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AKI vs CKD: Key Differences

AKI is acute kidney injury caused by a precipitating event that acutely impairs kidney function, leading to sudden changes like decreased urine output and fluid overload. CKD is chronic kidney disease caused by an underlying condition like diabetes or hypertension that gradually damages kidneys over time. While AKI patients experience acute changes, CKD patients try to compensate through mechanisms like decreasing sodium reabsorption to maintain balance, resulting in more gradual symptoms like reduced exercise tolerance. Laboratory tests can also help distinguish AKI from CKD based on differences in indicators like potassium, hemoglobin, urine analysis results, and ultrasound findings.

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Kevin Tran
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139 views2 pages

AKI vs CKD: Key Differences

AKI is acute kidney injury caused by a precipitating event that acutely impairs kidney function, leading to sudden changes like decreased urine output and fluid overload. CKD is chronic kidney disease caused by an underlying condition like diabetes or hypertension that gradually damages kidneys over time. While AKI patients experience acute changes, CKD patients try to compensate through mechanisms like decreasing sodium reabsorption to maintain balance, resulting in more gradual symptoms like reduced exercise tolerance. Laboratory tests can also help distinguish AKI from CKD based on differences in indicators like potassium, hemoglobin, urine analysis results, and ultrasound findings.

Uploaded by

Kevin Tran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

AKI VS CKD

AKI CKD
History Was there a precipitating  Is there an underlying disease known to be
eventing associated with CKD
  BP  DM, HTN
 Fluid loss
 Exposure to med (ACEi,
aminoglycoside),
contrast dye
Symptoms Looks and feels ill  Non specific fatigue
N/V  Reduced exercise tolerance
Fluid overload
What is the 
patients
baselines
and or most
recent
serum
creatine
Urine Sudden drop in urine output  Normal until ESRD. This is because the body
output tries to compensate for decreased filtration by
decreasing reabsorption of sodium and water
to maintain balance  think oof functional
reserve and hypertrophy of remaining
nephrons
 History of long standing nocturia bc the
damaged nephrons are unable to concentrate
urine at night (ADH)
Hb Normal (bc the RBC that are  Reduced
present in the body can last for  The patient may have been in a low EPO
120 days state for years
K+ High Normal
No GFR  no K+ secretion and  Gradual adjustments in tubular function
AKI patients can be catabolic allowing for some slight reabsorption of Na
and breaking down tissue and thus secretion of K+ in the collecting
releasing K+ tubules
Urinanalysis Little proteins Lots of protein
Cells that illustrate cell death/ Non specific granular cast
renal casts
USS Obstructed (hydronephrosis) Small
Large and plump Shrunken
Echogenic
Does the Yes No
serum  GFR can drop to 0 in a  GFR stops in a small stepwise fashion
creatitine short amount of time  Each is a state of steady
change while creatinen is
produced at the same
rate by muscle
Serum PTH Normal Raised
 Reduced production of vitamin D3 by the
kidneys  hypocalcaemia  stimulation of
PTH

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