SERIES FIVE 10.5 cm Pz FH 18/2 auf Kpfw Il (SF) "WESPE" Sd Kfz 124 (Ge) M 24 Light Tank "CHAFFEE" (us) M4 Medium Tank with 105 mm Howitzer (US) Volkswagen Personenwagen, Pioniergerate- wagen, and Schwimm Fahiger (Ge)a - 13 r ABOVE: Light Tank M 24 'Chaffee'. The 'T' Number indicates that this vehicle is one of those supplied to the British Army in the latter days of the war. (Imperial War Museum Photo) BELOW: An M4EB fitted with a 105mm Howitzer, for close support duties. This is one of the Few examples supplied to the British Army. In British service it was known as the Sherman Mk IBY. The B standing for the howitzer armament and the Y for the HVSS suspension.10.5 cm P2FH 18 auf GW II - 1942 Scale 1:76 (4mm to 1 foot) drawn by H.L. Doyle.BELLONA PRINTS SERIES 5, No.20 GE. 10.5 em. [Link] 16/2 auf Px Kpfw Il (Sf) - Wespe, Sd Kf 124 During the 1930e, the concept of the new Panzer divisions called for sal-popalled gunt, both anti-tank and close svpport, to move Forward with leading slaments in @ mobile campaign. However, by the outbreak of war in 1939 this concept hod stil to be realised.” Even the tank battaon: et this time were sill lorgely equipped with bsolescent taining vehicles, such at the Pe Kor Il, By 194 this tank wos confined to recce companies, leaving mony vehicles surplus to requirements. This co-incided with a demand forthe rapid provision of self-propelled {guns end it was suggested that on ebsolete fork chasss be employed for this purpose, thus not affecting new tank production. With the oppearance of the T 34 following the Geman invasion of Rusia, all German tanks and most A/T guns were rendered cbsolete overnight ‘The whale position was now changed, and as 9 stop-gop a quantity of captured Russian 7.82 em. guns were hurriedly mounted on thefist suitable chassis available. This was thot ofthe Pz Kw Il which was employed together with the chassis ofthe Pz Kw 38 (I). Subsequently the ‘new German 7.5 cm. Pek 40 wos utilised in the same way, and plons for more sophisticated s.p vehicles were temporartly shelved. By the last quarter of 1942, however, new tank modals ware reody, and the situation was stabilised enough to ollow the design of better s.p conversions, The Pz Kw Il 'F¥ was therefore selected for mounting the [Link]. light Field gun, a standard German artillery weapon. The design was approved at once, and by December 1942 the Fist Wespes were leaving the preduction line atthe Famo assembly plont In Poland. In Febroary 1943, Hitler ordered that the total production capactty ofthe Pz Kw II was to be diverted to Wespe assembly and that the Px Kw 38 (7) chasis wos tobe used asthe bass of self-propelled enti-tonk guns only. The reasoning behind this oppears tobe an attempt a standardisation bosed on the proved popularity f the Wempes in service. But above all it was the belief thatthe newly Introduced hollow charge ammunition for artillery weapons would in time suplant the conventional armour piercing anti-tonk shells. Wespe production continued throughout 1943 but was suspended due tothe war situation in mid-1944. By this time 682 vehicles hod beerbuilt and a further 158 were completed without the ‘900, a8 munition carriers. Wespes were employed most usualy with the divisional artilery f ponzer and panzer granadir divisions. They were organised in batteries of six, with two to five batteries in a battalion. The gun was the 18/2 model which could Fire 33 Ib. shell up to 14,500 yas. with a special charge and hod a normal range of 12,000 ya. ‘Maximum rate of Fire was 6-8 rounds pe minute, making the gun exactly comparchle to the U.S. Army's Priest (Bllona Series 3. No.9a). The superstructure wat of uhordened steel ond was proof against small am fre. (Hardened stel = of this period ~ was required fr tnk predvction) There wat an open top, for which @ canvas caver was provided in inclement weather. Engine postion was to the right, amidships, fd the gun war actully mounted on top ofthe engine compariment. In action the rear hinged plate wos let down in a horizontal position. ‘The drawing shows @ Flak Mg 34 in position, though this was not provided for in early vehicles. Also the, vehicle shown has 0 slightly lengthened Vehich wat not a Feature ofall Wespes, Munition orrirs had @ eurved plate eros, the gun aperture, but ware otherwie structurally, Technical Specification or 10.5 em [Link] 18/2 auf Pe. Kpfw Il (SA) Crew Amanent Weight, Conbot loaded: 2,5760 bs. 11.5 Lang Tos, 13 Short Tone, Mains Tx 10.5 om lo. FH 16/2 13 Tonnes. Calibre, and longi in ealibres: 10.5 cm (41/8 in) 1/28 Peformance Travers: 17 degrees right, 17 degrees left. Operation: Hond Speed Me. Road: 24.5 mph. 9 [Link]) Crom [Link].p.h. Elevation: port degree, mine 3 degre 09 Kmpch) Sseondoy Armament: Max, Gradient 29 dare. SHES O92 mn) Fagg es 274° cn), gZah 3: Om Trench ering: 57" (70.0 Shope Td" 2 em) Fein, ts ccs 2 ee, Range (internal fuel) Rood: 90 Miles (144 Ken) ‘Ammunition. secondary armament: 600 rds. of 7.92 mm Internol Fuel capacity: 37.5 Imp Gals; 45 U.S. Gols, 170 Litres: Armour “Type: Rolled homogenous plate, superstructure Hull, Nose upper: (G0 mim) ot 60 and 75 degrees Nose lower: (20 min) at 75 degrees Glass plate: (0 mm) ot 15 degrees Drivers plate (20 mn) ot 75 degree Sides, (15 mm) ot 90 degrees Rear,’ opper: (B men) at 90 degrees. owe (15 mn) ot 80 degrees. With: (20m) Decking: (0mm) at 0 degrees. Number of links por track 109. Ball Simm) ot 0 degrees, Type: Dry pin, steel shoe. Superstructure Machenieal Details = 0.475" (12 mm) ot 69 degrees. ‘Engine: 1x Maybach H L 62 TR 6 cyl: inline petrol 6.19 lites Sides: 0, 40" (10 mm) ot 73 degrees. developing 140 bhp at 2,600 rpm. Rear: 0. 20" (8mm) ot 74 degrees. Tronsmission: SSG/45 6 forward, T reverse Note: German standard angles; 0 = Horizontal, 0 = Vertical. Suspension: 5 quarter elliptic leat spring per side.M24 LIGHT TANK CHAFFEE _ poo c * ‘M 24 Light Tank (Chaffee) - 1944 Scale 1:76 (4mm. to 1 foot), Drawn by D.P. DyerBELLONA PRINTS Light Tonk M.24 ‘Chaffee’ SERIES 5 No. [Link]. Though clanified by the U.S. Amy ar@ light tank, the M.24 weighed at 40, SOD, very nearly at much asthe German Pe Kp It Bri ‘medium tonk, ond war in fact more comparable tothe ea Cruiser Tanks. As tonks during the second world war became more heavily ‘amed and amoured however, this inrecte wos to be expected. For t's weight the M.24 was carainy wall armed, mavating at did a spectally ‘signed 75mm tank gon which could fre the ome ammunition atthe earlier 75mm guns employed on the M.S(lae) and M.4(Shermon) medium tanks. The important point about this gun was that it weighed only half ot much as the earl ‘atsion yet had an exactly similar performance. This gun was bosicaly the 75mm aircraft cannon a Fitted inthe 'tenk-bustng! version of the Mitchell bomber It ho already been decided by 1942 thatthe 37mm armed light fonk was inadequate ond would need replacing. Various designs were ‘herefore considered. These included the T.21 light tank which wor r velopment war upammoured ot 2 pos ht tank T.7 under vehicle. The li ted due to it being heovier thon the spcified weight for thir close se replacement fr the M4 series of Macium ranks therefore becoming Unsuitable fr either role. It wor therefore not until April 1943 thot & design given the designtion T.24 was commenced. This new vehicle Utilized the torsion bar wpention from the M. 18 7émm G.M.C. (Bellona Prints Series 3) ond the twin Codie e nes, hydromatic tronsmision ond contolled differential from [Link], together with this later vehicles turret ring The pilot model was completed in October 1943, and tests were so promising that on order for 1000 