Arya Vidya Mandir Group of Schools
Std VII Computer
Number System
Number System
Decimal base 10 Octal Nos Hexadeimal 0-9,
BInary base is 2
Nos are 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7 A,B,C,D,E,F bASE
Nos are 0 and 1
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Base 8 IS 16
Introduction:
We are aware of the decimal number system which we use in our daily life. It
consists of numbers from 0 to 9 i.e. 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Thus, it makes use of a
combination of these 10 numbers to form any number. Since it consists of 10
numbers, its base is 10 and it is called the Decimal Number System. A Decimal
number can be either an integer or a decimal fraction. The word ‘decimal’ may give
you the impression that it must necessarily be a decimal fraction with a decimal point
but that is not the case.
We have the following number systems in computers:
1. Binary
2. Octal and
3. Hexadecimal
Binary Number system:
The Binary number system consists of only two numbers i.e. 0 and 1. These are
used to represent the ‘off’ state and ‘on’ state. 0 represents ‘off’ and 1 represent ‘on’.
Any number in the binary number is formed using only these two digits. The base of
the binary number system is 2 since it consists of 2 numbers.
Conversion of a Decimal number to a Binary Number:
Given below are the steps to convert a decimal number to a Binary number:
1. Repeatedly divide the number/quotient by its base i.e 2 till such a time that the
quotient becomes zero.
2. Alongside write the remainders.
3. When the quotient becomes zero, take the remainders from bottom to top
and write them from left to right.
4. The number so formed is the binary equivalent of the decimal number.
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Examples
1) (15)10 = (?)2
Base Quotient Remainder
2 15
2 7 1
2 3 1
2 1 1
0 1
Taking the remainders from bottom to the top and writing them from left to right,
we get the binary number as (1111)2
Therefore, (15)10 = (1111)2
2) (125)10 = (?)2
Base Quotient Remainder
2 125
2 62 1
2 31 0
2 15 1
2 7 1
2 3 1
2 1 1
0 1
Taking the remainders from bottom to the top and writing them from left to right, we
get the binary number as (1111101)2
Therefore, (125)10 = (1111101)2
Solve:
1) (56)10 = (?)2
2) (113)10 = (?)2
3) (137)10 = (?)2
4) (253)10 = (?)2
5) (39)10 = (?)2
6) (13)10 = (?)2
Conversion of a Binary number to a Decimal Number:
Given below are the steps to convert a binary number to a decimal number:
1) Write each of the digits of the binary number widely spaced.
2) On the next line, below the digits, write multiplied by 2 to a specific power.
3) The power for the above will begin from 0 starting from the rightmost digit,
increasing by 1 as you move to the left.
4) Finally, add the products obtained in the above.
5) The answer or sum obtained in the above, will be the required decimal
number.
Examples
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1) (1111)2 =(? )10
1 1 1 1
X 23 22 21 20
8+ 4 + 2 + 1 =15
Therefore, (1111)2 =(15)10
Similarly, convert all the binary numbers obtained in the above examples and
exercise, to decimal numbers.
2) 11111012 =(?)10
1 1 1 1 1 0 1
x26 25 24 23 22 21 20
64 32 16 8 4 0 1
11111012 =(125)10
Octal Number system:
The Octal number system consists of the numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7.
Since it consists of 8 numbers, its base is 8.
Conversion of a Decimal number to a Octal Number:
Given below are the steps to convert a decimal number to a Octal number:
1. Repeatedly divide the number/quotient by its base i.e. 8 till such a time that
the quotient becomes zero.
2. Alongside write the remainders.
3. When the quotient becomes zero, take the remainders from bottom to top and
write them from left to right.
4. The number so formed is the Octal equivalent of the decimal number.
Examples
1) (15)10 = (?)8
Base Quotient Remainder
8 15
8 1 7
0 1
Taking the remainders from bottom to the top and writing them from left to right, we
get the octal number as (17)8
Therefore, (15)10 = (17)8
2) (125)10 = (?)8
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Base Quotient Remainder
8 125
8 15 5
8 1 7
0
Taking the remainders from bottom to the top and writing them from left to right, we
get the octal number as (175)8
Therefore, (125)10 = (175)8
Solve:
1) (56)10 = (?)8
2) (113)10 = (?)8
3) (248)10 = (?)8
4) (25)10 = (?)8
5) (93)10 = (?)8
6) (13)10 = (?)8
Conversion of a Octal number to a Decimal Number:
Given below are the steps to convert an Octal number to decimal
1) Write each of the digits of the octal number widely spaced.
2) On the next line, below the digits, write multiplied by 8 to a specific power.
3) The power for the above will begin from 0 starting from the rightmost digit,
increasing by 1 as you move to the left.
4) Finally, add the products obtained in the above.
5) The answer or sum obtained in the above will be the required decimal
number.
Examples
1) (17)8 =(? )10
1 7
X 81 80
8+ 7 = 15
Therefore, (17)8 =(15)10
Similarly, convert all the octal numbers obtained in the above examples and
exercise, to decimal numbers.
Hexadecimal Number system:
The Hexadecimal number system consists of the numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,
A,B,C,D,E and F. Here, A represents 10, B represents 11 and so on. So F will
represent the number 15. Since it consists of 16 numbers, its base is 16.
Conversion of a Decimal number to a Hexadecimal Number:
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Given below are the steps to convert a decimal number to a Hexadecimal number:
1. Repeatedly divide the number/quotient by its base i.e. 16 till such a time that
the quotient becomes zero.
2. Alongside write the remainders.
3. If the remainder is greater than or equal to 10, represent it by a letter by
replacing it by the equivalent letter.
4. When the quotient becomes zero, take the remainders from bottom to top and
write them from left to right.
5. The number so formed is the Hexadecimal equivalent of the decimal number.
Examples
1) (254)10 = (?)16
Bas Quotien Remainde
e t r
16 254
16 15 14 E
0 15 F
Taking the remainders from bottom to the top and writing them from left to right, we
get the hexadecimal number as (FE)16
Therefore, (254)10 = (FE)16
2) (125)10 = (?)16
Bas Quotien Remainde
e t r
16 125
16 7 13 D
0 7
Taking the remainders from bottom to the top and writing them from left to right, we
get the hexadecimal number as (7D)16
Therefore, (125)10 = (7D)16
3) (150)10 = (?)16
Bas Quotien Remainde
e t r
16 150
16 9 6
0 9
Taking the remainders from bottom to the top and writing them from left to right, we
get the hexadecimal number as (96)16
Therefore, (150)10 = (96)16
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Solve:
1)(67)10 = (?)16
2) (105)10 = (?)16
3) (171)10 = (?)16
4)(253)10 = (?)16
5)(43)10 = (?)16
Conversion of a Hexadecimal number to a Decimal Number:
Given below are the steps to convert a Hexadecimal number to a decimal number:
1) Write each of the digits of the hexadecimal number widely spaced.
2) Replace the letters by its equivalent number.
3) On the next line, below the digits, write multiplied by 16 to a specific
power.
4) The power for the above will begin from 0 starting from the rightmost digit,
increasing by 1 as you move to the left.
5) Finally, add the products obtained in the above.
6) The answer or sum obtained in the above, will be the required decimal
number.
Example
1) (FE)16 =(? )10
F 15 E 14
X 161 x160
240 + 14 = 254
Therefore, (FE)16 =(254)10
Similarly, convert all the hexadecimal numbers obtained in the above examples and
exercise, to decimal numbers.
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