WRITING PRACTICE

1. I was not surprised to hear that Harry had failed his driving test.
It came........................................................................................................................................................
2. It was his incompetence which led to their capture.
 If............. ........................................................................................................................................................
3. I don’t think there will be any applicants for this post.
 There is.....................................................................................................................................
4. The Yeti has very rarely been seen at this altitude.
 There have. ....................................................................................................................................
5. Everyone started complaining the moment the announcement was made.
 No sooner.......................................................................................................................................
6. In the next few years we’ll probably hear a lot more about environmental pollution
 It....................................................................................................................................................
7. The protest has been so vociferous that the committee has had to r e c o n s i d e r .
 There has been............................................................................................................................
8. It was the goalkeeper who saved the match for us.
 If it ...................................................................................................................................................
9. It wasn’t a bit surprised to hear that Karen had changed her job.
It came.................................................................................................................................
10. I don’t really like her, even though I admire her achievements.
Much..........................................................................................................................................
11. The enormous sum of profit went beyond the company’
expectation.
Never ...............................................................................
12. The government has tried very hard to find a suitable resolution for this economical
crisis.
Enormous.....................................................................................................
13. It was his over-confidence that led to his defeat in the Wimbledon final.
If he.....................................................................................................
14. We were very impressed by the new cinema but found it rather expensive.
Impressed.....................................................................................................
15. The deadline for the receipt of complete application forms is 3.00p.m on Friday, 18 th December.
Complete application .....................................................................................................
*WORD FORM
1. I’m doing the cleaning today. Can you get me a bottle of……………………….from the supermarket? (infect)
2. The pain from his broken let was almost…………………………….and the doctor had to give him a pain-
killing injection. (bear)
*  Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that is closest in meaning to
the underlined part in each of the following questions.
1. The evening would have been more enjoyable if all the extraneous activities had been dropped from the
program.
            A. irrelevant     B. excessive     C. overextended          D. exceptional
*Choose the best answer
1. John: “What kind of job would you like?” – Mike: “ __________________ ”
A. Is there a good chance of promotion? B. I’m good at computing
C. Anytime after next week D. Anything to do with computers
2. “Oh, no, I’m late for my appointment. ___________. ”
A. Catch you now B. Catch you later C. Nice to see you again D. Pleased to meet you
3. “Could you save my place for me, please? Nature’s calling.” - “______”.
A. No problem. But the line is moving fast. C. Sure. But hurry. The line is moving fast.
B. Yes, please. But in a minute or so D. No, I can’t. I’m in a hurry.
4. “Hi, do you think it’s possible for us to have a talk sometime today?” “I’d love to but ___________”.
A. I’ve got a pretty tight schedule today. C. I’m fine now
B. Is tomorrow OK D. I’m pretty tight schedule today
Questions 1-10
By far the most important United States export product in the eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries was cotton, favored by the European textile industry over flax or
wool because it was easy to process and soft to tile touch. Mechanization of spinning
Line and weaving allowed significant centralization and expansion in the textile industry during
(5) this period, and at the same time the demand for cotton increased dramatically. American
producers were able to meet this demand largely because of tile invention of the cotton gin
by Eli Whitney in 1793. Cotton could be grown throughout the South, but separating the
fiber – or lint – from the seed was a laborious process. Sea island cotton was relatively
easy to process by hand, because its fibers were long and seeds were concentrated at the
(10) base of the flower, but it demanded a long growing season, available only along the
nation's eastern seacoast. Short-staple cotton required a much shorter growing season,
but the shortness of the fibers and their mixture with seeds meant that a worker could
hand-process only about one pound per day. Whitney's gin was a hand-powered machine
with revolving drums and metal teeth to pull cotton fibers away from seeds. Using the gin,
(15) a worker could produce up to 50 pounds of lint a day. The later development of larger
gins, powered by horses, water, or steam, multiplied productivity further.
The interaction of improved processing and high demand led to the rapid spread of
the cultivation of cotton and to a surge in production. It became the main American
export, dwarfing all others. In 1802, cotton composed 14 percent of total American
(20) exports by value. Cotton had a 36 percent share by 1810 and over a 50 percent share
in 1830. In 1860, 61 percent of the value of American exports was represented by cotton.
In contrast, wheat and wheat flour composed only 6 percent of the value of American
exports in that year. Clearly, cotton was king in the trade of the young republic. The
growing market for cotton and other American agricultural products led to an
(25) unprecedented expansion of agricultural settlement, mostly in the eastern half of the
United States---west of the Appalachian Mountains and east of the Mississippi River.
1. The main point of the passage is that the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were a time when
(A) the European textile industry increased its demand for American export products
(B) mechanization of spinning and weaving dramatically changed the textile industry
(C) cotton became a profitable crop but was still time-consuming to process
(D) cotton became the most important American export product
2. The word "favored" in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(A) preferred (B) recommended (C) imported (D) included
3. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as reasons for the increased demand for cotton EXCEPT
(A) cotton's softness
(B) cotton's ease of processing
(C) a shortage of flax and wool
(D) the growth that occurred in the textile industry.
4. The word "laborious" in line 8 is closest in meaning to
(A) unfamiliar (B) primitive (C) skilled (D) difficult
5. According to the passage, one advantage of sea island cotton was its
(A) abundance of seeds (B) long fibers
 (C) long growing season (D) adaptability to different
climates
6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about cotton production in the United States after
the introduction of Whitney's cotton gin?
(A) More cotton came from sea island cotton plants than before.
(B) More cotton came from short-staple cotton plants than before.
(C) Most cotton produced was sold domestically.
(D) Most cotton produced was exported to England.
