to Soil interface
•Type: Pile
•Ultimate Shear Force: 2000 KN/m
•Shear Stiffness modulus: 1000000 KN/m2
•Normal Stiffness modulus(Kn): 10000000 KN/m3
•Check on Pile Tip Spring
•Tip Bearing Capacity: 2000 KN/m
•Tip Spring Stiffness: 1000000 KN/m
•Click [Apply] Button

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•Name: Pile to Raft interface

•Type: Pile
•Ultimate Shear Force: 1e+10 KN/m
•Shear Stiffness modulus: 100000000 KN/m2
•Normal Stiffness modulus(Kn): 1e+9 KN/m3
•Click [OK] Button
•Click [Close] Button

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• Model > Property > Attribute …

•From Add drop list select Solid
• Name: Top Soil
•Element Type: Solid
•Material: 1: Sand
•Click [Apply] Button
•Name: Mid Soil
•Element Type: Solid
•Material: 2: Sandy gravel
•Click [Apply] Button
•Name: Bot Soil
•Element Type: Solid
•Material: 3: Clay
•Click [Apply] Button
•Name: Raft
•Element Type: Solid
•Material: 4: Concrete-raft
•Click [OK] Button

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•From Add drop list select Plane

•Name: Wall
•Element Type: Plate
•Material: 5: Concrete-Structure
•Property: 2: Wall
•Click [OK] Button
•From Add drop list select Line
•Name: Pile
•Element Type: Beam
•Material: 5: Concrete-Structure
•Property: 1: Pile
•Click [OK] Button
•From Add drop list select Line
•Name: Pile to Soil interface
•Element Type: Pile
•Property : 3: Pile to Soil interface
•Click [Apply] Button
•Name: Pile to Raft interface
•Element Type: Pile
•Property : 4: Pile to Soil interface
•Click [OK] Button
•Click [Close] Button

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4. Defining Mesh Seeds • Mesh > Size Control > Along Edge …
•Change your view point to Top view
•Seeding Method: Number of Division
•Select all the in-plane boundary edges (you
can change your selecting tool to Polyline and
cross the selecting line through the edges)
•Number of Divisions: 10
•Click [Apply] Button

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• Change your view point to Front view

•Seeding Method: Number of Division
•Select the highlighted edges
•Number of Divisions: as shown in the picture
•Click [OK] Button

3 3

5 5

2 2

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• Select three boundary solid segments

•Right click on mouse and select Hide

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• Mesh > Auto Mesh > Solid …

5. Defining Mesh Sets •Select the top solid segment
•Element Size: 1
•Attribute: 1: Top Soil
• Mesh Set: Excav#1
•Click [Apply] Button

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• Select the highlighted solid segment

•Element Size: 1
•Attribute: 2: Mid Soil
• Mesh Set: Excav#2
•Click [Apply] Button

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• Select the highlighted solid segment

•Element Size: 1
•Attribute: 2: Mid Soil
• Mesh Set: Excav#3-Raft
•Click [Apply] Button

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• Select the highlighted solid segment

•Element Size: 1
•Attribute: 2: Mid Soil
• Mesh Set: For plate
•Click [OK] Button

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Once the excavation layers have been meshed, hide all mesh sets and only show solids
Excav#1, Excav#2, Excav#3 - Raft , and Embedded limit for plate (Solids)

•Model > Element > Extract Element …

•Select Face
•Change view to Top View.
•Select the four sides where the d-wall will be
modelled.
•Attribute: 5: Wall
• Mesh Set: Wall
•Click [OK] Button

Top View

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• From Works-Tree right click on the

highlighted solid segments and select Show

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Seeding definitions which were already defined will supersede automesh • Mesh > Auto Mesh > Solid …
•Select the top solid segment
Mesh size by default.
•Division: 3
•Attribute: 1: Top Soil
• Mesh Set: Top soil
•Click [Apply] Button

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• Select the top solid segment

•Division: 5
•Attribute: 2: Mid Soil
• Mesh Set: Mid soil
•Click [Apply] Button

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• Select the top solid segment

