IS : 2380 (Parts I to XXI) - 1977

(Reaffirmed 2003)
Edition 2.4
(1998-11)
Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
( First Revision )
(Incorporating Amendment Nos. 1, 2, 3 & 4)

UDC 674.815 : 691.115 — 413 : 620.1

© BIS 2003

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN , 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

Price Group 11
 IS : 2380 (Parts I to XXI) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
( First Revision )
Wood Products Sectional Committee, BDC 20
Chairman Representing
SHRI A. C. SEKHAR Forest Research Institute and Colleges (Timber
Mechanics Branch), Dehra Dun
Members
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR (SPECIFICA- Ministry of Railways
TION ), RDSO, LUCKNOW
SHRI J. BAIN Indian Tea Association, Calcutta
SHRI P. R. CHANDRASEKHAR Directorate General of Civil Aviation, New Delhi
SHRI L. N. DOKANIA Federation of Indian Plywood and Panel Industry,
New Delhi
SHRI M. R. MOTAYED ( Alternate )
DR JOSEPH GEORGE Indian Plywood Industries’ Research Institute,
Bangalore
DR V. J. V ICTOR ( Alternate )
SHRI M. A. ISLAM Forest Department, Government of Assam, Dispur
SHRI A. K. KADERKUTTY The Western India Plywood Ltd, Baliapatam
SHRI K. S. LAULY The South Indian Plywood Manufacturers’
Association, Calicut
SHRI THOMAS PAUL ( Alternate )
SHRI G. R. MAVINKURVA Forest Department, Government of Karnataka,
Bangalore
CHIEF CONSERVATOR OF FORESTS
(GEN) ( Alternate )
SHRI P. V. MEHTA Directorate General of Technical Development,
New Delhi
LT-COL S. A. MOHILE Ministry of Defence (R & D)
SHRI B. B. MEHTA ( Alternate )
SHRI M. R. MOTAYED Plywood Manufacturers’ Association of West Bengal,
Calcutta
SHRI S. K. DUTTA ( Alternate )
( Continued on page 2 )

© BIS 2003
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act (XIV of 1957) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the
publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.
IS : 2380 (Parts I to XXI) - 1977
( Continued from page 1 )
Members Representing
DR A. N. NAYER In personal capacity ( C-59 Inderpuri, New Delhi )
SHRI D. E. NEALE United Planters’ Association of Southern India,
Cochin
DR R. S. RATRA National Buildings Organization, New Delhi
SHRI P. R. RIJSINGHANI Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, Army Headquarters
MAJ M. G OSWAMI ( Alternate )
SHRI SHARAN SINGH Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals,
New Delhi
DR S. M. SINGH Central Building Research Institute (CSIR), Roorkee
SHRI A RJUN DAS ( Alternate )
SUPERINTENDING SURVEYOR OF Central Public Works Department, New Delhi
WORKS (II)
SHRI H. THOMSON Sitapur Plywood Manufacturers Ltd, Sitapur
SHRI G. W. M. WHITTLE ( Alternate )
SHRI D. V. VERMA Ministry of Defence (DGI)
SHRI N IRMAL SINGH ( Alternate )
SHRI D. A JITHA SIMHA, Director General, ISI ( Ex-officio Member )
Director (Civ Engg)
Secretary
SHRI J. R. MEHTA
Deputy Director (Civ Engg), ISI

Wood Products Testing Subcommittee, BDC 20 : 7

Convener
DR V. J. V ICTOR Indian Plywood Industries’ Research Institute,
Bangalore
Members
DR JOSEPH GEORGE ( Alternate to
Dr V. J. Victor )
ADDITIONAL DIRECTOR (TIMBER) Ministry of Railways (Railway Board)
JOINT DIRECTOR (WORKS) ( Alternate )
DIRECTOR (NAVAL CONSTRUCTION) Naval Headquarters
SENIOR OFFICER WARSHIP TEAM,
BOMBAY ( Alternate )
SENIOR OFFICER WARSHIP TEAM,
CALCUTTA ( Alternate )
SHRI BINOD KHAITAN Assam Railways and Trading Co Ltd, Margherita
DR R. N. KUMAR The Western India Plywood Ltd, Baliapatam
SHRI T. K. R AJAGOPAL ( Alternate )
SHRI R. V IJAY K UMAR Mysore Commercial Union Ltd, Bangalore
SHRI H. NARAYANAN ( Alternate )
SHRI K. S. LAULY The South Indian Plywood Manufacturers’
Association, Calicut
LT-COL S. A. MOHILE Ministry of Defence (R & D)
SHRI U. B. KANCHAN ( Alternate )
( Continued on page 66 )

2
 IS : 2380 (Parts I to XXI) - 1977

CONTENTS

PAGE
FOREWORD 5
IS : 2380 METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE BOARDS AND
BOARDS FROM OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS:
IS : 2380 (PART I)-1977 PREPARATION AND CONDITIONING OF
TEST SPECIMENS 7
IS : 2380 (PART II)-1977 ACCURACY OF DIMENSIONS OF
BOARDS 9
IS : 2380 (PART III)-1977 DETERMINATION OF M OISTURE
CONTENT AND DENSITY 11
IS : 2380 (PART IV)-1977 DETERMINATION OF STATIC
BENDING STRENGTH (M ODULUS OF
RUPTURE AND MODULUS OF
ELASTICITY IN BENDING) 13
IS : 2380 (PART V)-1977 DETERMINATION OF TENSILE
STRENGTH PERPENDICULAR TO
SURFACE 19
IS : 2380 (PART VI)-1977 DETERMINATION OF TENSILE
STRENGTH PARALLEL TO SURFACE 23
IS : 2380 (PART VII)-1977 DETERMINATION OF COMPRESSION
PERPENDICULAR TO PLANE OF THE
BOARD 27
IS : 2380 (PART VIII)-1977 COMPRESSION PARALLEL TO
SURFACE TEST 29
IS : 2380 (PART IX)-1977 DETERMINATION OF RESISTANCE TO
SHEAR IN PLANE OF THE BOARD 31
IS : 2380 (PART X)-1977 FALLING HAMMER IMPACT TEST 35
IS : 2380 (PART XI)-I977 SURFACE HARDNESS 39
IS : 2380 (PART XII)-1977 CENTRAL LOADING OF PLATE TEST 43
IS : 2380 (PART XIII)-I977 LONG TIME LOADING BENDING TEST 45
IS : 2380 (PART XIV)-1977 SCREW AND NAIL WITHDRAWAL TEST 47
IS : 2380 (PART XV)-1977 LATERAL NAIL RESISTANCE 49
IS : 2380 (PART XVI)-1977 DETERMINATION OF WATER
ABSORPTION 53

3
IS : 2380 (Parts I to XXI) - 1977

PAGE
IS : 2380 (PART XVII)-1977 DETERMINATION OF SWELLING IN
WATER 55
IS : 2380 (PART XVIII)-1977 DETERMINATION OF M ASS AND
DIMENSIONAL CHANGES C AUSED BY
MOISTURE C HANGES 59
IS : 2380 (PART XIX)-1977 DURABILITY C YCLIC TEST FOR
INTERIOR USE 61
IS : 2380 (PART XX)-1977 ACCELERATED WEATHERING CYCLIC
TEST FOR EXTERIOR USE 63
IS : 2380 (PART XXI)-1977 PLANENESS TEST UNDER UNIFORM
MOISTURE C ONTENT 65

4
 IS : 2380 (Parts I to XXI) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
( First Revision )

0. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Indian
Standards Institution on 16 August 1977, after the draft finalized by
the Wood Products Sectional Committee had been approved by the
Civil Engineering Division Council.
0.2 This standard has been formulated to specify methods of tests for
evaluating the important characteristics of boards composed of wood
particles or other lignocellulosic materials. However, it may not be
necessary to apply all the tests to any particular board for use in any
particular situation and it is, therefore, necessary to select those tests
which are appropriate to each end use of the board.
0.3 The number of test specimens required for each test is not specified
in this standard nor is any guidance given on sampling procedures.
The reason for this is that the tests given in this standard may be used
for research purposes as manufacturer’s control tests or as purchaser’s
acceptance tests. However, care should be exercised to use samples
which are representative of the material under consideration and a
record should be made of the sampling procedure adopted and the
number of tests made. Some types of boards have markedly different
properties in different directions. This is particularly true of extruded
boards but applies in varying degree to platen pressed boards. It may
then be necessary to carry out some of the tests on test specimens cut
from the board in two directions at right angles to one another.
0.4 This standard was first published in 1963. This is the first revision
of the standard. While revising the standard in light of the experience
gained over these years, it has been considered advisable, for the sake
of using these methods of tests and for keeping them up to date to
publish the various methods of tests applicable to wood particle boards
and boards from other lignocellulosic materials as separate parts of
IS : 2380.

