Week 1

Week 1
Computer Appreciation
Module Description
Computer Appreciation
Module Learning Objectives
• Demonstrate understanding of the fundamental hardware
components that make up a computer’s hardware and the
role of each of these components
• Demonstrate understanding of the difference between an
operating system and an application program, and what
each is used for in a computer
• Explain the fundamental concepts of computer hardware
and software
• Acquire the foundation level knowledge required to
understand computer and its operations.
Information Processing System
• DATA is a collection of independent and unorganized
facts.
• INFORMATION is the processed and organized data

presented in a meaningful form.
• DATA PROCESSING is the course of doing things in a

sequence of steps.
• COMPUTER is an electronic machine that follows a set

of instructions in order that it may be able to accept and
gather data and transform these into information.
PROCESSING
SYSTEM
INFORMATION
DATA
Functions of an Information Processing System
1. It accepts and gather data. (INPUT)

2. It processes data to become information.
(PROCESSING)
3. It stores data and information. (STORE)
4. It presents information. (OUTPUT)
Basic Units of Measurement
• BIT is a unit of information equivalent to the result of a choice
between only 2 possible alternatives in the binary number
system.
• BYTE is a sequence of 8 bits (enough to represent one

character of alphanumeric data) processed as a single unit for
information.
• A byte can be used to represent a single character, which can be:
• A letter
• A number
• A special character or symbol, or
• A space
BASIC PC HARDWARE
• HARDWARE is the tangible part of a computer
system.
Basic hardware of a PC system
• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Memory Unit
• Input Devices
• Output Devices
• Secondary Storage Devices

1. Central Processing Unit
• Brain of the computer.
• It directs and controls the entire computer system
and performs all arithmetic and logical operations.
2. Memory Unit
• Where the programs and data are
stored .
• READ ONLY MEMORY
(ROM) contains the pre-
programmed computer
instructions such as the Basic
Input Output System (BIOS).
• RANDOM ACCESS
MEMORY (RAM) is used to
store the programs and data
that you will run. Exists only
when there is power.
3. Input Devices
• Allows data and programs to

be sent to the CPU.
•
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Joystick
• Microphone
• Webcam
• Scanner
• Monitor
Two Types of Mouse
• Mechanical - a type of
computer mouse that
has a rubber or metal
ball on its underside and
it can roll in every
direction.
• Optical: This type uses

a laser for detecting the
mouse's movement.
How a Mouse Hooks Up to a PC
• PS/2 Mouse
• Serial Mouse
• USB/Cordless Mouse
Other Pointing Devices
• Trackball
• Track point
• Touch pad
• Touch Screen
• Joystick – input device for
computer games
• Light Pens – light-sensitive penlike

device
• Stylus – penlike device commonly

used with tablet PCs and PDAs.
Scanning Devices
• Optical scanners
• Card readers
• Bar code readers
• Character and mark recognition
devices
4. Output Devices
• Media used by the computer in displaying its
responses to our requests and instructions.
• Monitor
• Audio Speakers
• Printer
Types of Monitor
• Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
• Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

Printers
• IMPACT PRINTERS uses pressure by physically

striking the paper. Ex. Daisy wheel printers, line
printers, dot matrix printers & band printers.
• NON-IMPACT PRINTER does not apply pressure

on the paper but instead produces character by
using lasers, ink spray, photography or heat.
Dot matrix printer
Laser
printer Inkjet printer
5. Secondary Storage Devices
• Attached to the computer system to allow you to

store programs and data permanently for the
purpose of retrieving them for future use.
• Floppy disk, Hard disk, CD Rom

Floppy Disk
• The most common secondary storage device
• 3.5” disk – 1.44MB

High-Capacity Floppy Disks
• Floppy disk cartridges

• 3 ½ inches in diameter
• Stores more information
• Zip disks
Hard Disk Drive or Hard Disk
• Made of rigid materials unlike floppy disks

