Philippine Architecture: US Era

The document provides an overview of architecture in the Philippines during the American period from 1898-1946. It discusses how American neoclassical styles were introduced to replace Spanish colonial styles. It also describes the infrastructure and building projects undertaken by the Americans to facilitate their control of the islands, such as new military camps, urban planning to improve sanitation, and the development of new house types. Major architects of the period such as William Parsons and Daniel Burnham contributed plans for cities like Manila and Baguio.

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Philippine Architecture: US Era

Uploaded by

Jamna Myrein Vallesteros

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

History of Architecture IV

History of Philippine Architecture

MODULE 03
Philippine Architecture in the
American Period
Philippine
ARCHITECTURE
AMERICAN PERIOD
AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE
in the Philippines
IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
Spanish-American War (Guerra Hispano-Estadounidense) 1898
• conflict between USA & Spain
• Result of US intervention in Cuban war of independence

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

Problems of Spain: World War 1 (the Great war)
Political and Throne
Revolution in the Colonies

Queen Maria Christina King Alfonso XIII

Spanish-American War (Guerra Hispano-Estadounidense) 1898
• end and fall of Spanish Empire
Spanish-American War (Guerra Hispano-Estadounidense) 1898

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

23 January 1898
1st Republic of the
Philippines and
Malolos Congress in
Malolos, Bulacan

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
12 June 1898
Aguinaldo declared
the independence of
the Philippines in
Kawit, Cavite,
establishing the First
Philippine Republic
under Asia's first
democratic
constitution

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

11 Aug 1898
Washington Protocol
of Peace
United States
and Spain

Spanish Prime Minister United States President

Práxedes Mariano Mateo William Mckinley
Sagasta y Escolar

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

10 Dec 1898
Treaty of Paris:
EL FIN DE EMPERIO DE
ESPAÑOL en Las Islas
Filipinas

Treaty of Paris between

Spain and the United
States discussed the
terms ending the Spain-
US war

This Treaty of Peace

ceded the Philippines to
the United States for
$20,000,000

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

04 February 1899
Hey!!! Uncle Sam!!!

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
February 1899 to April 1902
Philippine - American war

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

Aftermath of the
Philippine-American
War:
- American
occupation (after
defeating the
Filipino Guerrillas)
- Massive
rebuilding of the
Philippines along
American model
1. Infrastructures to
facilitate in Military
control
2. Public Health
3. Education
4. Commerce

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

U.S. President McKinley justified the annexation of
the Philippines by saying that it was "a gift from the
gods”.

”They were unfit for self-government, … there

was nothing left for us to do but to take them all,
and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and
civilize and Christianize them."
15 August 1898 - 1st Public works office, placed under Military corps
engineers headed by General Arthur Mcarthur
William Howard Taft (civil governor general) - control of
development planning in the islands
IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD
THEORY OF STYLE
Early colonization
• Colonial Mission
Revival
• Monumental
American
Neoclassicism
declared by US as its
official style in the
Philippines at the
beginning of the
twentieth century

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

THEORY OF STYLE
• Monumental
American
Neoclassicism
articulated by William
E. Parsons within
Associationist
aesthetics, credo that
introduced the Hybrid
architecture in the
Philippines in
Compliance with
Daniel H. Burnham’s
architectural
prescription to
profusely use local
building motifs

IMPERIAL AMERICA AND COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

THEORY OF STYLE
• Fusion of Vernacular
Style
work of Parsons
evidently rummaged
familiar local
architecture icons
from Hispanized
colonial structures
overlaid with a
neoclassical massing
and consequently
formed a so called
TROPICAL HYBRID
STYLE