5
IS : 2380 (Parts I to XXI) - 1977

0.5 In the formulation of this standard due weightage has been given
to international co-ordination among the standards and practices
prevailing in different countries in addition to relating it to the
practices in the field in this country.
0.6 This edition 2.4 incorporates Amendment No. 1 (September 1980),
Amendment No. 2 (May 1984), Amendment No. 3 (January 1993) and
Amendment No. 4 (November 1998). Side bar indicates modification of
the text as the result of incorporation of the amendments.
0.7 In reporting the results of a test or analysis made in accordance
with this standard, if the final value, observed or calculated, is to be
rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with IS : 2-1960*.

*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ).

6
 IS : 2380 (Part I) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART I PREPARATION AND CONDITIONING OF
TEST SPECIMENS

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part I) covers preparation and conditioning of test
specimens before subjecting them to tests covered in other parts.
2. PREPARATION AND CONDITIONING OF TEST
SPECIMENS
2.1 Size of Specimen — The required test specimens shall be cut to
the specified size ( see relevant methods of test). Each test piece shall
be with all edges cut square to the surface. The dimensions of
specimens, that is, length, width and thickness, shall be measured to
an accuracy of 0.02 mm provided the dimension measured is less than
or equal to 15 cm. In case the dimension is more than 15 cm, the
accuracy shall be to nearest 0.5 mm.
2.1.1 The required test specimens shall be cut to the specified size ( see
relevant methods of test) subject to a tolerance of ±2 mm on the length
and width, except where otherwise specified. Each test piece shall be
rectangular, with all edges cut square to the surface.
2.2 Conditioning — The test specimen shall be exposed to an
atmosphere maintained at a relative humidity of 65 ± 5 percent and a
temperature of 27 ± 2°C until their masses are constant.
2.2.1 Clause deleted
2.2.2 Clause deleted
2.3 Soaking for Specimens for Test — The specimens to be tested,
if required to be soaked, shall be sealed by coating with wax or other
suitable sealant material on all the four edges of the specimen and
shall then be submerged horizontally under 25 mm fresh clean water
maintained at a temperature of 27 ± 2°C for 24 hours before test and
shall be tested immediately after removal from the water. The test

7
IS : 2380 (Part I) - 1977

specimen shall be separated by at least 15 mm from each other and

from the bottom and sides of the container. When it is desired to obtain
the effect of complete saturation, the specimen may be soaked for such
longer period as may be necessary. The duration of soaking and the
amount of water absorbed shall be determined and recorded.
2.4 Recording — The method of conditioning adopted shall be
recorded in all cases.

8
 IS : 2380 (Part II) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART II ACCURACY OF DIMENSIONS OF BOARDS

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part II) covers the method of measuring the
dimensions of boards and the extent of accuracy of these dimensions.

2. STRAIGHTNESS
2.1 The straightness of the edges and ends of boards shall be verified
against a straightedge not less than the full length of the board. If the
edge or end of the board is convex, it shall be held against the
straightedge in such a way as to give approximately equal gaps at each
end. The largest gap between the straightedge and board edge shall be
measured to the nearest millimetre and recorded.

3. SQUARENESS
3.1 The squareness of boards shall be checked with a 120 × 120 cm
square, by applying one arm of the square to the board and measuring
to the nearest millimetre the gap between the other arm of the square
and the edge of the board. The maximum width of the gap shall be
recorded.

4. WIDTH
4.1 The width of boards shall be measured at each end, 25 mm from
the end, to an accuracy of 2 mm. Both measurements shall be
recorded. The average for each board shall be reported separately.

5. LENGTH
5.1 The length of boards shall be measured to an accuracy of 2 mm at
each edge of the board, 25 mm from the edge. Both measurements
shall be recorded. The average for each board shall be reported
separately.

9
IS : 2380 (Part II) - 1977

6. THICKNESS
6.1 The thickness of boards shall be measured along the edges of the
boards to an accuracy of ± 0.1 mm, measurements being taken 25 mm
from the edge. Each measurement, and the average of all
measurements for each board shall be recorded.
6.1.1 The contacting surfaces of the measuring instrument shall be flat
and shall have a diameter of at least 6 mm and care shall be taken
that the surfaces of the board are not deformed when the thickness is
measured.
7. DUBBING
7.1 The thickness at each corner of the board shall be measured to an
accuracy of 0.01 mm by centering a micrometer at two points A and B,
as indicated in Fig. 1. The difference in the thickness of the values at A
and B shall be reported as dubbing value for each corner.

FIG. 1 MEASUREMENT OF EDGE THICKNESS

10
 IS : 2380 (Part III) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART III DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE CONTENT
AND DENSITY

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part III) covers method of determination of
moisture content and density of boards.
2. MOISTURE CONTENT
2.1 Test Specimens — The specimens shall be of the full thickness of
the material and shall be 7.5 cm wide and 15 cm long. Smaller
specimens may be used when deemed necessary. When the moisture
content of test specimens of any other test is required, the same shall
be determined from a coupon cut as near the failure of the specimen,
as possible, and shall be of the maximum possible size available from
the same. When for any reason additional determinations of moisture
content are required, separate samples shall be prepared from the
same material as is used in preparing the test specimens. The test
shall be carried out immediately after cutting the specimen.
2.2 Procedure — Each specimen shall be weighed to an accuracy of
not less than ± 0.2 percent. The specimens shall then be dried in a
ventilated oven at a temperature of 103 ± 2°C until the mass is
constant to ± 0.2 percent between two successive weighings made at an
interval of not less than 1 hour.
2.3 Calculation and Report — The moisture content, expressed as a
percentage of the oven-dry mass, is given by the formula:
M1 – M0
Moisture content = ----------------------- × 100
M0
where
M1 = initial mass, and
M0 = oven-dry mass.

11
IS : 2380 (Part III) - 1977

2.4 The percentage moisture content of each test specimen and the
average for each board shall be reported.
3. DENSITY
3.1 Weighing and Measuring Whole Boards — The width, length
and thickness of each board shall be measured in the manner specified
in IS : 2380 (Part II)-1977*. The mass shall be determined to an
accuracy of ±0.2 percent.
3.2 Weighing and Measuring Test Specimens
3.2.1 Test Specimens — Where independent determinations of density
are to be made, test specimens of size specified under 2.1 shall be used.
Where density of the specimen used for the static bending test is to be
determined, the specimen used for the static bending test may be used
for the determination of density [see 3.4 of IS : 2380 (Part IV)-1977†].
NOTE — After the density determination, the test pieces may be kept for use in the
test for determining the modulus of rupture [see IS : 2380 (Part IV)-1977†].
3.2.2 Procedure — The dimension of each test specimen shall be
measured to an accuracy given in 2.1 of IS 2380 (Part I)-1977‡ and
each specimen shall be weighed to an accuracy of 0.2 percent.
3.3 Calculation and Report — The density of each board or test
specimen shall be calculated as follows and the moisture content
reported:
6
Mass of board or test specimen in g × 10 - kg ⁄ m
Density = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3
Length (mm) × Width (mm) × Mean thickness (mm)

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part II Accuracy of dimensions of boards ( first revision ).
†Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part IV Determination of static bending strength (modulus of rupture and
modulus of elasticity in bending) ( first revision ).
‡Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

12
 IS : 2380 (Part IV) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART IV DETERMINATION OF STATIC BENDING
STRENGTH (MODULUS OF RUPTURE AND MODULUS
OF ELASTICITY IN BENDING)

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part IV) covers method of determination of static
bending strength of boards.
NOTE — Static bending tests may be made both on specimens conditioned according
to 2.2 and soaked according to 2.3 of IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977*.

2. TEST SPECIMEN
2.1 Each test specimen shall be 75 mm in width if the nominal
thickness is greater than 6 mm, and 50 mm in width if the nominal
thickness is 6 mm or less. The thickness shall be the thickness of the
material. The length of each specimen shall be 50 + 24t mm ( see Note )
where t is the nominal thickness of the board in millimetres. The
width, length and thickness of each specimen shall be measured to the
accuracy given in 2.1 of IS 2380 (Part I)-1977*. One half of the test
specimens shall be prepared with the long dimension parallel and the
other half with the long dimension perpendicular to the long
dimension of the board in order to evaluate directional properties. The
specimen shall be weighed correct to ± 0.2 percent.
NOTE — Long span specimens are desired for tests in bending so that the effects of
deflections due to shear deformations will be minimized and the values of modulii of
elasticity obtained from the bending tests will approximate the true modulii of the
materials.

