Cruzada, Marjorie J.

NCM 107- Care of Mother, Child and Adolescent

Define or give brief description for each of the Obstetric terms

1. Pregnancy last menstrual period before falling

- It is a term that describes the pregnant.
period in which a fetus develops 10. Parity
inside a woman’s womb or uterus - The number of births that is carried
that usually lasts about over 9 to a viability at least 20 weeks,
months. whether or not the fetus was born
2. Prenatal check up alive.
- It is the specific health care that a 11. Gravida
woman gets while she’s pregnant. - It is the number of times a woman
3. Prenatal assessment has been pregnant.
- It is a test that done during 12. Conception
pregnancy to check a woman’s - It is the union of the sperm and the
health and as well as her baby/s. ovum. Synonymous with
4. Obstetrical History fertilization.
- It is pertaining to the care and 13. Embryo
treatment of women in childbirth - An organism in the early stages of
and during the period before and growth and differentiation, form
after delivery. fertilization to the beginning of the
5. Obstetrical score third month, after that point in
- It helps a person to know about the time, an embryo is called a fetus.
patient’s obstetric history simply at 14. Fetus
a glance. - An unborn offspring. It is used to
6. Age of Gestation (AOG) describe as a developing human
-during pregnancy it is used to describe infant from approximately the third
of how far along the pregnancy is and month of pregnancy until delivery.
measured in weeks, from the first day 15. Morula
of the woman’s last menstrual cycle to - It is a solid mass of cells
the current date. (blastomeres) formed by the
7. Expected Date of Confinement (EDC) fertilized ovum as a result of
- It is a date when a pregnant woman cleavage.
is expected to give birth to a child. 16. Chromosomes
8. Expected Date of Delivery (EDD) - It is how DNA is stored, and
- It is the date that is when a transferred from one cell to
pregnant woman is expected to give another.
birth to a child. 17. Amenorrhea
9. Last Menstrual Period (LMP) - A medica term when a woman
- It is referring as the first day that is doesn’t have menstrual periods.
onset of bleeding of the woman’s 18. Menorrhagia
 - It is a menstruation at regular cycle - It is a vertical (up and down)
intervals but with excessive flow measurement of your belly.
and duration. 31. Operculum
19. Dysmenorrhea - Something resembling a lid or
- It is a painful menstrual period cover. The narrow opening at the
which are caused by uterine top of the thoracic cage bordered
contractions. by the sternum and first ribs.
20. Chloasma 32. Progesterone
- It is an irregular brownish or - It is plays an important roles in the
blackish spot especially on the face menstrual cycle and in maintaining
that occur sometimes in pregnancy the early stages of pregnancy.
and in disorders of or functional 33. Estrogen
changes in the uterus and ovaries. - Are hormones that are important
21. Multigravida for sexual and reproductive
- A woman who has been pregnant development, mainly in women.
more than once. 34. HcG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)
22. Primipara - It is a hormone produced primarily
- A woman who bears a child for the by syncytiotrophoblastic cells of the
first time. placenta during pregnancy.
23. Nulligravida 35. Leopold’s maneuver
- A woman who has never been - It is used to palpate the gravid
pregnant. uterus systematically. This method
24. Nullipara of abdominal palpation is of low
- A woman who has not given birth cost, easy to perform, and non-
to a viable child. invasive.
25. Striae gravidarum 36. Doppler
- It is a pregnancy stretch marks, also - It is used by community nurses to
known as striae gravidarum. measure the ankle brachial pressure
26. Chadwick’s sign index (ABPI).
- It is a bluish discoloration of the 37. Fetoscope
cervix, vagina, and labia resulting - An endoscope for visual
from increased blood flow. examination of the pregnant uterus.