7. The word "surge" in line 18 is closest in meaning to
(A) sharp increase (B) sudden stop (C) important change (D) excess amount
8. The author mentions "wheat and wheat flour" in line 22 in order to
(A) show that Americans exported more agricultural products than they imported.
(B) show the increase in the amount of wheat products exported.
(C) demonstrate the importance of cotton among American export products.
(D) demonstrate that wheat farming was becoming more profitable.
9. The word "unprecedented" in line 25 is closest in meaning to
(A) slow (B) profitable (C) not seen before (D) never explained
10. According to the passage, the Mississippi River was
(A) one of the boundaries of a region where new agricultural settlement took place
(B) a major source of water for agricultural crops
(C) the primary route by which agricultural crops were transported
(D) a main source of power for most agricultural machinery
Question 1-11
If food is allowed to stand for some time, it putrefies .When the putrefied material
is examined microscopically ,it is found to be teeming with bacteria. Where do these
bacteria come from , since they are not seen in fresh food? Even until the mid-nineteenth
Line century, many people believed that such microorganisms originated by spontaneous
(5) generation ,a hypothetical process by which living organisms develop from nonliving
matter.
The most powerful opponent of the theory of spontaneous generation was the French
chemist and microbiologist Louis Pasteur(1822-1895).Pasteur showed that structures
present in air closely resemble the microorganisms seen in putrefying materials .He did
(10) this by passing air through guncotton filters, the fibers of which stop solid particles. After
the guncotton was dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ether, the particles that it had
trapped fell to the bottom of the liquid and were examined on a microscope slide .Pasteur
found that in ordinary air these exists a variety of solid structures ranging in size from
0.01 mm to more than 1. 0mm .Many of these bodies resembled the reproductive
(15) structures of common molds, single-celled animals, and various other microbial cells.
As many as 20 to 30 of them were found in fifteen liters of ordinary air ,and they could
not be distinguished from the organisms found in much larger numbers in putrefying
materials .Pasteur concluded that the organisms found in putrefying materials originated
from the organized bodies present in the air .He postulated that these bodies are constantly
(20) being deposited on all objects.

Pasteur showed that if a nutrient solution was sealed in a glass flask and heated to
boiling to destroy all the living organisms contaminating it, it never putrefied .The
proponents of spontaneous generation declared that fresh air was necessary for
spontaneous generation and that the air inside the sealed flask was affected in some way
(25) by heating so that it would no longer support spontaneous generation. Pasteur constructed a
 swan-necked flask in which putrefying materials could he heated to boiling, but air
could reenter. The bends in the neck prevented microorganisms from getting in the flask.
Material sterilized in such a flask did not putrefy.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Pasteur’s influence on the development of the microscope.
(B) The origin of the theory of spontaneous generation .
(C) The effects of pasteurization on food.
(D) Pasteur’s argument against the theory of spontaneous generation .
2. The phrase “teeming with ”in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(A) full of (B) developing into (C) resistant to (D) hurt by
3. Which of the following questions did the theory of spontaneous generation attempt to answer?
(A) What is the origin of the living organisms are seen on some food?
(B) How many types of organisms can be found on food?
(C) What is the most effective way to prepare living organisms for microscopic examination?
(D) How long can food stand before it putrefies?
4. The word “resemble” in line 9 is closest in meaning to
(A) benefit from (B) appear similar to (C) join together with (D) grow from
5. The purpose of the “guncotton” mentioned in paragraph 2 was to
(A) trap particles for analysis (B) slow the process of putrefaction
(C) increase the airflow to the microscopic slide (D) aid the mixing of alcohol and ether
6. The author mention “1.0mm”in line 14 in describing the
(A) thickness of a layer of organisms that was deposited on an object
(B) diameter of the fibers that were in the guncotton filters
(C) thickness of the microscope slides that were used
(D) size of the particles that that were collected
7. The word “postulated” in line 19 is closest in meaning to
(A) analyzed (B) doubted (C) persuaded (D) suggested
8. The objects that Pasteur removed from the air in his experiment were remarkable because they were
(A) primarily single-celled organisms (B) no different from objects found in putrefying
materials
(C) fairly rare (D) able to live in a mixture of alcohol and ether
9. The word “it” in line 22 refers to
(A) a nutrient solution (B) a glass flask (C) boiling (D) spontaneous generation
10. According to paragraph 3,proponents of spontaneous generation believed that which of the following was
important for the process to succeed ?
(A) A sealed container (B) Fresh air
(C) Heat (D) The presence of nutrients
11. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that Pasteur employed a swam-necked flask to
(A) store sterilized liquids for use in future experiments
(B) prevent heat from building up in a solution
(C) disprove a criticism of his conclusions
(D) estimate the number of organisms in a liter of air
Key:
It came as no surprise to me that Harry had failed his driving test.
If he hadn’t been so incompetent they wouldn’t have been captured.
There is little/no likelihood that there will be applicants for this p o s t .
There have been very few sightings of the Yeti at this altitude.
No sooner had the announcement been made than everyone started complaining.
We’re likely to hear a lot more about environmental pollution in the next few years.
There has been such a vociferous protest that the committee has had to reconsider.
If it hadn’t been for the goalkeeper we could/would have lost the m a t c h .
It came as no surprise (to me) (to hear) that Karen had changed her j o b .
Much as I admire her achievements, I don’t really like her.
13.If he hadn’t been (so) over-confidence, he wouldn’t have been beaten in the Wimblendon final.
14.Impressed as we were by the new cinema, we found it rather expensive.
15.Complete application forms must be handed in// returned// received// submitted by// no later
than 3.00 p.m on Friday, 18th December.
disinfectant (thuốc diệt khuẩn)
unbearable
1. D 2.A 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. A
1. D 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. B 11. C