3. PROCEDURE
3.1 Span and Supports — The span (centre-to-centre distance
between supports) for each test shall be 24 times the nominal
thickness ( see Note 1 ).
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

13
IS : 2380 (Part IV) - 1977

The supports shall be such that no appreciable crushing of the

specimen will occur at these points during the test. The supports shall
either be rounded or shall be knife-edges provided with rollers and
plates under the specimen at these points. When rounded supports,
such as those shown in Fig. 1 are used, the specimen shall be simply
supported, the radius of the rounded portion shall be at least
one-and-a-half times the thickness of the material being tested. If the
material under test deviates from a plane ( see Note 2 ), laterally
adjustable supports shall be provided ( see Fig. 2 ).
NOTE 1 — Establishment of a span-depth ratio is required to allow an accurate
comparison of test values for materials of different thicknesses. It should be noted
that the span is based on the nominal thickness of the material and it is not intended
that the spans be changed for small variations in thickness.
NOTE 2 — The laterally adjustable supports may be necessary for the specimens tested
in the soaked condition because of warping or twisting that may occur due to soaking.

FIG. 1 BEND TEST ASSEMBLY

3.2 Loading — The specimens shall be loaded at the centre of the
span with the load applied to the finished face at a uniform rate
through a loading block rounded as shown in Fig. 1. The bearing blocks
shall be at least 75 mm in width and shall have a thickness (in a
direction parallel to the span) equal to twice the radius of curvature of
the rounded portion of the loading block. The radius of the rounded
portion shall be approximately equal to one-and-a-half times the
thickness of the specimen.

14
 IS : 2380 (Part IV) - 1977

FIG. 2 TYPICAL LATERALLY ADJUSTABLE SUPPORTS FOR STATIC

B ENDING TEST
3.2.1 Rate of Loading — The load shall be applied continuously
throughout the test at a uniform rate of motion of the movable crosshead
of the testing machine as calculated by the following formula ( see Note ):
2
ZL
N = -----------
6t
where
N = rate of motion of moving head in cm/min,
Z = unit rate of fibre strain of outer fibre length per minute
= 0.005,
L = span in cm, and
t = thickness of specimen in cm.
NOTE — The testing machine speed used shall be recorded on the data sheet. The
crosshead speed shall mean the free running or no-load crosshead speed for testing
machines of the mechanical drive type and the loaded crosshead speed for testing
machines of the hydraulic loading type.
3.3 Observations
3.3.1 The deflection of the centre of the specimen shall be measured by
measuring the deflection of the neutral axis or alternatively by
measuring the deflection of the bottom of the specimen with reference
to their respective initial positions. The deflection shall be measured by
means of a dial gauge placed suitably below the specimen or by means
of a telescope and scale fixed on the moving head of the testing machine.
Readings of deflection shall be taken to the accuracy of 0.1 mm.
15
IS : 2380 (Part IV) - 1977

Deflections shall be measured at convenient load intervals so that

there are at least six to eight points before reaching the proportional
limit, and thereafter the machine shall be kept in balance up to or
beyond the maximum load as the case may be and loads will be read at
suitable intervals of deflections. The test shall be carried until the
specimen completely fails or the deflection is three times the thickness.
3.3.2 Failure — The character of the failure shall also be observed.
3.4 Moisture Content and Density — After the test a moisture
coupon, 25 mm long and of the full width of specimen, shall be cut from
the body of the specimen. The moisture content and density of each
specimen shall be determined in accordance with IS : 2380
(Part III)-1977*.
4. CALCULATION AND REPORT
4.1 The readings of the deflections and the loads shall be recorded
( see 3.3.1 ) and a load-deflection curve shall be drawn. While drawing
a load-deflection curve, the straight line of proportionality at the
initial part of the curve shall be drawn in such a way that maximum
number of points lie on the straight line or nearest to it. No
consideration need be given to the initial two or three points. A typical
load-deflection curve is shown in Fig. 3.
4.1.1 When the straight line does not pass through the origin, a
parallel line shall be drawn through the origin and the deflection and
load at the limit of proportionality shall be measured on this line. The
points beyond the elastic limit and up to maximum load may be
connected by smooth curve but the points beyond the maximum load
shall be joined from point to point. Load and deflection at first failure
and maximum load shall also be noted.
4.2 Modulus of Rupture — The modulus of rupture shall be
calculated for each specimen by the following formula, and the values
reported. The average values for the lengthwise specimens and the
breadthwise specimens shall also be reported separately:
3PL
R = -------------
2
2bd
where
R= modulus of rupture in kgf/cm2,
P= maximum load in kgf,
L= length of span in cm,
b = width of specimen in cm, and
d = depth of specimen in cm.
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

16
 IS : 2380 (Part IV) - 1977

FIG. 3 TYPICAL LOAD-DEFLECTION CURVE FOR BEND TEST

4.3 Stress at Limit of Proportionality — The stress at limit of
proportionality shall be calculated for each specimen by the following
formula and the values reported. The average values for the
lengthwise specimens and breadthwise specimens shall also be
reported separately:
3P 1 L
Sp1 = --------------
2
2bd
where
Sp1 = stress at proportional limit in kgf/cm2;
P1 = load in kgf at the limit of proportionality, which shall be
taken as the point on the load-deflection curve at which the
graph deviates from straight line ( see Fig. 3 ); and
L, b and d have the same significance as in 4.2.
4.4 Modulus of Elasticity — The modulus of elasticity shall be
calculated for each specimen by the following formula and the values

17
IS : 2380 (Part IV) - 1977

reported. The average for the lengthwise specimens and the

breadthwise specimens shall also be reported separately;
3
P1 L
E = -------------------
-
3
4bd y 1
where
E = apparent modulus of elasticity in kgf/cm2,
y1 = central deflection at limit of proportionality load in cm, and
P1, L, b, and d have the same significance as in 4.2 and 4.3.
4.5 Work to Maximum Load — The work to maximum load shall be
calculated for each specimen by the following formula and the values
determined shall be included in the report. The average values for the
lengthwise specimens and the breadthwise specimens shall also be
reported separately :
CA
Wml = -----------
bdL
where
Wml = work to maximum load in [Link]/cm3;
C = area constant, that is, the energy represented by 1 cm 2
which is equal to load in kgf represented by 1 cm on the
ordinate multiplied by deflection in cm represented by 1 cm
on the abscissa;
A = area under load-deflection curve to maximum load in cm2;
and
b, d, and L have the same significance as in 4.2.
4.6 The moisture content and density of each specimen shall also be
reported.

18
 IS : 2380 (Part V) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART V DETERMINATION OF TENSILE STRENGTH
PERPENDICULAR TO SURFACE

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part V) cover method of determination of tensile
strength perpendicular to surface.
2. GENERAL
2.1 The test of tensile strength perpendicular to surface shall be made
on specimens conditioned according to 2.2 of IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977*.
3. TEST SPECIMEN
3.1 Each test specimen shall be 50 mm square and of the thickness of
the finished board. Loading blocks of steel or aluminium alloy 50 mm
square and 25 mm in thickness shall be bonded with a suitable
adhesive ( see Note ) to the 50 mm square faces of the specimen as
shown in Fig. 1 which gives details of the specimen and loading
fixtures. Cross-sectional dimensions of the specimen shall be measured
to the accuracy given in 2.1 of IS 2380 (Part I)-1977*.
NOTE — The adhesive shall be such that failure does not occur at or near the glue
line. Any suitable adhesive and the corresponding technique of application may be
employed for the blocks to be glued to the specimen. Steam refined pitch, PVA
adhesives and epoxy resins are some of the commonly used adhesives.

4. PROCEDURE
4.1 Loading fixtures, such as shown in Fig. 1, attached to the heads of
the testing machine, shall engage the blocks attached to the specimen.
The specimen shall be stressed by separation of the heads of the
testing machine until failure occurs. The direction of loading shall be
as nearly perpendicular to the faces of the board as possible and the
centre of load shall pass through the centre of the specimen.
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

19
IS : 2380 (Part V) - 1977

FIG. 1 DETAIL OF SPECIMEN AND TYPICAL LOADING FIXTURE

FOR TENSION TEST PERPENDICULAR TO SURFACE

20
 IS : 2380 (Part V) - 1977

4.1.1 Rate of Loading — The load shall be applied continuously

throughout the test at a uniform rate of motion of the movable
crosshead of the testing machine of 0.08 cm per centimetre of
thickness per minute.
4.1.2 Moisture Content — The moisture content of each test specimen
shall be determined as specified in IS : 2380 (Part III)-1977* on a
separate sample prepared from the same material.
5. TEST DATA AND REPORT
5.1 Maximum loads shall be determined from which the stress at
failure shall be calculated for each specimen. Strength values shall be
calculated in kgf/cm2 for which the measured dimensions of the
specimen shall be used. The location of the line of failure, the
individual and the average strength values shall be reported.

