Web of Things and Cloud of

Things
Mrs. K.M. Sanghavi
 Contents
• WoT
• WoT Vs IoT
• Architecture Standardization of WoT
– Platform Middleware for WoT
• Unified Multitier WoT Architecture
• WoT Portals and Business Intelligence
• Cloud Of Things
– Grid/SOA and Cloud computing
• Cloud MiddleWare
• Cloud Standards
• Cloud Providers
• Mobile Cloud Computing
• Cloud of Things Architecture
WoT
 WoT Vs IoT
IoT WoT

Aggregation of already available Approaches, software architectural styles

technologies i.e It Basically and programming patterns that allow
controlling different devices by real-world objects to be part of the
establishing connection and World Wide Web.
communicating from mobile app or
web browser”.
IoT is about creating a network of WoT tries to integrate objects, things or
objects, things , people, system and people and systems to Web.
applications
The scope of IoT applications is Scope of WoT Applications is limited to
broader and includes systems that Web Only.
not accessible through the web ( e.g.
conventional WSN and RFID system)
Approach to building WoT is based on Approach to building WoT is based on
RESTful principles and REST APIs or RESTful principles and REST APIs
even WebSocket, SOAP, COAP
 WoT Applications

• Japan Geiger Map … Visualizes Radiation Map

of Japan
• National Weather Study Project… Mini
Weather Stations in schools of Singapore
• Nanode … Arduino with Inbuilt Web
connectivity
• AgSphere….Connecting agricultural products
to Web
 Two Pillars of Web

Second
First Pillar
Pillar
HTML Web Browser

MultiTiered
HTTP Software
Architecture
Application
URL Servers
WoT Architecture
 WoT Pillars

• First Pillar focuses on Describing Service, how to

locate , and how to transfer
– HTML…Creates Resource
– HTTP….Defines the format to transmit messages
– URL…. Locates Resources
• Second Pillar focuses on Way to access resource,
how to design web application and how to run
them.
– Web Browsers… Way to access resource using URL
– Multitiered Architecture…. how to design web
application
– Application Servers…. How to run web applications i.e
database connectivity
 Platform Middleware of WoT
• Platform Middleware is also known as
Application framework Or Three tiered
Application Server
• Provides Natural fits for mapping the IoT
objects to software objects.
Platform Middelware of WoT
Platform Middelware of WoT..M2M
• European Telecommunications Standards
Institute (ETSI) is working for M2M Standards
• Resolves
– N/w Routing
– Synchronous Communication
– Subscribe Model
– Uniform data storage model
– Language Independent
M2M Middleware Standards .. Key
Elements

M2M Device

M2M Area Network

M2M Gateway

M2M Communication Network

M2M Application Server

Platform Middelware of WoT..WSN
• The Open Geospatial Consortium, Sensor Web
Enablement (OGC SWE) is working for WSN
Standardization.
• The goal of SWE is creation of web- based
sensor networks to make all sensors and
repositories of sensor data discoverable,
accessible, and where applicable,
controllable via the World Wide Web
Platform Middelware of WoT..WSN
• Enables
– Discovery of sensors, processes, and observations
– Tasking of sensors or models
– Access to observations and observation streams
– Publish–subscribe capabilities for alerts
– Robust sensor system and process descriptions
Platform Middelware of WoT..WSN
• The following web service specifications have
been produced by the OGC SWE Working Group
– Sensor observation service—standard web interface
for accessing observations
– Sensor planning service—standard web interface for
tasking sensor systems and model and requesting
acquisitions
– Sensor alert service—standard web interface for
publishing and subscribing to sensor alerts
– Web notification service—standard web interface for
asynchronous notification
Platform Middelware of WoT..WSN
• The USN (Ubiquitous Sensor Networks)
standardization is working for WSN
Standardization.
• USN is a conceptual network or framework
built over existing physical networks that
makes use of sensed data and provide
knowledge services
 Main Components of USN
USN applications and services platform
• technology framework to enable the effective use of a USN

USN middleware
• including functionalities for sensor network management and connectivity, event
processing, sensor data mining.

Network infrastructure
• makes use of existing networks

USN gateway
• A node that interconnects sensor networks with other networks

Sensor network
• Network of interconnected sensor nodes
 Platform Middelware of WoT..SCADA
• ANSI/ ISA-95 is working for SCADA
Standardization.
• It is used to specify a framework for the inter
operability of a set of software products used in
the manufacturing domain and to facilitate its
integration into a manufacturing application.
• The objectives of ISA-95 are to provide consistent
terminology that is a foundation for supplier and
manufacturer communication, to provide
consistent information models, and to provide a
consistent operations model as a foundation for
clarifying application functionality and how
information is to be used.
Main Components of SCADA
Middleware
Interaction

Communication

Context

Secure Distributed Storage

Proactive knowledge base

Tools
 Main Components of ISA-95 for
Middleware platform of SCADA
Interaction
• These manage interaction between Users and Smart Products

Communication
• These provide support for the information exchange between smart products

Context
• These provide components for sensing, processing, and distributing context information

Proactive knowledge base

• components for handling the knowledge of a smart product

Secure distributed storage

• components for storing knowledge of a smart product in a secure and distributed way

