EE 260
Lecture 3
Arduino Overview II
Arduino Overview II
• Programming IDE!
• Serial Communications
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Software: Arduino IDE
• Based on Wiring—based on C/C++!
• The basic function has two required subroutines:!
• void
setup()
• void
loop()
• Includes and define as defined in C.
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Programing in C
• Refresh on the C
Language!
• Learn the C Language!
• In this class, it is
assumed that you have
a working knowledge of
C
http://wuweida.u.qiniudn.com/C%20Primer%20Plus%205th%20Edition(ENG).pdf
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Simplest Program: Do Nothing
void
setup()
{
}
void
loop()
{
}
But it compiles without error!
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
The Arduino IDE Commands
arduino.cc
Click on the !
Reference!
tab.
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Arduino IDE: Constants
Digital:
HIGH
|
LOW (logic level)
true
|
false (boolean)
GPIO Configuration:
INPUT
|
OUTPUT
|
INPUT_PULLUP
Numeric:
Integer: B11010101,
-‐123,
123uL,
0x3C,
0123
Float: -‐1.2,
1.7e5,
-‐62E-‐12
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Arduino IDE: Data Types
C C C C
int long char float
16b signed 32b signed 8b ‘’ signed 32b signed
unsigned
int unsigned
long boolean double
16b unsigned 32b unsigned 1b/8b binary 32b signed
C C S S
word byte string array
16b unsigned 8b unsigned 8b*nchar “
” signed 8b*nelem unsigned
short unsigned
char String void
16b signed 8b signed ?? signed 0b signed
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Team Work
Which data types are equivalent? (show all)
C C C C
int long char float
16b signed 32b signed 8b ‘’ signed 32b signed
unsigned
int unsigned
long boolean double
16b unsigned 32b unsigned 1b/8b binary 32b signed
C C S S
word byte string array
16b unsigned 8b unsigned 8b*nchar “
” signed 8b*nelem unsigned
short unsigned
char String void
16b signed 8b signed ?? signed 0b signed
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Arduino IDE: I/O Functions
Digital Digital Analog
INPUT
OUTPUT
pinMode tone analogReference
INPUT_PULLUP 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,
A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5
HIGH
LOW digitalWrite noTone analogRead
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,
A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5
HIGH
LOW digitalRead pulseIn analogWrite
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,
A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Arduino IDE: Interrupts
• attachInterrupt
• detachInterrupt
!
• interrupts()
• noInterrupts()
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Arduino IDE: Bits & Bytes
• lowByte!
• highByte!
• bitRead!
• bitWrite!
• bitSet!
• bitClear!
• bit
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Arduino IDE: Communications
• shiftOut
• shiftIn
• Serial
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Arduino IDE: Serial.xxx
(Serial) flush() print()
available() parseFloat() println()
begin() parseInt() write()
end() peek() read()
find() setTimeout() readBytes()
findUntil() serialEvent() readBytesUntil()
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Arduino IDE: Basic Operators
Arithmetic Comparison Logic/Pointer Bitwise Assignment
=
== && & ++
+
!= || | -‐-‐
-‐
< ! ^ +=
*
> ~ -‐=
/
<= *var << *=,
/=
%
>= &var >> &=,
|=
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Arduino IDE: Functions
MATH MATH MATH Timing
min() constrain() sqrt() millis()
max() map() random() micros()
abs() pow() randomSeed() delay()
sin() cos() tan() delayMicroseconds()
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Arduino IDE: Flow Control
• if
• do...
while
• if...else
• break
• for
• continue
• switch
case
• return
• while
• goto
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Speed Test: LED Flash
Arduino IDE C/C++
void
setup()
void
setup()
{
{
pinMode(13,
OUTPUT);
pinMode(13,
OUTPUT);
}
}
void
loop()
void
loop()
{
{
digitalWrite(13,
HIGH);
while(1)
digitalWrite(13,
LOW);
{
}
PORTB
|=
0×20;
//
ON
PORTB
&=
~0×20;//
OFF
}
Frequency = 121 kHz }
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II Frequency = 2.66 MHz
Other Benchmarks
DigitalRead
3.737
us
DigitalWrite
3.923
us
pinMode
4.648
us
multiply
(volatile
byte)
0.654
us
divide
(volatile
byte)
12.915
us
multiply
(volatile
integer)
1.472
us
divide
(volatile
integer)
15.245
us
multiply
(volatile
long)
4.552
us
multiply
(single
float)
7.132
us
multiply
(double
float)
7.132
us
divide
(double
float)
80.000
us
random()
137.475
us
bitSet()
(with
volatile)
0.591
us
analogRead()
112.000
us
analogWrite()
11.630
us
delay(1)
1004.000
us
delay(100)
99975.000
us
delayMicroseconds(1)
0.906
us
delayMicroseconds(5)
4.679
us
delayMicroseconds(100)
100.250
us
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Serial Communication
void
setup()
{
byte
data
=
100;
Serial.begin(9600);
while(!Serial){
;
}
Serial.print(data,
BIN);
Serial.print(",
");
Serial.print(data,
OCT);
Serial.print(",
");
Serial.print(data,
DEC);
Serial.print(",
");
Serial.print(data,
HEX);
Serial.print(",
");
Serial.write(data);
Serial.println("
");
}
void
loop()
{
}
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Arduino Serial: Latency
a measure of the time delay experienced by a system
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
Arduino Serial: Bandwidth
the rate of data transfer, in kilobits per second (kB/s)
EE 260 Lecture 3: Arduino Overview II