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

21
As in the Original Standard this Page is
Intentionally Left Blank
 IS : 2380 (Part VI) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART VI DETERMINATION OF TENSILE STRENGTH
PARALLEL TO SURFACE

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part VI) covers the method of determination of
tensile strength parallel to surface.
2. GENERAL
2.1 The test of tensile strength parallel to surface shall be made on
specimens both conditioned according to 2.2 of IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977*
and soaked according to 2.3 of IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977*. Tests shall be
made of specimens both with the long dimensions parallel and
perpendicular to the long dimension of the board to determine whether
or not the material has directional properties.
This test may be applied to material 25 mm or less in thickness. When
the material exceeds 25 mm in thickness, crushing at the grips during
test is likely to affect adversely the test values obtained. It is
recommended that for material greater than 25 mm in thickness, the
material be sawn to not less than 12 mm thickness and tested. Test
values obtained from specimens so sawn may be only approximate,
because strengths of material near the surface may vary from the
remainder. It is also recommended that both the portions obtained by
sawing be tested and the average obtained. With boards varying in
strength across their thickness such laterally sawn specimens would
not be of much value.
3. TEST SPECIMEN
3.1 Each test specimen shall be prepared as shown in Fig. 1. The
reduced section shall be cut with a hand saw, to the size shown. A
sharp saw shall be used to ensure a smooth surface in the
centre section. The thickness of the board and the minimum width of

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).
23
IS : 2380 (Part VI) - 1977

FIG. 1 DETAILS OF SPECIMEN FOR TENSION

TEST PARALLEL TO SURFACE

24
 IS : 2380 (Part VI) - 1977

the reduced section shall be measured to the accuracy given in 2.1 of

IS 2380 (Part I)-1977*. These two dimensions shall be used to determine
the net cross-sectional area for determining maximum stress.
4. PROCEDURE
4.1 Method of Loading — Self-aligning, self-tightening grips with
serrated gripping surfaces at least 50 mm in width and at least 50 mm
in length shall be used to transmit the load from the testing machine
to the specimen. A typical assembly for the tension test of specimens is
shown in Fig. 2.

FIG. 2 ASSEMBLY FOR TENSION TEST PARALLEL TO SURFACE

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

25
IS : 2380 (Part VI) - 1977

4.2 Rate of Loading — The load shall be applied continuously

throughout the test at a uniform rate of motion of the movable
crosshead of the testing machine of 4 mm per minute.
The maximum loads at which the specimens fail shall be noted.
4.3 Moisture Content — The moisture content of each test specimen
shall be determined by the method specified in IS : 2380
(Part III)-1977*.
5. TEST DATA AND REPORT
5.1 The stress at failure shall be calculated ( see also 3.1 ) from the
maximum loads for each specimen and reported. If the failure is within
10 mm of either grip, the test value shall be discarded. The report shall
also include maximum loads for each specimen, the average for the
lengthwise specimens and the breadthwise specimens separately, and
the location and description of the failures.

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

26
 IS : 2380 (Part VII) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART VII DETERMINATION OF COMPRESSION
PERPENDICULAR TO PLANE OF THE BOARD

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part VII) covers the method of determination of
compression perpendicular to the plane of the board.

2. TEST SPECIMEN
2.1 The test specimen shall be 50 × 50 × 50 mm. The specimen shall be
prepared by gluing two or more thickness of the board. Before testing,
all the test specimen shall be conditioned as specified in 2.2 of
IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977*. The size of the specimen shall be measured
correct to 0.1 mm and the mass shall be taken correct to 0.01 g. Test
may also be conducted in soaked condition, if required, and the soaking
shall be done as given in 2.3 of IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977*.

3. PROCEDURE
3.1 The test shall be carried out at room temperature on a suitable
testing machine. The specimen shall be placed horizontally on the
platform of the machine in flat position. The load shall be applied
vertically on the specimen through a bearing plate placed on the
specimen and covering the whole surface, at a constant rate of loading
of 0.6 mm per minute.
The deformation shall be measured correct to 0.01 mm by means of a
dial gauge placed suitably between the platform and the moving head
of the machine. Initially a load of 10 kg will be given on the specimen
and this shall be taken as zero position. Then the deformation shall be
taken at a regular load interval of 50 kg and the test is continued till a

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

27
IS : 2380 (Part VII) - 1977

load of 500 kg is reached. This load is maintained for 10 minutes. The

deformation shall be read after the lapse of 10 minutes and shall be
recorded as the value of compressibility. The load shall then be
released and the specimen shall be taken out of the machine. The
thickness shall again be measured. The difference between the original
thickness and the thickness of the compressed specimen shall be
recorded as the value of retention of compression.
3.2 Moisture Content — The moisture content shall be determined
by the method specified in IS : 2380 (Part III)-1977*.

4. REPORT
4.1 The average value of compressibility and retention of compression,
expressed as the percentage of the original thickness of the specimen
shall be reported for each type of the board alongwith the moisture
content.

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

28
 IS : 2380 (Part VIII) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART VIII COMPRESSION PARALLEL TO SURFACE TEST

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard (Part VIII) covers method of determination of

compression parallel to surface test.

[Link] SPECIMEN
2.1 The test specimen shall be 2.5 × 2.5 × 10 cm. If the thickness of the
board is less than 2.5 cm, two or more thicknesses of the board shall be
laminated by some epoxy resin as to give the thickness about 2.5 cm.
While laminating, care shall be taken that the pressure should not be
so high as to give any appreciable compression in the board. A
pressure below 3.5 kgf/cm2 is recommended. The specimen from the
laminated board may be cut at least after 8 hours’ curing of the resin
at room temperature. The specimen shall be conditioned as specified
in 2.2 of IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977*. The cross-section and the length
shall be measured to an accuracy of 0.1 mm and mass shall be taken to
an accuracy of 0.01 g. If the specimen is required to be tested under
soaked condition it shall be submerged in water according to 2.3 of
IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977*. It may be noted that the length of few
specimens shall be taken parallel to the long dimension and few
perpendicular to long dimensions of the board to determine whether
the material has any directional properties.

3. PROCEDURE
3.1 The specimen shall be compressed vertically in the direction of
length (10 cm) by means of a spherical and self-aligning type loading
block in a universal testing machine at a uniform rate of strain of

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part I Properties and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

29
IS : 2380 (Part VIII) - 1977

0.6 mm/min till a failure in the specimen is indicated. If load

deformation readings are required the deformation shall be read
correct to 0.002 mm by means of Lamb’s Roller Compressometer or
equally accurate instrument at equal increments of load. Increments of
load shall be chosen so that about 12 to 15 readings may be obtained
before elastic limit. Compressometer shall be attached at the central
portion of the length and the gauge points shall be at least 2.5 cm from
the ends of the specimens.
From the load-deformation curve maximum load, and load and
deformation at elastic limit shall be recorded.

4. REPORT

4.1 Maximum compressive stress, crushing stress at elastic limit and

modulus of elasticity shall be calculated and reported alongwith the
moisture percent and density determined according to relevant clause
of IS : 2380 (Part III)-1977*. The type of the failure shall also be
described.

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

30
 IS : 2380 (Part IX) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART IX DETERMINATION OF RESISTANCE TO
SHEAR IN PLANE OF THE BOARD

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part IX) covers methods of determination of
resistance to shear in the plane of the board.

2. GENERAL
2.1 Shear strength tests shall be made on specimens prepared by
laminating each specimen so that the plane of the shear failure will be
in the board proper and not in the glue lines.

3. TEST SPECIMEN
3.1 The test specimen shall be measured and conditioned as specified
in 2.2 of IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977*. Each test specimen shall be of size
50 × 60 mm and of full thickness of board. In case where it is necessary
to increase the thickness of the specimen to facilitate its fixing in the
jig, the same shall be done by gluing required number of boards
together provided actual plane of shear is well within the material.
Test specimen shall be as shown in Fig. 1. The actual area of shear
surface shall be measured; each individual dimension shall be
measured to an accuracy of 0.1 mm.

