Theoretical Framework

Few theories and concept are sought and variables are discussed to encompass

the parameters of the study. And have been used to help explain regarding on the

effects of Google classroom as a Blended learning platform of Northwestern Agusan

Colleges.

This study is anchored on the following:

The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is an Information Systems

theory that models how users come to accept and use a technology. Technology

Acceptance Model (TAM) was developed by Davis to explain the computer usage

behavior. There are two important determinants of the actual system used: (1)

perceived ease of use and (2) perceived usefulness. This theory has a rapport on these

studies which provide evidence that Google Classroom usage is very effective in the

teaching and learning process of the students.

According to Davis (1986) perceived ease of use also influences in a significant

way the attitude of an individual through two main mechanisms: self-efficacy and

instrumentality. Self-efficacy is a concept developed by Bandura (1982) which explains

that the more a system is easy to use, the greater should be the user’s sense of

efficacy. He originally proposed the concept, in his own words, as a personal judgment

of “how well one can execute courses of action required to deal with prospective

situations” (1997). Bandura was responsible for bringing the term to light, but

psychologists have studied self-efficacy from several perspectives. (Kathy Colbe, 2010),

believes that self-efficacy also involves determination and perseverance – seeing how it
helps one overcome obstacles that would interfere with utilizing those innate abilities to

achieve goals.

Behaviorist learning theory of (Skinner 1904) is a theory that supports

increased access to quality digital learning resources.

According to this philosophy, teaching should emphasize ways to increase

desired behaviors, which can occur through connectionism or operant conditioning.

Connectionism stresses that learners form associations between sensory experiences

and neural impulses often through trial and error practices. One key component of this

theory is that learning should involve practice and rewards that increase desired

behaviors, which is what many educational technology applications are built around.

Many apps serve to increase drill practice such as learning a foreign language, doing

math drills or spelling practice, which all help a student’s overall learning.

Operant conditioning, the other component of behaviorism, refers to training

voluntary responses by the consequences they induce. Apps and other ed tech that

provide incentives for desired behaviors, like earning coins or tokens for correct

answers, are a couple of examples of operant conditioning.

Another theory that supports increased access to digital learning resources

is Social Cognitive theory, which is a formal theory of learning that asserts people

learn from observing others in their social environments. This theory has three key

themes: modeling, self–efficacy, and tutoring and mentoring. Modeling, which refers to

learners observing others perform actions in context, is central to learning, so teachers

to models were limited, but now it can increase educators’ abilities to provide models

and increase students’ access to models by providing opportunities for all students to

observe teachers explain and demonstrate concepts and skills. Students are no longer

bound to just classroom walls, either. They can easily reach out through computers,

tablets, and apps to see instructors around the globe model different skills and

problems.

Self–efficacy, or the belief in one’s own ability to complete tasks and reach goals,

is increased when students are able to watch a model of a skill and then practice it

themselves. One example of how technology is increasing access to this type of

learning opportunity is software programs with already downloaded avatars or recorded

teachers that model a desired skill or behavior, after which the student is provided an

opportunity to practice and perform. Many other types of educational technology can

increase students’ access to opportunities to increase their self-efficacy.

The last component that the Social Cognitive theory stresses is the importance

of tutoring and mentoring for learning. Technology provides access to tutors or mentors

that many students may not have otherwise. Students are no longer bound to receiving

help solely through their school community, and can communicate with tutors and

mentors from all over the world whom they would not otherwise be able to reach with

technology, increasing their learning potential.

Constructivism is a theory in education that recognizes learners construct new

understandings and knowledge, integrating with what they already know. This includes
knowledge gained from online learning prior to the blended learning platform. The origin

of the theory is also linked to Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. In addition,

learners communicate with each other, and share their understanding, feelings,

knowledge and experience, to come up with new knowledge. The teacher becomes the

facilitator, and learners are encouraged to interact, exchange views and experience and

construct ideas on the classroom that is based on their needs.

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

 Flexibility
 Accessibility Academic Performance
of BEED 1st year in
 Affordability
Northwestern Agusan
 Connectivity Colleges
 Teaching Strategy
 Integrating
technology in the
classroom

 AGE
 SEX

Figure 1. This schematic diagram interplays between the dependent variable

and independent variables.

The study aims to determine the effectiveness on the use of Google classroom

as a blended learning platform towards the BEED 1 st year students of Northwestern

Agusan Colleges.

Specifically, the study would answer following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents according to:

1.1 Age

1.2 Sex

2. What are the Students Limitations towards using Google classroom?

3. What is the extent of Google Classroom as blended learning platform perceived

3.1. Flexibility
3.2. Accessibility
3.2.1. Connectivity
3.2.2 Affordability
3.3. Teaching strategies
3.4. Integrating technology in the classroom

4. Is there significant effect between the uses of Google Classroom to the Academic
Performance of the Bachelor of Elementary Education 1 st year students?
Significance of the study

This study is beneficial to the following:

School Administrator. The findings of this study would help the administrators to

provide the school with accessible computer sets and internet facilities for students to

use in the learning process.

Students. The findings of this study will also beneficial to the students to understand

the integration of Google classroom as platform in achieving high grades to their

academic performances.

Parents. The parents would be able to guide their children in using the Google

classroom as a blended learning platform.

Teachers. The findings of this study would help teachers know more effective way in

improving students’ access and attentiveness towards learning by using Google

classroom as a online blended platform.

Future researchers. Through this study, the researcher can also gain significance in

this study. It may serve this as their guidance to gather information and it would help

them know the effectiveness of Google classroom.

Scope and Delimitation

Elementary Education of Northwestern Agusan Colleges about the Google classroom

as a blended learning platform to the student’s academic performance.

The respondents of this study will be the First year college students with the

course of Bachelor of Elementary Education of Northwestern Agusan Colleges.

Definition of Terms
 CHAPTER 2

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methodology that was employed in the study. This

includes research design, environment, population and sample, research locale,

sampling procedure, research instrument, ethical consideration, and data gathering

procedure, data analysis and statistical treatment.

Research Design

The study used quantitative design. It is descriptive research design and

employs quantitative type of research method. It is descriptive because it pictures the

profile of the respondents. And it is mathematically base method because it used highly

structured, rigid techniques such as questionnaires and survey.

Research locale

This study will be conducted at the school located in Bay, View Hill

Northwestern Agusan Colleges. It is one of private school in the Municipality of Nasipit.

Northwestern Agusan Colleges is a non-secretarian educational providing every

students adequate trainings and relevant activities that enhance students’ knowledge,

skills and potentials as well as the value in the province of Agusan del Norte.

Northwestern Agusan Colleges offers elementary, secondary and tertiary

education in a high quality and accessible for all the students who desired to finish
college degrees. The Northwestern Agusan Colleges currently has 3 colleges courses

namely: the College of Elementary Education, College of Secondary Education and

College of Business.  It is also a K-12 accredited school with the strands in

Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM), Humanities and Social Sciences

(HUMSS) and General Academic Strand (GAS) for its senior high school program. 

Northwestern Agusan Colleges known before as Nasipit Institute (NI) and

was founded and established in the year 1967.

As a private, it does not only give emphasis on the students acquisition of

technical skills to prepare them for the world of work, but also to develop their abilities in

other fields of endeavor such as in English, Math, Science, Music and Arts as well as

journalism.

Figure 1. Northwestern Agusan Colleges Map

The respondents of the study are the First year college Bachelor of

Elementary Education students of Northwestern Agusan Colleges.