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Score 18/24
You passed this Milestone
18 questions were answered correctly.
UNIT 1 — MILESTONE 1
6 questions were answered incorrectly.
1
By the late 1800s, some settlers’ dreams of the West were not matched by the realities.
Choose the statement that describes one of these “realities.”
“If I work hard, I will succeed."
“The West is a land of individual freedom.”
“Establishing a farm is expensive.”
"Railroads will help me compete with large farms."
CONCEPT
Homesteading
2
Because of the economic downturn in the 1890s, many Americans organized in order to seek relief from corporations and
elected officials.
Choose the statement that reflects an action undertaken in the 1890s to improve conditions for workers.
"We joined with farmers in a national political coalition to gain a more powerful voice in the federal government.”
"American farmers and urban workers united in powerful unions to sway national policy."
“We marched on Washington, D.C. to advocate for public works jobs for the unemployed.”
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"We hired Pinkerton private security officers to protect laborers at our company."
CONCEPT
Economic Depression and Labor Unrest in the 1890s
3
Choose the factor that was most likely an effect of rapid industrialization in the United States during the late 19th
century.
Increased reliance on local shops and markets
Communication advances such as the telegram
Grants of public lands to railroad companies
New infrastructures in large cities, such as elevated trains
CONCEPT
Growth of the City
4
Which list of activities best represents the basic practices of historians?
Maintaining consistency in historical narratives over time,
asking questions about the future,
remaining objective and
stating personal opinions about the past
Creating narratives about the past,
interpreting evidence from the past,
remaining objective and
selecting relevant primary and secondary sources
Maintaining consistency in historical narratives over time,
asking questions about the future,
insisting on a single narrative for the past and
referencing strongly biased secondary sources
Maintaining consistency in historical narratives over time,
interpreting evidence from the past,
remaining objective and
referencing strongly biased secondary sources
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CONCEPT
The Historian's Practice
5
Choose the statement that best reflects an argument used by Chief Joseph to oppose federal assimilation.
“If the white man wants to live in peace with us, we only ask that all men are treated equal and are subject to the same
laws.”
“Indians want to live in peace and we are willing to forego our traditions in order to do so.”
"The government is not planning to provide us with enough land to grow crops."
“Indians must conform to American society in order to grow and advance as a people.”
CONCEPT
Western Conquest and Indian Assimilation
6
Consider the excerpt from a speech given by the former slave and abolitionist Frederick Douglass to the Massachusetts Anti-
Slavery Society:
"I have had but one idea for the last three years to present to the American people, and the phraseology in which I clothe it is
the old abolition phraseology. I am for the 'immediate, unconditional, and universal' enfranchisement of the black man, in
every State in the Union. [Loud applause.] Without this, his liberty is a mockery; without this, you might as well almost retain
the old name of slavery for his condition; for in fact, if he is not the slave of the individual master, he is the slave of society,
and holds his liberty as a privilege, not as a right. He is at the mercy of the mob, and has no means of protecting himself."
Which question would be most relevant for analyzing this historical speech?
How many people were in the audience?
Where was the speech presented?
How old was Douglass when he delivered the speech?
Where were most African Americans living at this time in history?
CONCEPT
Analyzing Primary Sources
7
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Choose the statement that applies equally to the "Old South" and the "New South."
Sharecropping was a dominant feature of the economy.
Cotton cultivation relied heavily on African American slave labor.
Expanded railroad lines facilitated the easy movement of goods.
African Americans endured intimidation, violence and political disfranchisement.
CONCEPT
Race in the New South
8
Which of the following men was associated with the growth of the Populist Party in the late 19th century?
Garret Hobart
Ignatius Donnelly
William McKinley
David Bennett Hill
CONCEPT
Rural America in the Late 19th Century
9
In the summer of 1893, a young historian, Frederick Jackson Turner, presented a paper that explained his views on the
significance of the frontier in American history.
Choose the statement that best reflects Turner’s views on the significance of the Western frontier.
Turner believed that frontier expansion paralleled the economic and social organizations that already existed in the
Eastern United States.
Turner acknowledged how the Western environment required the development of settlement patterns and social
structures that fundamentally differed from those in the East.
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Turner maintained that individual settlers and Native American tribes interacted with one another and created societies
that were unique to the frontier.
Turner included women in his argument, rejecting the myth that the West was only for rugged, masculine individuals.
CONCEPT
The Frontier in American History
10
What was the effect of the Supreme Court decision in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson?
It determined the Civil Rights Act of 1875 was unconstitutional and unenforceable for private businesses.
It affirmed that federal rights differed from state rights and states could discriminate according to their own laws.
It confirmed the policy of “separate but equal” in the public sphere.
It narrowed the 14th Amendment by arguing the obligation to enforce it lay with the states, not the federal government.
CONCEPT
Race in the New South
11
Which statement is true of a primary source?
Primary sources are primarily used for fact-checking and learning more about the time period.
A primary source provides an objective narrative about a set of facts.
All textbooks and history books written by experts in the field are primary sources.
A primary source is usually created at the time an event takes place.
CONCEPT
Analyzing Primary Sources
12
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Rosemary is curious about the history of the Amish in America and begins her research at the library. As a historian, she is
aware of possible influences on her interpretation of events.
Which factor should be allowed to influence her interpretation?
