STARTING SOON
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN & FURNITURE PART 1
I N S T I T U D E
Home Design Institute,
Paris
D E S I G N
Interior Design Fundamentals Course
H O M E
About the lecturer:
Who is Bella Yordanova-Tsokova?
Bella is an interior designer with a wide background and
professional experience in this field. She graduated in 2014 with
bachelor`s degree in Interior design from the University of
Salford, England. One year later she received her master’s
degree from Manchester Metropolitan University. She dedicated
to Interior design all years after graduation working mainly in
UK. Bella has a long-term international practice in commercial
Interior design, she is currently accomplishing projects in
Europe, Asia, Australia, North America. Her passion for Interior
design became obvious with her multiple exhibitions and
internships in UK and Bulgaria.
More about Home Design Institute
Who are we?
Home Design Institute, Paris is a fast-growing company based
in France, with multiple branches in Eastern Europe. It is part
of a bigger holding with 8 educational brands, its purpose is
to provide the best professional training in the field of Interior
design and Landscape design. The Home Design Team has
dedicated efforts to create an effective, modern, and easily
accessible system of online education, while choosing the
most qualified professional lecturers in this field.
HDI are one of the leaders in the system of synchronous
online education, which is attended in real-time. That means
you can enjoy all lectures from any part of the world, from the
comfort of your home! Every year thousands of students
participate in our online courses.
What to expect from the
Free Interior design course?
Why this is the perfect course for you?
This course is for everyone with passion This step will be participating in
for Interior design, regardless of your our specialized Professional
experience. It is suitable for beginners as Interior Design course, starting on
you will discover the multiple sides of 11. October. Be prepared for many
Interior design, history, theory and new creative ideas and inspiration!
modern trends. Our free Interior Design This is an amazing chance for you
course is the perfect foundation for your to obtain our internationally
next step – to gain more in-depth recognized Professional Certificate
knowledge and create your own personal and add it to your website or
Portfolio as an Interior designer! Portfolio.
Why the Professional Interior
design course is your chance?
Why to enrol in this course?
This course is designed to give you professional knowledge and in-depth training in
Interior Design.
Do you dream to make the design of your home or the home of your client?
✓ With this course you can do not only that, but much more! You will be able to
make your professional Portfolio and create your personal Project in Interior
design!
✓ This course will be your chance to build the foundation of your future career, to
boost your creative imagination and give you many amazing ideas about your
home or the home space of your clients.
✓ Moreover – this course is practically focused, and will boost your career, also
anyone can participate regardless of his previous experience!
✓ And all of that from the comfort of your home with just one click from your
computer, you can sign up from any part of the world!
Thank you for
Are you curious to know your attention
more? &
Good Luck!
If you are curious to know more about any of our courses,
we organize a special 20-minutes Individual meeting with
each student via Zoom! In this meeting you can ask any
question regarding the course, so you can have a clear
idea of what the course offers you.
We are always available to answer your questions via
email:
[email protected] Or by phone: + 33 178 90 46 50
I N S T I T U T E
HISTORY OF INTERIOR
DESIGN AND
D E S I G N
FURNITURE
H O M E
PART 1
INTRODUCTION
INTERIOR DESIGNER’S ROLE
Interior design is defined as the art and science of enhancing
the interior of a space in order to create a polished and more
aesthetically pleasing environment. An interior designer is
someone trained to execute plans, research, coordinate, and
manage decorative projects with authority.
Inspiration is a driving force in design and it provokes all
senses. This discipline combines intelligence, emotions and
prompts action.
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INTRODUCTION
INTERIOR DESIGNER’S ROLE
Architects used
The profession of interior design came with the rise of middle-
class society and the complicated architecture that rose to to double as
popularity during the industrial revolution.
interior
The quest to make the best use of space, along with the
attention to user well-being and functional design continues to designers
push the development and life-enhancing possibilities of
today’s iteration on the interior design profession.