4. PROCEDURE
4.1 The test shall be carried on a suitable testing machine with the
help of a special shear tool in cage. The tool provides 3 mm offset
between the inner edge of the supporting surface and the plane along
which failure occurs. The general arrangement of the testing machine
is shown in Fig. 2.
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

31
IS : 2380 (Part IX) - 1977

FIG. 1 SHEAR PARALLEL TO SURFACE TEST SPECIMEN

The load shall be applied to the specimen along the direction indicated
by the large arrow in Fig. 1. Care shall be taken in placing the
specimen in the shear tool to see that the cross bar is adjusted so that
the edges of the specimen are vertical and the end rests evenly on the
support throughout the contact area. The maximum load only shall be
observed.
4.2 Rate of Loading — The load shall be applied continuously
throughout the test at a rate of motion of the movable crosshead of
0.6 mm per minute.
4.3 Moisture Content — The moisture content of each specimen
shall be determined by the method specified in IS : 2380
(Part III)-1977*. The portion of the specimen that is sheared shall be
used for this determination.
5. REPORT
5.1 The character and type of failure shall be recorded. In all cases
where the failure at the base of the specimen extends back on to the
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

32
33

IS : 2380 (Part IX) - 1977

FIG. 2 TESTING ARRANGEMENT FOR SHEAR P ARALLEL TO GRAIN
IS : 2380 (Part IX) - 1977

supporting surface, the test shall be rejected. The failing load of each
test piece shall be recorded in kilograms. The shear strength in
kgf/cm2 shall be calculated by dividing the failing load by the
measured cross-sectional area (in Fig. 1 the shearing area is
50 × 50 mm). The average shear strength of each board of which the
specimens form part shall also be reported.
5.2 If the gluing property of multilayer boards is required the test
specimen shall be prepared such that the corner shall extend to but not
beyond the glue line and the test shall be so conducted that one of the
glue lines shall be in the plane of shear.

34
 IS : 2380 (Part X) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART X FALLING HAMMER IMPACT TEST

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part X) covers falling hammer impact test of
boards.
2. TEST SPECIMEN
2.1 Test specimen shall be 35 × 35 cm and shall be of thickness of the
board. Each specimen shall be conditioned as specified in 2.2 of
IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977* and the thickness shall be measured to the
second decimal place of centimetre.
3. PROCEDURE
3.1 The test specimen shall be clamped firmly between 2 frames made
of 2 cm thick and 5 cm wide hardwood strips by 8 bolts of 1 cm
diameter placed at equal distances from the corner ( see Fig. 1 ). This
frame containing the specimen shall be held rigidly on 4 pillars at its
corners. It may be noted that the internal area of the test specimen
shall be 25 × 25 cm. A block having a mild steel hemispherical end
with a radius of 25 mm shall be arranged to fall freely on the centre of
the specimen by suitable means ( see Fig. 2 ).
The mass of the block together with any associated falling part shall be
1.2 or 4 kg whichever is more suited to the strength and thickness of
the board to be tested. The block shall be allowed to fall first from a
height of 25 mm measured from the upper surface of the specimen and
then from successive heights rising in increments of 25 mm until final
failure of the specimen occurs.
The failure of the specimen may take the form of a puncture or a
visible fracture at the bottom of the specimen.

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

35
IS : 2380 (Part X) - 1977

3.2 Moisture Content — The moisture content shall be determined

by the method specified in IS : 2380 (Part III)-1977*.
4. OBSERVATION AND REPORT
4.1 Height of drop causing the final failure in the specimen shall be
recorded. The average height of drop for a particular type and
thickness of the board shall be reported alongwith the mass of the
hammer and the moisture content.

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

36
 IS : 2380 (Part X) - 1977

FIG. 1 FRAME FOR HOLDING THE SPECIMEN

37
IS : 2380 (Part X) - 1977

FIG. 2 TYPICAL A PPARATUS FOR FALLING HAMMER

IMPACT TEST

38
 IS : 2380 (Part XI) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART XI SURFACE HARDNESS

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part XI) covers method of determination of
hardness of boards.
2. JANKA BALL TEST METHOD (INDENTATION TEST)
2.1 Test Specimen — Each specimen shall be nominally 7.5 cm in
width and 15 cm in length and at least 25 mm thick. If necessary, the
specimen for test shall be made by bonding together several layers of
the particle board to make the required thickness. A rubber cement or
other suitable flexible adhesive shall be used. The initial specimen
shall be trimmed after bonding so that edges are smooth. The
dimensions of the specimen shall be measured to the accuracy given
in 2.1 of IS 2380 (Part I)-1977*.
2.2 Procedure — A steel indentor with a hemispherical end 11.3
±0.05 mm in diameter (1 cm2 projected area) shall be used for
determining hardness. The indenting ball shall be advanced till it has
penetrated to one-half of its diameter into the specimen. The load
required shall be recorded.
2.2.1 Number of Penetrations — Two penetrations shall be made on
each of the two flat faces of the particle board. The locations of the
points of penetration shall be at least 25 mm from the edges and the
ends of the specimen and far apart from each other so that one
penetration will not affect another.
2.2.2 Speed of Test — The load shall be applied continuously
throughout the test at a uniform rate of motion of the movable cross
head of the testing machine of 6 mm per minute.
2.2.3 Moisture Content — The moisture content of the test specimen shall
be determined by the method described in IS : 2380 (Part III)-1977†.
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).
†Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

39
IS : 2380 (Part XI) - 1977

2.3 Report — The average maximum load required to embed the ball
to one-half of its diameter shall be reported for each face separately.
The moisture content shall also be reported.
3. STEEL BALL METHOD TEST (ALTERNATE TEST)
3.1 Test Specimen — Each specimen shall be nominally 7.5 cm in
width, 15 cm in length and at least 25 mm thick. The specimen may be
made by bonding together several layers of the particle board to make
the required thickness. A rubber cement or other suitable flexible
adhesive shall be used. The finished specimen shall be trimmed after
bonding so that edges are smooth. The dimensions of the specimen shall
be measured to the accuracy given in 2.1 of IS 2380 (Part I)- 1977*.
3.2 Procedure — A steel ball 30 mm in diameter shall be used for
determining hardness. The test specimen shall be placed on the flat
bed of a testing machine and the steel ball pressed into the upper face
of the specimen at a load related to the type of particle board as
indicated by the density, as follows:
Load, kgf Specific Gravity of
Particle Board
200 Above 0.90
100 Greater than 0.40 and up to and
including 0.90
50 Greater than 0.25 and up to and
including 0.40
25 0.25 and below
The width of the impression remaining on the specimen after removal
of the steel ball shall be measured on two mutually perpendicular
diameters to an accuracy of at least 1 percent and the average of the
two measurements calculated. Measurement may often be facilitated
by coating the steel ball with carbon or by placing a carbon paper
between the steel ball and the specimen. Rubbing the test area with a
chalk (of contrasting colour) sufficiently long to span the impression
will also facilitate measurement.
NOTE — This method of test gives a measure of the residual indentation remaining
after removal of the penetrating ball rather than the actual deformation under load.
For certain extremely dense boards, it may be necessary to apply loads greater than
those specified. The actual load used shall be indicated in the report. Certain board
surfaces may fail by an irregular breaking, making it impossible to obtain an
accurate measurement of the width of the impression. For such materials, the
maximum diameter of the disturbed area shall be reported.
3.2.1 Number of Penetrations — Two penetrations shall be made on
each of the two flat faces of the particle board. The locations of the
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

40
 IS : 2380 (Part XI) - 1977

points of penetration shall be at least 25 mm from the edges and ends

of the specimen and far enough apart so that one penetration will not
affect another.
3.2.2 Speed of Testing — The load shall be applied continuously
throughout the test at a uniform rate of motion of the movable
crosshead of the testing machine of 6 mm per minute.
3.2.3 Moisture Content — The moisture content of the test specimen
shall also be determined.
3.3 Test Data and Report — The average diameter of the impression
remaining on the specimen after removal of the ball shall be a measure
of the hardness of the specimen and shall be included in the report.
The actual load selected to imbed the ball and the moisture content of
the specimen shall be reported.
4. MONNIN TEST METHOD (ALTERNATE TEST)
4.1 Test Specimen — Each specimen shall be nominally 2 cm in
width, 15 cm in length and at least 25 mm thick. The specimen for test
may be made by bonding together several layers of board to make the
required thickness. A rubber cement or other suitable flexible adhesive
shall be used. The finished specimen shall be trimmed after bonding so
that edges are smooth. The dimensions of the specimen shall be
measured to the accuracy given in 2.1 of IS 2380 (Part I)-1977*.
4.2 Procedure — A steel loading head having a right cylindrical
loading surface with a radius of 30 mm and a length of 30 mm shall be
used for determining hardness. The test specimen shall be placed on the
flat bed of a testing machine with the long dimension of the specimen at
right angles to the cylindrical axis of the loading head. The steel cylinder
shall be pressed into the top face of the specimen at a load related to the
type of particle board as indicated by the density as follows:
Load, kgf Specific Gravity of
Particle Board
200 Above 0.90
100 Greater than 0.40 and up to and
including 0.90
50 Greater than 0.25 and up to and
including 0.40
25 0.25 and below
The width of the indentation remaining on the test specimen after
removal of the steel cylinder shall be measured to an accuracy of 1
percent at two points across the width of the specimen and the results
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