Her personal bias toward the Amish
What her conclusion will be
The historical question she wants to ask
The language she uses
CONCEPT
The Historian's Practice
13
Hannah runs a hospitality business with Ray and Susan, backed by a group of investors who provide the funding but rely on
Hannah and company to operate the business.
What term best describes this type of business arrangement?
A trust
A trade
A monopoly
A holding company
CONCEPT
Corporations and Industry in the Late 19th Century
14
Several ideologies—social Darwinism, the self-made man and the Gospel of Wealth—emerged in the Gilded Age, each with
its advocates.
Choose the statement most likely spoken by Henry George.
“People should own what they create, but land and natural resources should belong to everyone equally.”
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“Business leaders must be philanthropists and support those less fortunate in order to advance society.”
“Inheriting wealth or a title must be accompanied by an ability to adapt in order to be successful.”
“Everyone has an opportunity to climb the economic ladder, and if one doesn’t, it is due to laziness.”
CONCEPT
The Gilded Age
15
In the late 19th century, the consolidation of manufacturing in large cities, along with an ever-growing railroad system,
changed the nature of consumerism in rural America.
Choose the most accurate statement about these changes in rural consumption practices.
“Our local shopkeepers compete quite well with the mail-order catalog companies.”
“We are frustrated that we can no longer consume the same goods that city folks have access to.”
“I now have direct access to manufactured goods, without going through a middleman.”
“I am concerned that any large purchase I make from this company's catalog does not come with a guarantee.”
CONCEPT
Industrialization and Consumer Culture
16
Choose the most accurate statement about the nature of politics in the Gilded Age.
Presidents owed their elections to the votes of ordinary citizens rather than to partisan allies.
The federal government often intervened in the lives of ordinary citizens during the Gilded Age.
The federal government demonetized silver, which was unpopular with corporate leaders.
Candidates and officials exchanged favors with political machines for votes.
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CONCEPT
Gilded Age Politics
17
What was the philosophy behind the Social Gospel?
Help the working class, particularly women with children, with health care and education.
Religious leaders, as well as ordinary Americans, must work together to support individuals from all class backgrounds.
Those who give themselves over to God and agree to help themselves deserve assistance from the church.
It is vitally important that the conditions of the working poor living in slums and tenements be documented and shared.
CONCEPT
Growth of the City
18
Read the excerpt from the autobiography of Russian immigrant Mary Antin, published in 1912:
"I am not afraid to live on and on, if only I do not have to remember too much. A long past vividly remembered is like a heavy
garment that clings to your limbs when you run. And I have thought of a charm that should release me from the folds of my
clinging past. I take the hint from the Ancient Mariner, who told his tale in order to be rid of it. I, too, will tell my tale, for
once, and never hark back any more."
What aspect of the immigrant experience is reflected in Antin's excerpt?
The struggle to deny her Russian heritage
The vow to never return to Russia again
The need to educate others about her family traditions
The effort to assimilate to American culture
CONCEPT
Late 19th Century Immigrant Experience
19
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"The telegraph profoundly changed businesses and governments by making rapid, long-distance communication possible."
A historian would most likely make this statement if they were analyzing this image through what historical lens?
Gender
Law
Science
Class
CONCEPT
The Lenses of History
20
Choose the true statement about the nature of the rural economy in the late 19th century.
Most farmers grew wheat or cotton because that was all they could afford to grow.
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Many poor farmers owned abundant land but lacked the money and tools to develop it.
Sharecroppers often worked a plot of land for several years and were then able to purchase it.
Farmers endured hardship during the Gilded Age but were unable to organize collectively to improve their situation.
CONCEPT
Rural America in the Late 19th Century
21
Choose the true statement about the Knights of Labor.
At its height, its membership was more than 700,000 workers.
It was a combination of about 20 different craft unions.
It rejected women and minorities from its union.
It was led by Samuel Gompers.
CONCEPT
Working Class Life and Labor Unions in the Gilded Age
22
One significant aspect of the election of 1896, exemplified by William Jennings Bryan's campaign, was:
The acceptance of corporate contributions
Large crowds hearing his speeches
Supporters being received in his home
The distribution of campaign flyers
CONCEPT
The Election of 1896
23
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Read the newspaper excerpt from the Austin Weekly Statesman about a railroad strike in Fort Worth, Texas in 1886.
"Governor Ireland, who was present, said the quarrel between the Knights of Labor and the railroads did not concern the
state. The lawlessness existing here was the matter with which the state had to deal. Every order had among its members a
heap of bad men, and would not undertake to become responsible for them. The Knights of Labor made a great mistake in
permitting a man in another state to order men in Texas to quit work, who struck without being able to give any reason except
that they had been ordered out. He did not believe the Knights of Labor sanctioned lawlessness."
What group of people's perspective is being described in this excerpt?
Police officers
Labor organizers
Government officials
Business leaders
CONCEPT
Labor Conflict in the Gilded Age
24
Which statement about populism most closely aligns with historian Michael Kazin’s interpretation of the term?
It is a political style that uses a certain type of language and rhetoric to advance the agenda of a political coalition.
It is a political stance that supports every individual’s right to maximum liberty and freedom.
It offers a democratic alternative to compulsory government that is harmful or corrupted.
It represents a distinct political movement that offers a democratic alternative to the corporate state.
CONCEPT
How Historians View Populism
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