wes placed. The firt production vehicle came off the assembly line in April 1944, cnd the following menth the vehicle wos sondorised as the M.24 Light Tonk. The few changes which were effected between the pilot mod tnd production vehicles mainly ofected the turret. These included the Ceddition ofa vision eupola forthe commander, a pistol por, relocation ofthe wireless ceria, and @ modified A/A gun mount. Production ofthe M.24 was by Cadillac Division of General Motors, ond Messey Hori, who between them produced 4,070 by June 1945 (One of the T.24 wos modified into the T.24 El by th Fitting of @ Radial aircraft engine os used on the M.18 G.M.C. and a longer barcelled 75mm gun Considered stisfoctory. muzzle broke. This design was not proceeded with in view of the end ofthe war being ight ond the M.24 being Due fo the war being very nearly aver by the time the M.24 reached the battlefront it did not play @ very important part inthe European theate of operations, Thay did however fake part in the ercasing ofthe Rhine and the final advance into Germany. Whilst M24 were ured In the Pacific campaign no outstanding actions were recorded. It isnot until 1950 and the Kereon War thatthe M.24 had any major bat At this time the M.24 wos the only tank stationed in Japan thot could be quickly shipped to Korea to ty and stam the advance of th Koreans. "As the North Koreans were equipped with she Russian T.38/85 it wos an unequal struggle, but they did manage to help delay the enemy Until Heavier tonkserrived With the replacement ofthe M.24 by the M.4l ‘Walker Bulldog" in U.S, Armoured Divisions from 1951 the M.24 wat sold fo numerous ‘counties under American Aid programmes. ‘The chotis of the M.24 wor used ot the boss for @ronge of self propel guns, these Being the M.19 Twin 4mm G.M.C.; M37 105mm H.M.C. ond M41 [55mm The name * Technicol Specification of LIGHT TANK M.24 CHAFFEE Crow: 5 ‘Weight, Combotlooded: 40,500 fbs.18.1 long tont,20.2 Short ton, 1718 Tonnes Performance. ‘Speed, Max. Road: 24 m.p.h. (55 Km.p.h.)erusing 25 m.p.h. (40 Km.) Max. Gradient: 30 degrees. (60%) Fording depth: 3°4" (102 em) Trench er 8.0" (244 em) Step: 310" (91 em) Min. Turing circle. 6°0" (14 metre) Ground pressure: I bs/[Link] (.77 Ka/[Link]) Range (intemal fuel) Rood: 100 Miles (161 Km) 3 ratio: (Gros) 12.2. HP/ton 1810" (549 cm) 199 em) 98" (295 em) le Mount (254 em) Ground clearance "6" (46 om) Fire height of gun 62" (188 em) Turret ving dios (144 em) I dia (overall) 214" (65 em) 810" (244 em) Length on ground 10'0" (205 em) with 4" (41 em) Pitch 5h" (dem) Numbor of links por track: 74/75 Type: Rubber Bushed single pin. ‘Mechanicel Details llac 44124 Petrol 90 degrees V.8 water cooled feech 110 bsh.p. of 3,400 rp. Tronamision: 2x Hydromatie 4 with 2F, TR Troneer cate Steering: Cletroc controlled Diffeentil. ‘Sompersion: Torsion Bor. ing 0 very efficient chats o large number of experimental vehicles were built utilising it, most of which were not even given T designations 1affee" is of Btls origin and refers to General Adano R. Choffee whois often called the father of the U.S. ormoured forces. ‘Armament Main Calibre, ond length in calibres: 75 mm’ (2.95 ine) 1/39 M8 Semi Automatic. Traverse: 240 degrees. Operation Hydraulic and Manual Elevotion: plus 15 degrees, minus 10 degrees Stobilised. Secondary semement: 2 x .30 col mgs [Link], ow and Co-axial Vix 50 cal H.8.M.G. M.2. on Ture Stoway “Fenton, main armament: 48 rd, Secondary emament: 440 rds. 5 eal. 3,750 ‘Beal 92 inp. gals. 110 USS. gale. 418 Lites, Inteenal Fuel capac Amour Type: Homogenous Welded 1" 5 me) ot 60 degrees 1" 5 mm) at 45 degrees. (25 mm) st 60 degrees. " (5 mn) ot I2 degrees. (09 mm) ot 12 dogreer- 2° (13 mm) ot O dogroos (13 mm) ot compound. (13 mm) ot 77 degrees. Belly, Front: 3 (13 mm) ot Hor Rot 97/8°(9 ra) ot Hor