41
IS : 2380 (Part XI) - 1977

averaged. Measurements may often be facilitated by coating the

cylindrical face with carbon or by placing a carbon paper between the
steel ball and the specimen. Rubbing the test area with a chalk (of
contrasting colour) sufficiently long to span the impression will also
often facilitate measurement.
NOTE — This method of test gives a measure of the residual indentation remaining
after removal of the penetrating tool rather than the actual deformation under load.
For certain extremely dense boards, it may be necessary to apply loads greater than
those specified. The actual load used shall be indicated in the report. Certain board
surfaces may fail at the tool edges by an irregular breaking, making it impossible to
obtain an accurate measurement of the width of impression. For such materials, the
actual depth of the penetration below the surrounding surface shall be measured by
means of a suitable gauge.
4.2.1 Number of Penetrations — Two penetrations shall be made on
each of the two flat faces. The locations of the points of penetration
shall be at least 25 mm from the ends of the specimen and far enough
apart so that one penetration will not affect another.
4.2.2 Speed of Testing — The load shall be applied continuously
throughout the test at uniform rate of motion of the movable crosshead
of the testing machine of 6 mm per minute.
4.2.3 Moisture Content — The moisture content of the test specimen
shall also be determined.
4.3 Test Data and Report — The hardness of the board shall be
computed by the following formula:
2
2 w
d=R– R – -------
4
where
d = depth of indentation in mm;
R = radius of loading cylinder in mm, and
w = average width of indentation in mm.
The reciprocal of the depth of indentation d shall be reported as the
hardness of the specimen. The actual load selected to imbed the ball
and the moisture content shall also be reported.

42
 IS : 2380 (Part XII) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART XII CENTRAL LOADING OF PLATE TEST

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard (Part XII) covers central loading of plate test.

2. TEST SPECIMEN
2.1 The test specimen shall be 35 cm square plate. This size shall be
for the boards whose thickness shall be between 0.5 cm to 3 cm. The
thickness of the specimen shall be the thickness of the board. Each
specimen shall be conditioned as specified in 2 of IS : 2380
(Part I)-1977*. The side ( a ) and the thickness ( h ) of the specimen
shall be measured to an accuracy up to 0.1 mm. The mass shall be
determined to an accuracy of 0.01 g.

3. PROCEDURE
3.1 The specimen shall be simply supported on a square rig having
smooth cylindrical edges on the top. The centre to centre distance
between the opposite edges of the rig shall be 30 cm. The load shall be
applied vertically at the centre on top of the specimen by means of a
hemispherical hardwood block of about 10 cm diameter. Load shall be
applied continuously and uniformly at a rate of 3 mm per minute.
The deflection at the centre of the specimen shall be taken to the
nearest 0.02 cm at suitable equal increments of load by means of a
telescope and a scale fixed at the moving head of the machine. The test
shall be carried until maximum load is reached and failure is
indicated. The deflection shall be plotted against load and maximum
load ( P’ ), load ( P ) and deflection ( d ) at elastic limit be recorded.

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

43
IS : 2380 (Part XII) - 1977

3.2 Moisture Content — The moisture content shall be determined

by the method as specified in IS : 2380 (Part III)-1977*.

4. REPORT
 Pa 2
4.1 The average maximum load and stiffness factor  ---------3- shall be
 dh 
reported for a particular type and thickness of the board alongwith
moisture content.

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

44
 IS : 2380 (Part XIII) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART XIII LONG TIME LOADING BENDING TEST

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part XIII) covers long time loading under bending
test.
2. TEST SPECIMEN
2.1 The specimen shall be rectangular and its thickness shall be the
thickness of the board. The width shall be 5 cm for the boards having
thickness 6 mm or less and 7.5 cm for boards having thickness more
than 6 mm. The length shall be 24 times the thickness plus 5 cm. The
test specimen shall be conditioned as specified in 2.2 of IS : 2380
(Part I)-1977*. The length, width and thickness of the specimen shall
be measured to an accuracy of 0.1 mm and mass shall be determined to
an accuracy of 0.01 g.
3. PROCEDURE
3.1 The specimen shall be simply supported on two horizontal parallel
rollers having a radius of about 1 cm spaced at a distance centre to
centre of 24 times the thickness of the specimen. At the centre of the
span and along a line parallel to the end, a compressed wood roller of
radius about 1 cm carrying a stirrup shall be placed. The total load of
the roller and stirrup shall not be more than 250 g. The position
assumed under this initial load after a period of half a minute shall be
treated as zero condition.
An additional load equal to 30 percent of maximum load calculated
according to relevant clauses in IS : 2380 (Part IV)-1977† on a similar
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).
†Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part IV Determination of static bending strength (modulus of rupture and
modulus of elasticity in bending) ( first revision ).

45
IS : 2380 (Part XIII) - 1977

type of specimen, shall then be suspended from the stirrup directly or

through some lever arrangement and the deflection attained in 24
hours (and at intermediate period if so required) shall be read to an
accuracy of 0.1 mm. The load shall then be removed and after the lapse
of a further period of 24 hours the residual deflection shall also be
noted.
4. REPORT
4.1 The deflection after 24 hours under load and the residual deflection
24 hours after the removal of load shall be reported.

46
 IS : 2380 (Part XIV) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART XIV SCREW AND NAIL WITHDRAWAL TEST

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part XIV) covers screws and nails withdrawal test.
2. TEST SPECIMEN
2.1 The length and width of the test specimen shall be 150 mm and
75 mm respectively. The thickness shall not be less than 30 mm. If the
thickness of the board is less than 30 mm, two or more thicknesses of
the board may be bonded together with suitable adhesive or clamped.
2.1.1 Two wood screws No. 8 and 50 mm length shall be threaded into
the specimen at right angle to the face up to half of their length in a
prebore of 2.5 mm. The holes should be preferably at midwidth at
about 5 cm from the ends of the specimen. If the screw holding
capacity of the edge of the specimen is required, the screw shall be
threaded in a similar way on the edge. Care shall be taken that sample
may not split during driving of the screws in the specimen.
In the nail withdrawal resistance test, two nails of 50 mm long and
2.5 mm shank shall be driven in the specimen in the similar way as
screw, but without any prebore. Nails shall be bright, galvanized,
diamond pointed and shall have plane heads.
2.1.2 Each screw or nail shall be used only once.
3. PROCEDURE
3.1 The assembly for the screw or nail withdrawal test is shown in
Fig. 1. The specimen holding fixture shall be attached to the lower
platen of the testing machine. The specimen shall be inserted in the
fixture with the head of the screw or nail up. The load applying fixture
which is equipped with a slot for easy engagement of the head of the
screw or nail shall be attached to the upper platen of the testing
machine.

47
IS : 2380 (Part XIV) - 1977

FIG. 1 TEST ASSEMBLY FOR MEASURING THE RESISTANCE OF

SCREW AND NAILS TO DIRECT WITHDRAWAL
3.2 Rate of Loading — Load shall be applied to the specimen
throughout the test by a uniform motion of the movable head of the
testing machine at a rate of 1.5 mm per minute.

4. MOISTURE CONTENT
4.1 After the test, a section 50 mm long and of the full width of the
specimen shall be cut from the body of the specimen for moisture
content determination in accordance with 2 of IS : 2380
(Part III)-1977*.

5. TEST DATA AND REPORT

5.1 The maximum load required to withdraw the screw or nail shall be
the measure of resistance of the material to direct withdrawal of screw
or nail and shall be included in the report. The moisture content shall
also be reported.
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

48
 IS : 2380 (Part XV) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART XV LATERAL NAIL RESISTANCE

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part XV) covers method of test of lateral nail
resistance.

2. TEST SPECIMEN
2.1 Each specimen shall be 7.5 cm in width and of convenient length
and shall have a nail 2.80 mm in diameter driven at right angles to the
face of the board so that about an equal length of nail projects from
each face. The nail shall be centered on the width and located 6, 12 or
18 mm from one end.
2.1.1 One-half of the specimens shall be selected and positioned in test
so that the movement of the nail will be parallel and one-half so that
the movement of the nail will be perpendicular to the long dimensions
of the board for evaluation of directional properties.
2.1.2 The test may be conducted either in the dry or soaked condition.
When the tests are made in the dry state, withdrawal shall be made
immediately after the nails have been driven. Specimens to be tested
in the soaked condition shall be prepared in accordance with 2.3 of
IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977* and the nails shall be driven before the
specimens are soaked.