•Division: 4
•Attribute: 3: Bot Soil
• Mesh Set: Bot soil
•Click [OK] Button

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• From Works-Tree right click on Mesh Set

and select Hide All
•You should be able to see pile edges
(geometry lines for piles)

Display only geometry edges

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• Mesh > Auto Mesh > Edge …

•Select all the lines (24 lines)
•Number of Division: 1
•Attribute: 6: Pile
• Mesh Set: Piles
•Check off Merge Nodes
•Click [Apply] Button

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• Model > Element > Create Pile …

6. Creating pile elements •Select all 1D elements (24 elements)
•Number of Division: 1
•For Pile (3D) Element: 7: Pile to Soil interface
•Click [OK] Button

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•Change your view point to Front view

•Hide Pile elements (Beams) and only display
Pile Soil interface mesh set.
•From Works-Tree Show the raft solid segment
•Model > Element > Change Parameter …
•Change the selection filter to 1D Element (O)
•Select the embedded parts of pile interface
mesh set
•Attribute: 1D
•8: Pile to raft interface
•Click [OK] Button
•From Works-Tree Hide the raft solid segment

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•From Works-Tree Show All the mesh sets

7. Defining Boundary Conditions •Model > Boundary > Ground Support …
•BC Set: Ground Support
•Select all the mesh sets
•Click [OK] Button

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•From Works-Tree Show Only Piles (Beam

Elements) mesh set
•Model > Boundary > Supports …
•BC Set: Piles
•Select all the piles’ nodes
•DOF: RZ
•Click [OK] Button

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•Model > Load > Self Weight …

8. Defining Loads •Load Set: SW
•Z: -1
•Click [OK] Button
•From Works-Tree select the Excav#3-Raft
mesh set and right click on mouse and select
Show Only
•Change your view point to Front view
•Model > Load > Pressure Load …
•Load Set: Raft pressure
•Type: Face Pressure
•Object Type: Element Face
•Select the highlighted area
•Direction: Normal
•P or P1: 200 KN
•Click [OK] Button

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•Model > Boundary > Change Element

9. Change element attribute Attribute for CS …
•Select the raft mesh set
•Attribute: 4: Raft
•Click [OK] Button

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•From Works-Tree Show All mesh sets

10. Defining Construction Stage •Model > Construction Stage > Define Construction stage…
•Click on New
•Stage Name: Initialization
•From Set Data window select the highlighted mesh sets,
boundary and load. Drag and drop them into Activated Data
dialog box
•Check on: Clear Displacement
•Click [Save] Button

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•Click on New
•Stage Name: Installing Wall + Excav#1
•From Set Data window select the highlighted mesh sets.
Drag and drop them into Activated Data and Deactivated
Data dialog boxes
•Show Elements: Activated
•Click [Save] Button

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•Click on New
•Stage Name: Excav#2
•From Set Data window select the highlighted mesh set.
Drag and drop them into Deactivated Data dialog box
•Show Elements: Activated
•Click [Save] Button

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•Click on New
•Stage Name: Excav#3
•From Set Data window select the highlighted mesh set.
Drag and drop them into Deactivated Data dialog box
•Show Elements: Activated
•Click [Save] Button

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•Click on New
•Stage Name: Installing piles
•From Set Data window select the highlighted mesh sets,
boundary condition. Drag and drop them into Activated
Data dialog box
•Show Elements: Activated
•Click [Save] Button
•Click [Cancel] Button

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•Click on New
•Stage Name: Raft + Load
•From Set Data window select the highlighted mesh set,
boundary condition and load. Drag and drop them into
Activated Data dialog box
•Show Elements: Activated
•Click [Save] Button

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11. Performing Analysis

• Analysis > Analysis Case …
•Click on Add
•Analysis Type: Construction Stage
•Click on Analysis Control
•Check on Initial Stage for Stress
Analysis
•Select: Initialization
•Check on K0 Condition
•Click [OK] Button

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12. Results

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