CBSE XII CHEMISTRY

Board Paper – 2016 Solution

CBSE
Class XII Chemistry
Board Paper 2016 (Solution)
Time: 3 hrs. Total Marks: 70

1.

2-phenylethanol

2.

It is the most reactive towards the SN1 reaction.

3. Reasons for the stability of colloidal sols:

a. Coagulation of the colloidal sol is prevented because of the presence of
equal and similar charges on the colloidal particles.
b. Colloidal particles are covered by a sheath of liquid in which they are
extensively solvated because of which they acquire stability.

4. Examples of molecular solids are solid ammonia (NH3) and ice (H2O).
Examples of ionic solids are NaCl and MgO.

5. Pb(NO3)2 undergoes a decomposition reaction on heating and produces

nitrogen dioxide. It dimerises to give N2O4 gas.
2Pb(NO3 )2  2PbO+ 4NO2 +O2
2NO2  N2O4

6.
(i) The reaction is a zero-order reaction, and the molecularity of this reaction
is 2.
(ii) The unit of the rate constant k is mole L−1 sec−1.

7.

(i)

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(ii) CH3  NH2  CHCl3  3KOH 

 CH3  NC  3KCl  3H2O

8.
(i) By Henry’s law, solubility of a particular gas is inversely proportional to
Henry’s constant for that gas. So, gas (B) will show a higher KH value as it
is less soluble.
(ii) It shows negative deviation from Raoult’s law.

9.
(i) [Co(NH3)6] Cl3
(ii) The IUPAC name of the complex is hexamminecobalt(III) chloride.

10.
(i) The structure of BrF3 is bent T-shaped.

(ii) The structure of XeF4 is square planar.

OR

(i) SO2 is a reducing agent, and it reduces Fe3+ to Fe2+ and changes the
solution from brown-red to green.
(ii) Xenon fluorides react with fluoride ion acceptors to form cationic species.
XeF4 + SbF5 → [XeF3]+ + [SbF6]−

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 CBSE XII CHEMISTRY
Board Paper – 2016 Solution

11.
(a)

(b)

(c)

12.
(i)

(ii)

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Board Paper – 2016 Solution

OR

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

13.
(i) Structural difference between starch and cellulose:

Starch Cellulose
Starch is made of α-1, 4 linkages. Cellulose is made of β-1, 4
linkages.
Starch is found in both linear and Cellulose is mostly linear chains
branched chains. of glucose molecules.
Starch occurs in two forms— Cellulose occurs in nature as
amylase and amylopectin. pure cellulose, hemicellulose or
lignin.
Starch functions as a storage Cellulose functions as a structural
polysaccharide polysaccharide.

(ii) Nucleic acid shows phosphodiester linkages.

(iii) Fibrous protein: Collagen
Globular protein: Egg albumin

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 CBSE XII CHEMISTRY
Board Paper – 2016 Solution

14.
(i) Mond process
(ii) The function of cryolite is to lower the fusion temperature from 2050°C to
950°C and to enhance conductivity.
(iii) Limestone decomposes to form CaO which reacts with silicate impurity in
the blast furnace to form slag.
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
CaO + SiO2 → CaSiO3 (slag)

15.
(i) In case of sulphur, because of the presence of empty d-orbital, it can
expand its oxidation state from the + 4 to the +6 oxidation state. Hence,
it acts as a reducing agent.
Te is a heavy element, so because of the inert pair effect, the lower
oxidation state is more stable. Hence, it acts as an oxidising agent.
(ii) Nitrogen does not form a pentahalide because of the non-availability of d
orbitals in its valence shell.
(iii) The I–Cl bond in ICl is weaker than the I–I bond in I2. Therefore, ICl is
more reactive than I2.

16.
(a)

Hybridisation: sp3d2
Magnetic character: Paramagnetic
Spin of complex: High spin complex

(b) Trans isomer of [Pt(en)2Cl2]2+ is optically inactive.