• Holds a greater amount of data
Optical Discs
• A standard part of modern desktop machines,

especially used for multimedia purposes and
preferred in loading applications.
Kinds of Discs
• Blue Ray Disk – 40G
• Digital Versatile Disk

• DVD-R – write once, 3.95G
• DVD RW – rewritable, 3G
• Single Layer and Double Layer
• Compact Disk
• CD-R – write once, 650MB
• CD-RW – rewritable, 700MB
Optical Drives
• CD-ROM read CDs

• CD-Writer read/write CDs
• DVD-Combo read/write CDs, read DVD
• DVD Writer read/write CDs
read/write DVDs
Other Secondary Storage
• Solid-State Storage
• No moving parts
• Flash memory cards
• USB flash drives

Parts that Build Up A System Unit
• Casing or cover • Sound card

• Power Supply • Floppy disk drive
• Motherboard • Hard disk drive
• Microprocessor • CD-ROM drive
• Memory • MODEM
• Video Card
Casing or cover
• The box or outer shell that

houses most of the
computer, it is usually one
of the most overlooked
parts of the PC.
• Protects the computer

circuits, cooling and system
organization.
Power Supply
• Responsible for powering

every device in your computer.
• Parts of a Power supply:

• Disk drive connectors
• Motherboard connector
• Power supply fan
• Power switch
• Input voltage selector
• Cover
• Power plugs receptacle
Motherboard
• The physical arrangement in a computer that

contains the computer’s basic circuitry and
components.
• Components are:
• Microprocessor
• (Optional) Coprocessors
• Memory
• Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)
• Expansion Slot
• Interconnecting circuitry
Software
• Instructions that tell the computer how to process data into

the form you want.
• Software and programs are interchangeable.
• Two major types:

• System and Applications
2 Kinds of Software
1. System Software enables the application software to

interact with the computer hardware.
• Operating Systems are programs that coordinate

computer resources, provide an interface between
users and the computer; and run applications.
• Utilities perform specific tasks related to managing
computer resources.
Functions of a System Software
• Managing resources (memory, processing, storage,
and devices like printer).
• Providing user interface
• Running applications
2. Applications Software - provides the real functionality
of a computer. It help you use your computer to do
specific types of work.
• Basic Applications, widely used in all career areas.

• Specialized Applications, more narrowly focused on
specific disciplines and occupations.
Activity:
• List down at least 5 characteristics of a Computer.
• Give at least 5 benefits of using computer.
Be ready and prepared for I will call your name

randomly.
Good Luck!

Week 1 - Computer Appreciation CMDI

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Week 1 - Computer Appreciation CMDI

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• INFORMATION is the processed and organized data

• DATA PROCESSING is the course of doing things in a

• COMPUTER is an electronic machine that follows a set

1. It accepts and gather data. (INPUT)

• BYTE is a sequence of 8 bits (enough to represent one

• A byte can be used to represent a single character, which can be:

• Secondary Storage Devices

• Allows data and programs to

• Optical: This type uses

• Light Pens – light-sensitive penlike

• Stylus – penlike device commonly

• Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)

• Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

• IMPACT PRINTERS uses pressure by physically

• NON-IMPACT PRINTER does not apply pressure

• Attached to the computer system to allow you to

• Floppy disk, Hard disk, CD Rom

• The most common secondary storage device

• 3.5” disk – 1.44MB

• Floppy disk cartridges

• Made of rigid materials unlike floppy disks

• A standard part of modern desktop machines,

• Digital Versatile Disk

• CD-ROM read CDs

• USB flash drives

• Casing or cover • Sound card

• The box or outer shell that

• Protects the computer

• Responsible for powering

• Parts of a Power supply:

• The physical arrangement in a computer that

• Instructions that tell the computer how to process data into

• Software and programs are interchangeable.

• Two major types:

1. System Software enables the application software to

• Operating Systems are programs that coordinate

• Basic Applications, widely used in all career areas.

Be ready and prepared for I will call your name

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