27. Goodell’s sign 38. Leukorrhea
- It is an indication of pregnancy in - A whitish viscid discharge from the
which the cervix and vagina soften. vagina resulting from inflammation
28. Hegar’s sign or congestion of the mucous
- A non-sensitive indication of membrane.
pregnancy in women, it is absence 39. Presentation
does not exclude pregnancy. - That part of the fetus lying over the
29. Fundus pelvic inlet, the presenting body
- The part of a hallow that is across part of the fetus.
from, or farthest away from, the 40. Lie
organ’s opening. - The relationship of the long axis of
30. Fundic height the fetus to that of the mother.
41. Station the sutures in the incompletely
- It is where the presenting part Is in ossified skull of the fetus or infant.
your pelvis. 53. Descent
42. Vertex - The process of descending or falling
- The top of the head. Ex. In a vertex down from a higher position.
presentation at birth, the top of the 54. Flexion
baby’s head emerges first. - The act of bending or the condition
43. Breech of being bent.
- It is when the fetus presents 55. Internal rotation
buttocks or feet first rather than - Movement of a joint, around its
head first- a cephalic presentation. long axis, toward the midline of the
44. Fetal attitude body.
- It is a degree of flexion of the fetus 56. Extension
body parts (body, head, and - Straightening of a joint, causing an
extremities) to each other. increase in the angle between the
45. Lightening bones that form the joint.
- The sensation of decreased 57. External rotation
abdominal caused by descent of the - The muscular and joint movement
uterus into the pelvic cavity, 2 or 3 that entails both circular movement
weeks before labor begins. and also movement away from the
46. Labor center of the body.
- A physiologic process during which 58. Expulsion
the products of conception. - The second stage of labor, lasting
47. Delivery from the full dilation of the cervix
- The act of giving birth. until the baby is completely out of
48. Nuchal cord the birth canal.
- It is used by medica professionals 59. Restitution
when your baby has their umbilical - The spontaneous realignment of
cord wrapped around their neck. the fetal head with the fetal body,
49. Molding after delivery of the head.
- The shaping of a baby’s head to 60. Cervical dilation
facilitate passage down the birth - It is the opening of the cervix, the
canal. entrance to the uterus, during
50. Crowning childbirth, miscarriage, induced
- When a bay’s head starts to emerge abortion, or gynecological surgery.
bit by bit during each contraction. 61. Cervix
51. Fetal position - Acts as the door to the uterus which
- It is how the baby (the fetus) is sperm can travel through to fertilize
positioned I the womb, whether eggs.
that’s on their back, head down, or 62. Uterine contraction
some other combination. - The tightening and shortening of
52. Fontanelles the uterine muscles.
- One of the membrane-covered 63. Electronic Fetal monitoring
spaces remaining at the junction of
 - It is a continuous electronic fetal - The woman is dependent on her
heart monitoring may be used healthcare providers or support
during labor and birth. persons with simple tasks and
64. Accelerations making decisions.
- An increase in the speed of an 75. Taking hold
action or function such as pulse or - The woman starts to initiate actions
respiration. on her own and making decisions
65. Decelerations without relying on others.
- A decrease in the fetal heart rate 76. Letting go
that can indicate inadequate blood - The woman finally accepts her new
flow through the placenta. role and gives up her old roles like
66. Oxytocin being a childless woman or just a
- Once the baby is born, oxytocin mother of one child.
promotes lactation by moving the 77. Lanugo
milk into the breast. - Plays a vital role in binding the
67. Methergine (methyl ergonovine vernix to the skin, this protects the
maleate) fetus from damaging substances
- It is semi-synthetic ergot alkaloid found in amniotic fluid.
used for the prevention and control 78. Vernix caseosa
of postpartum hemorrhage. - Is a white, creamy, naturally
68. Pudendal block anesthesia occurring biofilm covering the skin
- Produced by blocking the pudendal of the fetus during the last
nerves, accomplished by injection trimester pf pregnancy.
of the local anesthetic into the 79. Surfactant
tuberosity of the ischium. - It is a mixture of fat and proteins
69. Hydramnios made in the lungs.
- Is when too much amniotic fluid 80. Lecithin
builds up during pregnancy. - Is a phospholipid which has both
70. Oligohydramnios hydrophobic (affinity for fats and
- A deepest fluid pocket of less than 2 oils) and hydrophilic (affinity for
cm or an amniotic fluid index of 5 water) elements.
cm or less. 81. Sphingomyelin
71. Polyhydramnios - Any of a group of crystalline
- There is too much amniotic fluid in phosphatides that are obtained
the uterus during pregnancy. especially from nerve tissue and
72. Involution that on hydrolysis yield a fatty acid.
- The process by which te uterus is 82. Brown fat
transformed from pregnant to non- - It is an essential for the proper and
pregnant state. most efficient absorption of fats in
73. Prolactin the newborn.
- Stimulate the mammary glands to 83. Jaundice
begin milk production. - It is when the skin and the whites of
74. Taking in the eyes become a yellow color.
84. Foramen ovale
 - An opening in the septum between - Is the breastmilk you baby gets at
the two atria of the heart that is the beginning of each feeding when
normally present only in the fetus. your breasts are full.
