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Introduction To For It & Non-It Professionals: Artificial Intelligence

The document introduces expert systems, highlighting their definition, structure, and comparison with human experts. It discusses the main components of expert systems, including the knowledge base and inference engine, as well as techniques like forward and backward chaining. Additionally, it mentions various applications of expert systems in fields such as geology and medicine.

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TariqMalik
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47 views12 pages

Introduction To For It & Non-It Professionals: Artificial Intelligence

The document introduces expert systems, highlighting their definition, structure, and comparison with human experts. It discusses the main components of expert systems, including the knowledge base and inference engine, as well as techniques like forward and backward chaining. Additionally, it mentions various applications of expert systems in fields such as geology and medicine.

Uploaded by

TariqMalik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

INTRODUCTION TO

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
FOR IT & NON-IT PROFESSIONALS
EXPERT SYSTEMS
EXPERT SYSTEMS

• What is an Expert?
• Skin specialist, heart specialist, car mechanic, architect, software
designer
• What is an expert system?
• Knowledge
• Reasoning
COMPARISON OF A HUMAN EXPERT AND
AN EXPERT SYSTEM
EXPERT SYSTEM STRUCTURE
EXPERT SYSTEM STRUCTURE
EXPERT SYSTEMS
FORWARD-CHAINING TECHNIQUE FOR AN
EXPERT SYSTEM
BACKWARD-CHAINING TECHNIQUE FOR AN
EXPERT SYSTEM
EXPERT SYSTEMS

• Problems with expert systems


• Many applications of expert systems are very well known:
• Prospector—used by geologists to identify sites for drilling or mining;
• PUFF—medical system for diagnosis of respiratory conditions;
• Design Advisor—gives advice to designers of processor chips;
• MYCIN—medical system for diagnosing blood disorders (first used in 1979); LITHIAN—
gives advice to archeologists examining stone tools; and
• DENDRAL—used to identify the structure of chemical compounds (first used in 1965).
EXPERT SYSTEMS

• Main components of an expert system


• the knowledge base
• the inference engine
• the user interface
EXPERT SYSTEMS

• An expert system has some capabilities


• An expert system has five basic components
• Knowledge base
• Inference engine
• Explanation component has the role to explain the problem-solving strategy
to the user
• User interface
• Acquisition component provides support for structuring and implementation
EXPERT SYSTEMS

• People involved with expert systems are domain expert


• Two main inference techniques are used
• Forward chaining
• Backward chaining
• Expert systems have applications

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