Turret/Superstructore, ceva ea 1 @5 rm) ot 22 degrees 1% (25 mm) of O degrees 3° (3 min) of Hor 14" 8 men)M4 Medium Tank with 105mm. Howitzer - 1944. Scale 1:76 (4mm. to 1 foot). Drawn by D.P. DyerBELLONA PRINTS SERIES 9, NU 18.0. Madiem tonk M4 (105mm Hew) ‘Although the British and American Armies never went into production with specialised axoult guns on the linet of the German and Russion vehicles of this type, voriout tanks hod howitzer fitted in place ofthe standard armament and were uted as close support vehicles, going forward with the leading Infantry in order to demolish pillboxes ond the like. The normal type of self propelled howitzer was not very stable For this articular role, due to the volnerbility of the open superstructure. Design studies 0 1 the feosability of mounting © 105mm Howitzer in the turret of the latest design of medium tank were reconimended towards the end of 1941 bore the M4 series of tanks started leaving the onenbly lines. The Aberdeen Proving Ground commenced work on this project in March 1942 ond produced two pilots, the M.4.€.5 on an M.4 chore and the M.4.A.€.1 on on M.4A,4, chasis, Tests with these proved the rnecesiy for increased turret ventilation to remeve fumes, and a second trret ventilator was therefore incorporated on production models. Whilst the pilots wore built on an M4 ond an M.4.A.4 chassis production of tanks armed with 105mm Howitzers only took place on the M4 ond the M.4.A.3. With the M4 (105mm Hew) production commenced in February 1944 after cessation of the Zmm armed M.4. By this time the one piece shorp noted differential hovsng and 47 degrees frontal armour wos sandard at also the oval loaders hatch in the turret. Later production of the ‘M4 (105mm How) hod @ vision cupola in place of the gun ring hatch over the Commanders postion. Final production vehicles were os opicted in the drawing with horizontal suspension and 23" centre guided tracks. Wile the Americans never differentiated in their nomenclature between M4 series tanks with vertical volute suspension end horizontal suspension the British cloned the M.4 (I0Smm How) with V.V.5. oF the Sherman |B ond the M.4 (105mm How) with H.V,S. as the Sherman | BY. (One of there later vehicle is preserved on the playing Fields ot Bovington Museum Production of all M.4 (105mm How) Medium Tanks took place at Detroit Tank Arsenal, 800 vith vertical volute suspension between February cond Septenber 1944, and 841 with horizontal wapension between September 1944 and March 195. The howitzer uilised on the Medium M.A and M.4.A.3 wat the 105mm Howitzer M.4 This had o calibre length of 25 and fired the rome ‘crmunition ond hod the same peformance as the U.S. standard 105mm Feld howitzer M.2.A.1.. It could Fire @ S3lb shell @ maximum distence of nearly seven mils. The rote of fire was four ounds in half @ minute, o¢ 100 rounds on hour prolonged Fire. Smoke shells were voilable, and {hollow chorge ont-tank shell wot developed which covld penetrate 4” homogenous armout at any range upto just under five miles. Muzzle ing H.E. was 1,550 ft per see, or Firing hollow charge shells 1,250 ft per sec. Whereas the turret of M4. series tonks was rotated hydraulically that mounted on 105 am How armed version was only manually, and the howitzer war not stbilised in elevation The M.4.A.3. (105 men How){ which differed from the MM. (105 mm How) only in the engine installed requiring @ modified rear deck) wos ‘also produced at Detroit Arsenal. Five hundred with V.V.S. were produced between May & September 1944, and 2,539 between September 1944 and June 1945 with H.V.5. In U.S. Medium Tonk Battalions M.4 series with 10Smm Howitzers were utd to replace the M.6 self propelled Howitzer 75mm at H.Q.. Company level. Technical Specification for MEDIUM TANK M.4 (105mm How) Coow: 5 bonament Weight, Combo