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Rectangular Coordinate System - Lecture

1. A linear equation in two variables is an equation of the form ax + by = c, where a, b, and c are constants and at least one of a or b is not zero. This represents a line on the xy-plane. 2. For a given linear equation, there are multiple ordered pairs (x,y) that satisfy the equation. These ordered pairs lie on the same line. 3. The slope of the line represented by a linear equation can be calculated by taking the rise over the run between any two points that satisfy the equation. The slope provides information about the direction and steepness of the line.

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57 views4 pages

Rectangular Coordinate System - Lecture

1. A linear equation in two variables is an equation of the form ax + by = c, where a, b, and c are constants and at least one of a or b is not zero. This represents a line on the xy-plane. 2. For a given linear equation, there are multiple ordered pairs (x,y) that satisfy the equation. These ordered pairs lie on the same line. 3. The slope of the line represented by a linear equation can be calculated by taking the rise over the run between any two points that satisfy the equation. The slope provides information about the direction and steepness of the line.

Uploaded by

Rose Ann Sta. Ana
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Rectangular Coordinate System

Lesson

An equation in the form of ax + by = c is called a linear equation in two


variables, where a, b, and c are constants, and at least one of a and b are not
zero. This is also referred to as the standard form of linear equation. The symbols
x and y are variables that represents any number that will satisfy the equation.

The equation 2x +3y = 32 is an example of a linear equation in two


variables. This equation will only be true if we can find an ordered pair (x,y) that
will satisfy the equation.

Example: Which of the following ordered pairs will make the equation
2x + 3y = 32 true?
1, ( 4, 10)
2. (10, 4)

Solution: For the first ordered pair x = 4 and y = 10

Substitute: 2x + 3y = 32 2(4) + 3(10) = 32 8 + 30 = 32 38 = 32

Therefore the ordered pair (4,10) did not make the equation true.

Solution: For the second ordered pair x = 10 and y = 4

Substitute: 2x + 3x = 32 2(10) + 3(4) = 32 20 + 12 = 32 32 = 32

The ordered pair (10,4) satisfies the given equation. Hence (10,4) is
called the solution of the equation

In a given equation there are several ordered pairs that will satisfy the
equation and these ordered pairs will be contained in one line . Remember that
two points determine a line. Hence, we can graph the equation of the line by
having only two points, whose coordinates make the equation true.

Illustrative Example:
Find five solutions for the linear equation x +
y = 3, and plot the solutions as points on a
coordinate system. As you can see from the
table at the right the following ordered pairs
are solutions of the equation x + y = 3. (1, 2),
(2, 1), (3.0), (4, -1) and ( 5, -2).
The graph at the right is
Plot the points on one coordinate plane.
the graph of the equation x + y =
-1. The slope of the line can be
determined by the rise over the
run between the two points. m is
use to represent the slope of the
line.
m=

As you can see all the


From point (3, 4), the run is 6, however
points form a straight line.
since the direction is to the left, you use
-6. Negative is use for direction. The rise Using the graph , you can
is 6 units. determine the slope of the line.

The slope of a line is a


number that measures its
"steepness". It also characterized
the direction of the line. It is
determine by the rise over the run
between two points.
The slope is negative when the line falls to the right. When the line rises to the right
the slope id positive.

The graph of equation –2x + 3y = -5


is a line tha rises to the right. The
slope is

m=

Given only two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) without the graph, you can find

the slope of the line using the formula m =


Example. Find the slope of the line that passes through (-3, 2) and (3, -4)

Solution: x1 = -3, y1 = 2; x2 = 3 , y2 = -4
Linear Equation:
x x+ y = 3 y

1 1+y=3 2

2 2+y=3 1

3 3+y=3 0

4 4+y=3 -1

5 5+y=3 -2

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