TIMELINE
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Prehistoric & Primitive design
LECTURE CONTENTS
Ancient World
Middle Ages
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN & FURNITURE
PART 1
PREHISTORIC &
PRIMITIVE DESIGN
• ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIAN HOUSES
• ANCIENT CHINESE HOUSES
• ANCIENT AZTEC HOUSES
ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIAN
HOUSES
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
The Sumerians were the first to Upper class lived in double Among basic furniture in the
build great cities in storied buildings, whereas the Sumerian house, there were low
Mesopotamia. The main building craftsman and traders dwelled in tables, beds with wooden
material used was mud brick single storied ones. The layout frames, and high-backed chairs
dried in the sun because there included a kitchen with fireplace, and kitchens with household
was little wood or stone room for reviving guests vessels; there were also baskets
available. Homes were (downstairs), bedrooms and chests made of reed. Walls
windowless and roofs were flat. (upstairs), bathroom with and floors were often covered
People cooked and slept on their drainage system and courtyard with reed mats and skim rugs.
roofs, when weather permitted. providing cool air for the house Furniture also featured elegant
at night. upholstery and carved animal-
like legs.
HOUSE DIAGRAM
COURTYARD’S IMPORTANCE
Sumerian house is faced inward toward an open courtyard
which provided a cooling effect by creating convection
currents. This courtyard was the primary organising feature of
the house, all the rooms opened into it. Movement between
the house and street required a 90° turn through a small
antechamber. From the street only the rear wall of the
antechamber would be visible through an open door, likewise
there was no view of the street from the courtyard. The
Sumerians had a strict division of public and private spaces.
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ANCIENT CHINESE HOUSES
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Houses were made of baked bricks. The houses of noblemen
featured coloured glass windows and marble staircase and
fireplaces. Other characteristics of the ancient Chinese house is
kang - a hollow platform heated from underneath. Chinese
decorated their homes with rugs and cushions for sitting and
sleeping. Main furniture pieces here were low tables, carved
cabinets, chairs, dining tables.
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ANCIENT AZTEC HOUSES
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Most simple Aztec homes were built of adobe bricks, which
are made using mud, sand, water and straw, then dried in the
sun.
Furniture was also simple: comfortable reed mats for
sleeping, wood or leather chests for storing clothes and low
tables were in most homes, as well as clay pots and bowls,
stone metates for grinding corn, a griddle, water jugs and
buckets.
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MOST AZTECS HOMES ALSO HAD A SEPARATE BUILDING
FOR A STEAM BATH, AS THE AZTECS WERE VERY CLEAN
PEOPLE
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ANCIENT WORLD
• ANCIENT EGYPTIAN HOUSES
• ANCIENT GREEK HOUSES
• ANCIENT ROMAN HOUSES
ANCIENT EGYPTIAN HOUSES
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Towns and villages were built within or looking down on the
farming land along the Nile Valley. Houses were mainly built
out of sun dried bricks which were a mixture of mud and
straw.
The houses of noblemen had high ceilings with pillars, barred
windows, tiled floors, painted walls, and staircases leading up
to the flat roofs where one could overlook the estate. There
would be pools and gardens, servant’s quarters, wells,
granaries, stables, and a small shrine for worship.
https://earthlymission.com/the-homes-of-ancient-egyptians/
The rise of royal families saw for the first time
people living in magnificent structures boasted
murals that portrayed their history and beliefs.
I N S T I T U D E
D E S I G N
DEPICTION OF THE VILLAS
OF ELITE EGYPTIANS
H O M E
RECONSTRUCTION OF MULTI-
STOREY HOUSE
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EGYPTIAN FURNITURE
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ANCIENT GREEK HOUSES
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Architects used sophisticated geometry and optical tricks to
present buildings as perfectly straight and harmonious. The
improvements in civilisation allowed for regular people to
decorate their homes in their own style, the wealthier of which
had furniture containing silver and ivory. The Greeks also
brought in rules for construction of buildings which iconically
contained impressive pillars.
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KLISMOS CHAIR DIPHROS OKLADIAS KLINES
Klismos is one of the Greek also borrowed Couches with headboard
signature furniture pieces some Egyptian techniques used as backrest while
featuring curved legs, and to build the furniture such sitting, elegantly
a decorated backrest. as the folding X-frame upholstered.
chair.
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The Greek key symbolises unity and infinity.