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17.
a  500 pm  500  1010 cm
z 2
m  300 g
zM
Density (d)  2
a NA
2 M
7.5 
(500)  1030  6.02  1023
3

7.5  (500)3  1030  6.02  1023

M
2
M  282.18 g / mol
Mass of compound  NA
Molar mass (M) 
Number of atoms
300  6.02  1023
282.18 
Number of atoms
Number of atoms  6.4  1023

18.
(i) Rubber is made of hydrocarbon chains, carbon and hydrogen. These
chains slide over one another and get tied to one another which leads to
natural rubber being sticky. When sulphur is used in the vulcanisation
process, it reacts with these chains and forms disulphide (or similar)
bonds. Sulphur forms cross linkages at the reactive sites of the double
bonds because of which rubber gets stiffened.

(ii) Monomers:
(a) Ethylene glycol
(b) Phthalic acid

(iii) Increasing order of intermolecular forces:

Neoprene < Polythene < Terylene

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19.
Given :
Pi  0.30 atm
Pt  0.50 atm

C2H5Cl(g)  C2H4(g)  HCl(g)

Pi 0 0 (At t  0 sec)
Pi  x x x (At t  300 sec)

So,
Pi  x  x  x  Pt
0.3  x  0.5
x  0.2
Then, Pi  x  0.3  0.2  0.1 atm
For first order reaction,
2.303  P 
k  log  i 
t  Pi  x 
2.303  0.3 
 log  
t  0.1 
2.303  log 3 2.303  0.4771
 
300 300
k  0.0037 s 1

20.
(i) AlCl3 is acidic and aniline is basic in nature. They react with each other to
form a salt. As a result, a positive charge is developed on the N-atom and
electrophilic substitution in the benzene ring is deactivated. Hence, aniline
does not undergo Friedel–Crafts reaction.

(ii) In (CH3)3N, there is maximum steric hindrance and least solvation, but in
(CH3)2NH, the solvation is more and the steric hindrance is less than in
(CH3)3N. Although the +I effect is less because there are two methyl
groups, di-methyl amine is still a stronger base than tri-methyl amine.

(iii) Because of maximum intermolecular hydrogen bonding in primary amines

(which is due to the presence of more H atoms), primary amines have
high boiling points compared to tertiary amines.

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21.
(i) Colloidal sols directly formed by mixing substances such as gum, gelatine,
starch and rubber with a suitable liquid (the dispersion medium) are
called lyophilic sols.

(ii) The potential difference between the fixed layer and the diffused layer of
opposite charges is called the electro kinetic potential or zeta potential.

(iii) Substances which at low concentrations behave as normal strong

electrolytes but at higher concentrations exhibit colloidal behaviour
because of the formation of aggregates or micelles are known as
associated colloids.

22.
Given :
Kb  0.52 K kg mol1
Mass of MgSO4 (solute)  4 g
Mass of Water (Solvent)  100 g
4
Molarity of solution  120  0.33 mol / L
100
1000
MgSO4 undergoes complete ionisation,
So, i  2
Elevation in boiling po int is given as,
Tb  i  Kb  m
 2  0.52  0.33  0.34 K
Tf  373.15  0.34
 373.49 K
Boiling po int of the solution is 373.49 K.
23.

(i) Carefulness, honesty and thoughtfulness are the values which are
displayed by Mr Deepak, as he advised Mr Angad to stop taking pills and
suggested an alternative option to reduce tension and anxiety.

(ii) Sleeping pills should not be taken without consulting the doctor because
they have several side effects like slowing down the functioning of the
brain and the nervous system.

(iii) Tranquillisers are drugs which are used to reduce anxiety, fear, tension,
agitation and related states of mental disturbance. They perform their
function by inhibiting the message transfer mechanism from the nerve to
the receptor.
Examples: Phenelzine, equanil

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 CBSE XII CHEMISTRY
Board Paper – 2016 Solution

24.
(a)
H2 ,PdBaSO4 H2NOH
CH3COCl   CH3CHO  
 CH3CH  N  OH
(i)
A B
1.CO2 PCl5
CH3MgBr 
2.H O
 CH3COOH  CH3COCl
(ii) 3

A B
(b)
(i) Acetophenone (C6H5COCH3) gives the iodoform test. Benzaldehyde
gives the silver mirror test with Tollens’ reagent, whereas
acetophenone does not react.
(ii) Formic acid gives the silver mirror test on treating with ammoniacal
silver nitrate. Acetic acid does not give this test.
HCOOH + 2[Ag (NH3)2] NO3 →2Ag + CO2 + 2NH4NO3 + 2NH3