3. PROCEDURE
3.1 Method of Loading — The end of the specimen opposite to the
end with the nail shall be clamped in a position parallel to the
movement of the testing machine head. Grips, which are suitable for
tension tests parallel to the plane of the board are suitable. The nail is

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

49
IS : 2380 (Part XV) - 1977

engaged by the stirrup which is in turn connected to one platen of the

testing machine by a rod. A typical test assembly for measuring the
resistance of a nail in the lateral direction is shown in Fig. 1. The
stirrup and connections are detailed in Fig. 2.

FIG. 1 TEST A SSEMBLY FOR M EASURING LATERAL RESISTANCE TO NAILS

3.2 Speed of Testing — The specimen shall be loaded continuously
throughout the test by separation of the heads of the testing machine
at a uniform rate of crosshead speed of 6 mm per minute.
3.3 Moisture Content — The moisture content of the test specimen
shall be determined as described in IS : 2380 (Part III)-1977*.
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

50
51

IS : 2380 (Part XV) - 1977

FIG. 2 DETAILS OF STIRRUPS AND CONNECTIONS FOR MEASURING THE LATERAL RESISTANCE TO NAILS
IS : 2380 (Part XV) - 1977

4. TEST DATA AND REPORT

4.1 The load required to move the nail to the edge of the specimen
shall be the measure of the lateral resistance. The maximum load and
the nature of failure and the moisture content shall be included in the
report.
NOTE — In some cases of the test, the nail may bend and pull out of the stirrup. If
this happens, the maximum load will be apparent and not the true resistance of the
board and will indicate that the resistance is some figure higher than the apparent
value. When this happens, it shall be reported.
Values obtained from this test are dependent on the thickness of the
specimen. Values, however, are not directly proportional to the
thickness. For this reason, values obtained from tests of different
boards can only be compared exactly, if the thicknesses are equal.

52
 IS : 2380 (Part XVI) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART XVI DETERMINATION OF WATER ABSORPTION

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part XVI) covers method of determination of water
absorption of boards.

2. TEST SPECIMEN
2.1 Each test specimen shall be 30 × 30 cm and shall be prepared and
conditioned as specified in 2.2 of IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977*. All the four
edges shall be smoothly and squarely trimmed.

3. PROCEDURE
3.1 Mass and Volume of Test Specimen — After conditioning, the
specimen shall be weighed to an accuracy of not less than ±0.2 percent
and the width, length and thickness shall be measured to an accuracy
of not less than ±0.3 percent. The volume of the specimen shall be
computed from these measurements.
3.2 Submersion in Water — The specimen shall be submerged
horizontally under 25 mm fresh clean water maintained at a
temperature of 27 ± 2°C, the water being renewed for each test. The
test specimen shall be separated by at least 15 mm from each other
and from the bottom and sides of the container. After a 2-hour
submersion, the specimen shall be suspended to drain for 10 minutes,
at the end of which time the excess surface water shall be removed and
the specimen immediately weighed. The specimen shall then be
submerged for an additional period of 22 hours and the above weighing
procedure repeated.
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

53
IS : 2380 (Part XVI) - 1977

3.3 Moisture Content — After submersion, the specimen shall be

dried in an oven at 103 ± 2°C as in 2.2 of IS : 2380 (Part III)-1977* and
the moisture content (based on oven-dry mass) calculated from the
masses after conditioning and after 2- and 24-hour submersions.
3.4 Density — The density of the specimen shall also be determined
by the method specified in 3 of IS : 2380 (Part III)-1977*.

4. CALCULATION AND REPORT

4.1 The amount of water absorbed shall be calculated from the
increase in mass of the specimen during the submersion, and the
water aborption shall be expressed as the percentage of mass based on
the mass, after conditioning. The specific gravity of water shall be
assumed to be 1.00 for this purpose. The density of the specimen shall
also be reported.

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

54
 IS : 2380 (Part XVII) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART XVII DETERMINATION OF SWELLING IN WATER

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part XVII) covers method of determination of
swelling in water of boards.
2. SWELLING DUE TO GENERAL ABSORPTION
2.1 Test Specimen — The test specimens shall be prepared and
conditioned as specified in 2.2 of IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977*. Each test
specimen shall be 200 × 100 mm and shall be of the thickness of the
board.
2.2 Procedure — The thickness at the edge of each test specimen
shall be measured to an accuracy of 0.01 mm at three places along one
long edge approximately 50 mm, 100 mm and 150 mm from one end.
The points at which the thicknesses are measured shall be clearly and
indelibly marked. The same long edge of the test specimens shall be
placed in the jig shown in Fig. 1 and the dial reading shall be recorded.
2.2.1 Each test specimen shall be submerged under 25 mm fresh clean
water maintained at a temperature of 27 ± 2°C, the water being
renewed for each test. The short edges of the test specimens shall be
vertical with the measured edges lower most, and the test specimen
shall be separated by at least 15 mm from each other and from the
bottom and sides of the container.
2.2.2 At the end of 2 hours or additional period of 22 hours, each test
specimen shall be withdrawn from the water, wiped with a damp cloth
and allowed to stand under normal room conditions for 1 hour with its
bottom edge on a non-absorbent surface, such as a glass sheet. The
thickness of each test specimen shall then be remeasured at the same
points as before and to the same degree of accuracy and the increases

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

55
IS : 2380 (Part XVII) - 1977

shall be recorded. The increased length of the measured edge shall be

ascertained by use of the jig shown in Fig. 1.

FIG. 1 JIG FOR USE IN THE M EASUREMENT OF C HANGES

IN LENGTH

2.3 Report — The average of the three values obtained for the change
in thickness expressed as a percentage of the original average
thickness shall be reported as the swelling value. The increase in
length of the measured edge shall be reported as a percentage of the
nominal length of the test specimen.
3. SWELLING DUE TO SURFACE ABSORPTION
3.1 Test Specimen — Test specimens shall be prepared and
conditioned as specified in 2 of IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977*. Each test
specimen shall be 125 × 100 mm and shall be of the thickness of the
board.
3.2 Procedure — The thickness of each test specimen shall be
measured to an accuracy of ±0.03 mm at four places, one in the centre
of each side and approximately 20 mm from the edge. The points at
which the thicknesses are measured shall be clearly and indelibly
marked. The average of the four readings shall be recorded. The edges
of each test specimen shall then be sealed by quickly dipping them in
turn to a depth of 5 mm into a shallow bath of molten paraffin wax
having a melting point of about 55°C, the temperature of the bath
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

56
 IS : 2380 (Part XVII) - 1977

being about 90°C. The procedure shall be repeated until the pick-up of
wax for each test specimen is of the order of 5 g for each 10 mm
thickness of the board. Each test specimen shall then be immersed in
fresh clean water having a temperature of 27 ± 2°C, the water being
renewed for each test. The face being tested shall be immersed to a
depth of approximately 3 mm. Care shall be taken not to wet the top
surface of the test specimen. At the end of 2 hours or such other period
as may be specified, each test specimen shall be withdrawn from water
and the wet surface shall be wiped with a damp cloth. The test
specimen shall then be laid, wet face down, for one hour on a
non-absorbent surface, such as a glass sheet. The thickness of each
test specimen shall then be remeasured at the same points as before
and to the same degree of accuracy and the increases in thickness shall
be recorded.
3.3 Report — The average of the four values of increase in thickness
expressed as percentage of original average thickness shall be reported
as surface swelling value.

57
As in the Original Standard this Page is
Intentionally Left Blank
 IS : 2380 (Part XVIII) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART XVIII DETERMINATION OF MASS AND
DIMENSIONAL CHANGES CAUSED BY MOISTURE
CHANGES

( First Revision )

1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part XVIII) covers method of determination of mass
and dimensional changes caused by moisture changes.

2. TEST SPECIMEN

2.1 Test specimens shall be prepared and precisely conditioned as

specified in 2.2 of IS : 2380 (Part I)-1977* until they are substantially
constant in mass and dimensions and shall be grouped in pairs. Metal
shims may be cemented to the ends of the test specimens, if desired.
Each test specimen shall be 200 × 10 mm and shall be of the thickness
of the board.

3. PROCEDURE
3.1 Each test specimen shall be placed lengthwise in a jig, such as that
illustrated in Fig. 1, that permits the test specimens to be held against
a flat plate to eliminate the effect of any warping that may have
occurred, and that has a dial gauge capable of recording changes in the
length of the specimen to an accuracy of 0.01 mm. The dial reading
shall be recorded. The thickness of each test specimen shall be
measured to an accuracy of 0.01 mm at three marked points, one near
each end and one in the middle of the length and the mean shall be
recorded. The mass of each test specimen excluding any shims shall be
recorded to an accuracy of 0.01 g.