I N S T I T U D E
D E S I G N
DECORATIVE MOTIF
H O M E
GREEK MEANDER ON POTTERY
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THE CLASSICAL ORDER
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ANCIENT ROMAN HOUSES
Mesmerising
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
THE ROMAN DOMUS SERVED AS A PLACE OF BUSINESS AND A
mosaic floors,
RELIGIOUS CENTRE FOR WORSHIP. HOUSES WERE PLANNED
WITH A COURTYARD AND ATRIUM. OTHER SPACE TYPICAL FOR
wall paintings
THE ROMAN HOUSE WERE THE LARARIUM, TABLINUM,
TRICLINIUM AND HORTUS.
and frescoes
DIONYSOS MOSAIC FLOORING
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DOMUS ROMANA
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SALLA SOLIUM THRONE CHAIR
Portable folding seat of First improvement upon Couches with headboard
office used as a symbolic the sella, not used as backrest while
throne of power upholstered, used by sitting, elegantly
house ruler, high backed upholstered
with solid arms
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BREAK
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN & FURNITURE PART 1
MIDDLE AGES
• EARLY BYZANTINE PERIOD
• ROMANESQUE PERIOD
• GOTHIC PERIOD
THE APOCALYPSE TAPESTRY IN SITU
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EARLY BYZANTINE PERIOD
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
The period is associated with the split of the Roman empire
during the time of Constantine the Great. Rome remained the
western capital, whereas Constantinople became the heart of
the Eastern Roman empire also known as Byzantia.
Christianity became an official religion in 313 AD and all
meetings were held publicly in the basilica - the typical
christian church.
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EARLY BYZANTINE PERIOD
HAGIA SOPHIA
The majestic dome with a diameter of about 32 metres gave
the impression to contemporaries of being suspended from
heaven. In plan it is almost square, but looked at from within, it
appears to be rectangular. The columns are of finest marble,
selected for their colour and variety and support the dome.
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The domed roof sits on an octagonal base. The
symmetry is radial and bilateral.
I N S T I T U D E
D E S I G N
INTERIOR OF SAN VITALE
H O M E
DETAIL OF MOSAIC DEPICTING JUSTINIAN I IN
BASILICA OF SAN VITALE, RAVENNA
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THE BASILICA CISTERN
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ROMANESQUE PERIOD
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
The name Romanesque refers to the fusion of Roman,
Carolingian and Ottonian, Byzantine, and local Germanic
traditions that make up the mature style. Romanesque
churches evolved the extensive use of a semicircular arch for
windows, doors, and arcades; a barrel vaults or groin vaults to
support the roof; and massive piers and walls to contain the
extremely forceful arched vaults.
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The art of monumental sculpture was revived in
western Europe
I N S T I T U D E
D E S I G N
ARCHITECTURAL SCULPTURE
H O M E
TWO-HEADED JANUS
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ROMANESQUE PERIOD
FURNITURE
Ivory Throne, c. 6th century; throne for archbishop of
Ravenna, Maximian. Displays the technique of relief carvings
with ivory inlays. The carvings are of religious symbols and
saints which were often gilded and painted.
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GOTHIC PERIOD
KEY CHARACTERISTICS
Following the dark ages decorative ornaments and colours were
brought into homes again. The Gothic era is noted for
its figurative decor and vertical focus as well as bringing the
trend of open floor plans and an emphasis on windows to
increase light. Trefoil symbolises the Christian Trinity and
different variations could be seen on windows, panelling and
tracery.
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Notre-Dame Cathedral is the most famous of the
Gothic cathedrals
I N S T I T U D E
D E S I G N
GARGOYLE SCULPTURES ON
THE FACADE
H O M E
FLYIN BUTTRESSES AT NOTRE
DAME CATHEDRAL
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GOTHIC CHAIR GOTHIC THRONE GOTHIC CHAIR
Gothic Chair, late 15th Gothic throne chair, 15th Linenfold on side panel,
Century; typical box chest Century tracery (horizontal
as base; Solid wood in carving at top of chair),
thick posts and rails and buttresses on back
holding thinner wooden
panels
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THANK YOU!
RENAISSANCE
• Early renaissance
• Middle/high renaissance
• Baroque/Rococo renaissance