(c) The boiling point of a compound depends on intermolecular hydrogen

bonding. It is the most in acetic acid, followed by ethanol and
acetaldehyde.
CH3CHO < CH3CH2OH < CH3COOH

OR

(a)

(b) Aldehydes are usually more reactive than ketones in nucleophilic addition
reactions because of steric and electronic reasons. In case of ketones,
aromatic ketones are more susceptible to nucleophilic attack than
aliphatic ketones.
CH3COCH3 < C6H5COCH3 < CH3CHO

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(c) In a carboxylate anion, the carbon atom is joined to each oxygen atom by
one and a half bond and the negative charge is distributed over both
oxygen atoms. Thus, the carbonyl group in carboxylic acids is not a true
carbonyl group as in aldehydes and ketones. Therefore, carboxylic acids
do not give reactions of the carbonyl group.

1.(iBu) AlH
(d) CH3CH2CH  CH  CH2CN 2
2.H O
 CH3CH2CH  CH  CH  CHO
2

(e)

Methyl ketone gives the iodoform test.

NaOHI2 / 
CH3COCH3  CH3COOH  CHI3

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25.
(a)
Given :
Ecell  1.98 V
 0.0591 [Al]2
Ecell  Ecell  log
n [Cu]3
 0.0591 [0.01]2
Ecell  Ecell  log
6 [0.01]3

Ecell  1.98  0.00985 log 100

Ecell  1.98  0.0197

Ecell  1.99 V

Given :
 
E A 2 / A   2.37 V

E B 2
/ B    0.14V
  
Ecell  Ecathode  Eanode
In 1st case :

Ecell  E (A2 / A)  E (Fe2 / Fe)
 (2.37  0.44)   1.93 V
In 2nd case :

Ecell  E (B2 / B)  E (Fe2 / Fe)
 (0.14  0.44)  0.3 V
As B has a positive value, it will be our choice for electroplating.

(b)
Given :
Conductivity (k)  3.905  105 S cm1
Concentration ofelectrolyte (c)  0.001 mol L1
k
m   1000  39.05 S cm2 mol1
c
 
m  CH COO
 H 
3

 40.9  349.6
 390.5 S cm2 mol1
39.05
Degree of dissociation   0.1
390.5

(c) An electrochemical cell is a device capable of either deriving electrical

energy from chemical reactions or facilitating chemical reactions through
the introduction of electrical energy. When the external potential is higher

than Ecell , the flow of the current is reversed and the cell gets recharged.

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 CBSE XII CHEMISTRY
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26.
(a)
(i) In case of oxygen, Mn shows the highest oxidation state of +7. This
is because Mn forms pπ–dπ multiple bonds using 2p orbitals of
oxygen and 3d orbitals of Mn. With F, Mn displays an oxidation state
of +4 because of the single bond formation caused by the
unavailability of 2p orbitals in F for multiple bonding.

(ii) Cr2+ is strongly reducing in nature. It has a d4 configuration. While

acting as a reducing agent, it oxidises to Cr3+ (with electronic
configuration d3). This d3 configuration can be written as t2g3
configuration, which is a more stable configuration.

(iii) Zn2+ salts have a completely filled set of d-orbitals (3d10), while Cu2+
has an incompletely filled set of d-orbitals (3d9), and therefore, d–d
transition is possible in Cu2+, leading to blue colour.

(b)

(i) 2MnO2  4KOH  O2  2K2MnO4  2H2O
(ii) Cr2O72  14H  6I 
 2Cr 3  3I2  7H2O

OR

(i) Mn shows the maximum oxidation state of +7. Mn (3d54s2) has half-filled
d orbitals and can lose all seven valence electrons.
(ii) Cr has the highest melting point.
(iii) Sc shows only the +3 oxidation state.
(iv) Mn is a strong oxidising agent in the +3 oxidation state because it
achieves the stable 3d5 configuration in the +2 oxidation state.

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