85. Ductus arteriosus 94. Hindmilk
- A short broad vessel in the fetus - They begin to pull milk from deeper
that connects the pulmonary artery within the breast where the fatty
with the aorta and conducts most milk cells are stored.
of the blood directly from the right 95. Milk-ejection reflex
to the aorta bypassing the lungs. - The let-down reflex by sucking at
86. Ductus venosus the breast, your baby triggers tiny
- A shunt that allows oxygenated nerves in the nipple.
blood in the umbilical vein to 96. Mastitis
bypass the liver and is essential for - Inflammation of the breast or udder
normal fetal circulation. usually caused by infection.
87. Eipsteins pearls 97. Breast Engorgement
- Known as gingival cyst. A type of - Your breasts are painfully overfull
cysts of the jaws that originates of milk.
from the dental lamina and is found 98. Dystocia
in the mouth parts. - An abnormal or difficult birth.
88. IgG 99. Placenta
- It is a heath problem in which your - It is an organ that develops in your
body doesn’t make enough uterus during pregnancy.
immunoglobulin G 100. Magnesium sulfate
89. IgM - Is safe for use while breastfeeding.
- Immunoglobulin M. found mainly in 101. Tocolytics
blood and lymph fluid this is the - Are drugs that are used to delay
first antibody the body makes when your delivery for a short time up to
it fights a new infection. 48 hours, if you begin labor too
90. IgA early in your pregnancy.
- Large for gestational age. Refers to 102. Placenta accreta
a fetus or infant who is larger than - Is an obstetrical complication where
expected for their age and gender. the placenta becomes firmly
91. Caput succedaneum adherent to the uterine wall.
- Refers as selling, or edema, of an 103. Placenta circumvallate
infant’s scalp that appears as a - It is an abnormality in the shape of
lump or bump on their shortly after the placenta.
delivery. 104. Uterine atony
92. Cephalohematoma - Known as atony of the uterus. It is a
- It is a birth injury caused by trauma serious condition that can occur
to an infant’s head during after childbirth.
childbirth. 105. Postpartum blues
93. Foremilk - It is a self-limiting condition with no
known serious after effect.
106. Postpartum psychosis
 - It is the most severe psychotic occurs about 10 to 14 days after
episode occurring during the conception- is normal.
postpartum period. 116. Physiologic anemia of
107. Braxton Hick’s contractions pregnancy
- Also known as the prodromal or - It occurs in pregnancy because
false labor pains, are contractions plasma volume increases more
of the uterus that typically are not quickly tan red cell mass.
felt until the second or third 117. Naegele’s rule
trimester of the pregnancy. - It is used to calculate a woman’s
108. Quickening estimate delivery rate (EDD). It will
- It is the first movement of a fetus in be required to know how to
the uterus that is felt by the mother calculate a woman’s due date by
usually after about 16 weeks of using Naegele’s Rule.
pregnancy. 118. Johnson’s Rule
109. Phytonadione - It is used to estimate the weight of
- It is an analogue of the the fetus in grams.
naphthoquinone vitamin K found in 119. McDonald’s Rule
plants. - It is a measurement of the fundal
110. Asphyxia height from the symphysis pubis.
- Birth asphyxia occurs when a baby 120. Haase’s Rule
doesn’t receive enough oxygen - The length of the fetus in
before, during or just after birth. centimeters, divided by 5, is the
111. Ovulation duration of pregnancy in months,
- It releases of a mature egg from the that is, the age of the fetus.
female ovary, the release enables
the egg to be fertilized by the male
sperm cells.
112. Corpus luteum
- It is responsible for producing the
hormone progesterone, which
stimulates the uterus to thicken
even more in preparation for
implantation of a fertilized egg.
113. Amniotic fluid
- It helps in developing baby to move
in the womb, which allows for
proper bone growth.
114. Implantation
- It is to find for the conceptus an
appropriate place for further
development.
115. Implantation bleeding
- Typically defined as a small amount
o flight spotting or bleeding that