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part I Preparation and conditioning of test specimens ( first revision ).

59
IS : 2380 (Part XVIII) - 1977

3.1.1 One of each pair of test specimens shall then be placed in an

atmosphere maintained at 90 ± 5 percent relative humidity at 27 ± 2°C
and the other in an atmosphere maintained at 40 ± 5 percent relative
humidity at 27 ± 2°C. Upon their again reaching nearly constant mass
and dimensions, the expansion or contraction, the change in the mean
thickness and the change in mass of each test specimen shall be
recorded. Finally, the test pieces shall be dried as specified in 2 of
IS : 2380 (Part III)-1977*, and re-weighed.

4. REPORT
4.1 The change in length corresponding to each change in condition
(that is, from 65 percent to 40 percent relative humidity or from 65
percent to 90 percent relative humidity) shall be reported as a
percentage of the nominal length. The corresponding changes in the
mass or thickness as percentage of the mass or thickness after
conditioning at 65 percent relative humidity shall also be reported.
The equilibrium moisture contents at 40 and 90 percent relative
humidity shall be reported.

FIG. 1 JIG FOR USE IN THE M EASUREMENT OF C HANGES

IN LENGTH

*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials : Part III Determination of moisture content and density ( first revision ).

60
 IS : 2380 (Part XIX) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART XIX DURABILITY CYCLIC TEST FOR
INTERIOR USE

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part XIX) covers durability cyclic test for interior
use.

2. GENERAL
2.1 This test is intended to evaluate boards intended for interior use.

3. TEST SPECIMEN
3.1 When mechanical tests are to be made on the board to determine
the deteriorating effect of exposure cycling on mechanical properties,
the size of the specimen shall conform to that required for the specific
mechanical test to be made.
3.2 When this exposure cycling test is made only for the purpose of
visually observing the damage, if any, resulting from the cyclic
exposure the size of the test specimen shall be 30 × 30 cm or
15 × 15 cm with all four edges smoothly and squarely trimmed.

4. PROCEDURE
4.1 Durability Cycles — Each specimen shall be subjected to 16
complete cycles of wetting and drying. Each cycle shall consist of the
following:
a) Immersed vertically in water at 27 ± 2°C for 4 hours, and
b) Heated in dry air at 38 ± 2°C for 20 hours.
After the completion of the 15 cycles of exposure, the material for test
shall be further conditioned at a temperature of 27 ± 2°C and a relative
humidity of 65 ± 1 percent for at least 48 hours before test.

61
IS : 2380 (Part XIX) - 1977

5. INSPECTION OF MATERIAL DURING CYCLIC EXPOSURE

5.1 Frequent inspection of the material shall be made during the
cycles for any signs of delamination or other disintegration. If there is
any apparent damage to the material, it shall be described in the
report and the cycle in which the damage occurred noted.

6. COMPARISON AND REPORT

6.1 After the wetting and drying tests have been completed, each
specimen which has not disintegrated shall be tested in accordance
with the appropriate methods of test. After these tests are completed
the results shall be calculated and compared with the corresponding
values obtained from tests made on material not subjected to the
wetting and drying cycles.

62
 IS : 2380 (Part XX) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART XX ACCELERATED WEATHERING CYCLIC TEST
FOR EXTERIOR USE

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard (Part XX) covers accelerated weathering cyclic test
for exterior use.

2. GENERAL
2.1 This test is intended to estimate the weathering qualities of boards
under severe exposure conditions. After the specimens are subjected to
the cycles of accelerated weathering given in 4.1, the following tests
shall be made according to the methods specified in this standard:*†
Test Reference
Static bending IS : 2380 (Part IV)-1977*
Water absorption IS : 2380 (Part XVI)-1977†

3. TEST SPECIMENS

3.1 The test specimens shall be prepared as specified in the relevant

tests listed above.
3.1.1 When this accelerated weathering test is made only for the
purpose of visual observation of any defect resulting from cyclic
exposure, the size of test specimen shall be 30 × 30 cm or 15 × 15 cm
with all four edges smoothly and squarely trimmed.
*Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part IV Determination of static bending strength (modulus of rupture and
modulus of elasticity in bending) ( first revision ).
†Methods of test for wood particle boards and boards from other lignocellulosic
materials: Part XVI Determination of water absorption ( first revision ).

63
IS : 2380 (Part XX) - 1977

4. PROCEDURE
4.1 Accelerated Weathering Cycle — Each specimen shall be
subjected to six complete cycles of accelerated weathering. Each cycle
shall consist of the following:
a) Immersion in water at 49 ± 2°C for 1 hour,
b) Spraying with steam and water vapour at 93 ± 3°C for 3 hours,
c) Storing at ambient temperatures in a well ventilated room for
20 hours,
d) Heating in dry air at 99 ± 2°C for 3 hours,
e) Spraying again with steam and water vapour at 93 ± 3°C for
3 hours, and
f) Heating again in dry air at 99 ± 2°C for 18 hours.
4.1.1 After the completion of the six cycles of exposure, the material for
test shall be further conditioned at a temperature of 27 ± 2°C and a
relative humidity of 65 ± 5 percent for at least 48 hours before being
subjected to tests.
5. INSPECTION OF MATERIAL DURING CYCLIC EXPOSURE
5.1 Frequent inspections of the material shall be made during the
weathering cycles for any signs of distortion or other damages. If there
is any apparent damage to the material, it shall be included in the
report, as well as the stage of the cycle in which damage became
apparent.
6. COMPARISON AND REPORT
6.1 After the tests following the accelerated weathering treatment are
completed, the results shall be calculated as specified in the
appropriate test and compared with the corresponding values obtained
from test made on material that did not have the accelerated
weathering treatment and reported.
7. MEASUREMENT OF CUPPING AND TWISTING
7.1 Measurements of cupping and twisting shall also be made after
completing the accelerated weathering cycles.
7.2 Procedure — Cupping may be determined by placing a
straightedge across opposite edges of the specimen and measuring the
maximum distance to the concave face. Twisting may be determined
by placing the specimen with three corners touching a level surface
and measuring the distance from the raised corner to the surface.
7.3 Report — Cupping or twisting shall be reported correct to 0.01 cm
alongwith the size of the specimen.

64
 IS : 2380 (Part XXI) - 1977

Indian Standard
METHODS OF TEST FOR WOOD PARTICLE
BOARDS AND BOARDS FROM OTHER
LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS
PART XXI PLANENESS TEST UNDER UNIFORM
MOISTURE CONTENT

( First Revision )
1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard (Part XXI) covers planeness test under uniform
moisture content. This may also be called as local planeness test.

2. TEST SPECIMEN
2.1 The whole board shall be used for measuring the local planeness.

3. PROCEDURE
3.1 The board shall be placed in a horizontal position and squares of
20 cm be made on the face of board by a soft pencil. A dial gauge
suitably fixed on a plane surface so as to measure depression
perpendicular to the plane surface shall be placed on each cross point
of the squares. The depth of each cross point of the squares shall be
measured with reference to the planeness of the surrounding surface.
The ratio of the depth to the distance between corresponding corner
points shall be calculated and recorded.

4. REPORT
4.1 Maximum ratio of the depth to the distance between corresponding
corner points shall be reported. Where so much detail is not required
the planeness shall be measured along a diagonal.

65
IS : 2380 (Parts I to XXI) - 1977
( Continued from page 2 )
Members Representing
SHRI NIRMAL SINGH Ministry of Defence (DGI)
SHRI GULAM A LAM ( Alternate )
DR R. S. RATRA National Buildings Organization, New Delhi
SHRI J. P. SHARMA ( Alternate )
SHRI A. C. SEKHAR Forest Research Institute and Colleges (Timber
Mechanics Branch), Dehra Dun
SHRI N. K. SHUKLA Forest Research Institute and Colleges (Timber
Mechanics Branch), Dehra Dun
SHRI V. K. GUPTA ( Alternate )

66
Bureau of Indian Standards
BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote
harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of
goods and attending to connected matters in the country.
Copyright
BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any
form without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course
of implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade
designations. Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.
Review of Indian Standards
Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also
reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates
that no changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for
revision. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest
amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of ‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards : Monthly
Additions’.
This Indian Standard has been developed by Technical Committee : BDC 20 and amended by CED 20

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue
Amd. No. 1 September 1980
Amd. No. 2 May 1984
Amd. No. 3 January 1993
Amd. No. 4 November 1998

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

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