loaded: 72,950 bs. Bir 1x Md Howitt M52 2253 Long Tow 34.7 Shor Tore Calibre, ond lang in caer 105mm 14 in), 1/25 31.8 Toot. rover 30 degrees. Opersons Monat Perfomance Elevation pl 35-degrees, minus 10 daprees Non Sibi Speeds Ma-Rood: —24mp.h. (9 Km-p-h.) Secondary manent Maw, Graton 30 degree, (40%) Bo Col mg M1919 AA Corba & Bow Fong doh 30! Bren, 1150 Cal mg H:8. M2, AVA, Trench crn 76 Gave ston ne 20" (lem) emortion, mln omament: 65 ns Min. Tring circle, 620" (9 mete) Secondary mamest 4,000 rds 20600 es 50" Grovnd press 10.7 [Link] (7 [Link]) Interel Pes capocty: 143 ing ge Rong Cntr fl), Rood 10 Mier (151 Km) 1720S. Gals. 651 Lt. Power to walght atic: (Net) 12.4 HP/Ton ‘Amour Dimensions ‘Cast Honagenos Stel Tart Tangih overall; 204" (620 em) PPP GalledVomapenovt Sea al Wah oval 10° (900 em) Hull, Nowe lowers Al Yo 2 (14/51 mm) ot 0-5 degrees Heig 11" Geen) we Glass pate: 24469 mn)” at 47 degrees ond cleornce: T'S" (18cm) Sides, vpper TH Gin) ot Odeprees Fire height cf guns 74)" (225 cm) Iover 145 G8 mn) oO degrees Tuner ring dior 59" (75cm) Reors oper 1h G8 mm) at JOdopees fed wheel difoverai) V8" (31 end iver ¥ Gam} at argo, fen nine Decti Bim Sacre nem) Engine covers: (9am) 6183 degrees fraen) Bally, Fonts G5 am) ct O dogrent ao fear {Yo (13 en) 01 dopoee {[Link]) Tarat Number of ins partook: 79 Front 3" ([Link]) ot 30 degrees Types Stel con single pin Type 1.68 Set 2 (lm) ot 5 degrees Mechanical Devil tec 2° (Slam) oO dopecs ‘gine CoiinantelRS75CA Nine Clindr Patrol Air Cooled Radiol oo: 1+ Sinn) ot 50 degrees 400 Net HP ot 2400 RP. Montes 26" Glam) Transmission: Synchrometh 5 FR Steering: Controlled Differential Suspension: Horizontal Velute SpringVolkswagen Leichte Personen Wagen Personenwagen 4-sitzer Pioniergeratewagen _ Schwimm Fahiger ‘Typ 82 mit Fla Mg 34 3-sitzer Typ 82 Gelandewagen Typ 166 Scale 1:76 (4mm. to 1 foot) Drawn by H.L, DoyleBELLONA PRINTS. SERIES 5, No. 199. Volkawagen_Leichte Pertonan Wagen In 1993 Hitler esked Dr. Ferdinand Porsche 1 nibmit designs for @ people's cor ~ the Volkswagen = which was tobe cheap enough and reliable enough tebe within the reach of the average family. His propesals were put forward in Jonuary 1934, the specification being basically thet Familie in the present day Volkswagen ‘Bestle'..Beiween 1935 ~ 38, several pilot models ond two pre-production series of 30 cars each were produced and tested. The finalised version was to hove a 996 ce. power unit and was to go into production os soon asa Factory was built. la 1938 work commenced on the Wolfsburg factory ond by 1940 over 250,000 people had paid in advance for thei cars, though none hed yet been made. The price at this time wos approximately 1,000 merks each. Following the cccupation of Czechoslovakia, Porsche was erdered to develop @ military version of the car. This involved much modification, specially to suspension and trensmission. Despite this the design was ready by December 1939. The VW type 82, as it wos known, was then sont Te the army for military proving. However, it wat not favourably received, the main eiticians being ofthe sit-cooled rear engine postion and the lack of foursheel drive, The Ministry of Armaments, however, sent some prototypes 10 Panzer units in Poland, ond tests here showed thot the earlier doubls ware unfounded, os the vehicle hod e perfermance es goed as ony four-wheel dive vehicle of simile si Prodtion was ordered to startin March 1940, but the Welfsburg factory was still not fully equipped, and body panels had to be brought in from ‘a fectory in Berlin. Production of the civilian ear was postponed until alitary requirements had been fulfilled; infact, car production did not commence until after the end of the war. During the campaign in Fronce, Rommel became the frst general fo use o WW and was stably impressed. Subsequently in Noth Afica as commander af the DAK, he made repeated pleas fora larger allocation of thete vehicles, which wore perfectly suited to desert conditions. But louder plees came from the vast steppes of Russi, where the army had at lost found @ car that could be used in the textreme conditions found on that Front. Due ts low weight (ftom apprex.) it Seldom got bogged down in mud; and when it tumed over it could be put back on its wheels by only No peopl Porsche next designed an amphibious model, type 16, expecially made forthe east front recce role. This vehicle uted nearly all the components of the type 82. Production commenced in 1942 and [4,267 vehicles were bull by the summer of 1944 when production wos abandoned dve to the ‘changing tectcal situation, The bath shaped body was of pressed steel, ond oll orifices were sealed by corugated rubber tubing. the vehicle ‘Could travel at 7 [Link], in water and to do this he J-bladad propeller wos lowered, 0 wprockel engaged the end ofthe crankshaft and, thence, the drive was by chain tothe propeller. The gearshift was set in neutral and the engine drove direct. Steering wos effected by the front wheels. Only 1121 ce. engines were vied inthis eres, though the lype 82 wos initially fitted with « 985 cc. unit. From 1943, however, it came Into Tine with the type 166 in thie expect. The VW type 82 war used by ol orme of the Wehrmacht ond 52,018 vnits were completed by the war's end. In the German amy I was used as 2 ecce caryes shown inthe drawing, armed with @ Flak Mg 34. ‘Other roles for this versatile car included tff ear, fuel covet, light ambulance ‘munition Carrer, and engineer vehicle. Ths latter variant is alto shown inthe crowing; the box corried repair or welding equipment, end was Fitted in the back seat. The adjacent access door was, however, relsined. Technical Specification for: [Link]. KI Gelonde, Le. Pho 1/20 ~ K2, ersonening. Typ &2 ‘Schwinmifehiger — ‘Galeaang. Bp 166 Crew: Sort 4 Weight, unladen. 1,470 tos 1,992 Ibs. Maximum lood 1080 tbs 958 (max permissible) 50 [Link]. (60 k.p-h.) 50 [Link]. (0 k.p-h.) Tm.p-h. (il kph.) 24 degrees 33 degrees. 250/280 Miles (400/450 km.) 83 gals (40 Litres) 1 gols (2x 25 lites) 33° (10 m) 29.5' 7m) 12'3" (374 Cr) 1274" (382.5 Cn) _ 5°94" (160 Cn) 4°108" (148 Gn) Heth (Hood Up) 55" (165 Cn) SHH" G61.5 Cn) Ground Clearance (Laden) 11" @7.5 Cm) 9" (4.5 Cm) Ground Clearance (Unleden) 115" (@9 Cn) 10)" (26.5 Gm) Wheel Track 48" Grant 195.6 Cm, rear 136.0 Ca.) Wheel Bose 7M" 240 Gn) 874" (200 Cn) Tyre Size 3.25 x 16 oF 5.00 16 F=5.25 x 16 x 200 x 12. R =690 x 200 Mechanical Detils gine: Suipension: 1. 985 cuc. 4 Cyl: Horizontally opposed sircooled petrol developing 24 b.h.p. of 3,000 r.p.m OR 1x 113i e. A Forward | Reverse 2 wheel eeive (ear) ‘developing 25 bs hp. ot 3000 F-porm. 4°51 crawler ger Forwerd. 1 Reverse 4 Wheel deve. 4 Whee! hand and foot brokes, mechanically operoted bvolre Troniverse Torsion bar.ABOVE: A Volkswagen type 82 belonging to the Luftwaffe Medical Corps. No spare wheel fitted and hood lowered. Note the small headlights that were standard on all German Softskinned vehicles from 1944. (U.S. Official Photo) BELOW: An early version of the standard Volkswagen light vehicle (Volkswagen Archive Photo)ABOVE: Type 166 Schwimmwagen version of the Volkswagen. This very versatile vehicle was the main equipment of light reconnaissance units in Russia. Served in large numbers with the Waffen SS units in this role. (Volkswagen Archive Photo ) BELOW: yThe'Wespé was a successful adaption of the obsolete chassis of the Pz. [Link] Ausf. F a self-propelled mountina for the standard field Howitzer. (Imperial War Museum Photo) Published by BELLONA Publications Lid. Hawthorn Hill. Bracknell. Berkshire. England Copyright 1965/68 Bellona Publications Lid & Merberlen Ltd.