Tools
• tools for developing smart products, such as for automatically extracting relevant
information from manuals, editors
 Platform Middelware of WoT..RFID
• The EPCglobal is working for RFID
Standardization.
• BRIDGE Building Radio- frequency Identification
solutions for the Global Environment under EPC
Global is also working for RFID standardization
which manages the exchange of RFID and
aggregated information between nodes.
• The Cross UBiQuitous Platform (CUBIQ) ..Japan
aims to develop a common platform that
facilitates the development of context- aware
applications.
Platform Middelware of WoT..RFID

Manage Devices

Collect and Integrate Data

Structure and Filter Data

Tag ID Association
 Platform Middleware of WoT..RFID
• The CUBIQ architecture consists of three
layers
– Mobile terminals with RFID tag reader collect RFID
tag info and record location.
– The mobile terminals are connected via the core
CUBIQ infrastructure and share RFID tag
information.
– Observers can search RFID tag information to
estimate the location of target person.
 WoT Portals and Business Intelligence
• A web portal or links page is a website that
functions as a point of access to information in
the World Wide Web
• A portal presents information from diverse
sources in a unified way.
 WoT Portals
• Pachube (https://pachube.com) Pachube enables
you to store, share and discover real-time sensor,
energy and environment data from buildings or
other devices.
 WoT Portals
• SensorMap (Microsoft, http://atom.research.
microsoft.com/sensewebv3 /sensormap/): The
portal and its accompanying tools will allow for
more online live data.
 Business Intelligence

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N8F7eOqgH8Q&t=684s
 Business Intelligence
• All Businesses Using IT System / Manual
Operations generate RAW Data

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N8F7eOqgH8Q&t=684s
 Business Intelligence
• Typical Objectives of a company will include more
stability and more profit .

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N8F7eOqgH8Q&t=684s
 Business Intelligence
• RAW Data needs to be analyzed and transformed into
meaningful information to achieve the objective of any
company.
• This transformation is done by Business Intelligence
 Business Intelligence
• Business Intelligence thus helps the company to
analyze the past and make actions to get a better
future.
• It is an approach either technological or process
oriented i.e anything which is done to convert raw
data into meaningful information is Business
Intelligence
Business Intelligence Objectives
Business Intelligence Technical
Approaches
 GRID COMPUTING
• It is collection of computing resources (like
storage, processor, data , applications) from
multiple locations to achieve a common goal.

Storage Application Data

 GRID COMPUTING
• A grid is a distributed system with non-
interactive workload that involve large number
of files.
GRID DISTRIBUTED

Stor Applic Da Stor Applic Da

age ation ta age ation ta
 GRID COMPUTING
• A computational grid is a h/w and s/w
infrastructure that provides dependable,
consistent & inexpensive access to high end
computational capabilities.
• The grid links together the computing
resources and provides a mechanism to access
them.
WORKING OF GRID COMPUTING
 EXAMPLE OF GRID COMPUTING
DESKTOP COMPUTER GRID COMPUTING
Solve, Solve,
X = 10+(8 * 2) + (3*2) X = 10+(8 * 2) + (3*2)

Step 1 : X = 10+(8 * 2) + (3*2) Step 1 : X = 10+ 16 + 6

Step 2 : X = 10+ 16 + (3*2) Step 2 : X = 32
Step 3 : X = 10+ 16 + 6
Step 4 : X = 32

• So Grid Computing saves time and increases

processing speed.
DISADVANTAGE OF GRID COMPUTING

• The users or project sponsors would have to

bear the enormous cost of setting up and
maintaining and monitoring the grid.
• Does not follow standard data communication
protocol
 APPLICATIONS OF GRID COMPUTING

• The European Organization for Nuclear Research

(CERN) is one of the leading organizations running
major grid computing initiatives including analyzing
chemical compounds in the search for potential
drugs for diseases such as avian flu.
• SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence)
@Home project is one of the earliest grid initiatives
that downloads and analyzes data from radio
telescope. Participants simply need to download
and run a program to join the grid network.
Cloud as Integration to Grid
Computing and SOA

Grid
Cloud
Computing

SOA
 Protecting Data Right Skill Set

Operational Cost
Upgrade Hardware
 BENEFITS OF CLOUD COMPUTING

• Reduced Cost
• Rapid Scalability
• Highly Automated
• Disaster Relief
• Flexibility
• More Mobility
Cloud as Integration to Grid
Computing and SOA
 Cloud Models
• Service Model –Iaas, Paas, Saas
– Iaas- Infrastructure as a service
– Paas- Platform as a service
– Saas- Software as a service

• Deployment Model –Public, Private,

Community, Hybrid
 Deployment Model
• Public
– A public cloud is a type of computing in which a
service provider makes resources available to the
public via the internet.
– Resources vary by provider but may include
storage capabilities, applications or virtual
machines.
– Public cloud allows for scalability and resource
sharing that would not otherwise be possible for a
single organization to achieve.
 Deployment Model..Public
• Example
– Windows Azure and Office 360
– Google App Engine
– IBM Blue Cloud
– Amazon EC2
 Deployment Model..>Private
• Private
– A private cloud is a particular model of cloud
computing that involves a distinct and
secure cloud based environment in which only the
specified client can operate.
– Can be on premises or Off - Premises
 Deployment Model..Private
• Example
– Ubuntu Enterprise CLoud
– Amazon VPC
– VMWare
– Eucalyptus
– Microsfot ECI (Enrollmet for Cloud Infrastructure)
 Deployment Model..>Community
• Community
– A community cloud in computing is a
collaborative effort in which infrastructure is
shared between several organizations from a
specific community with common concerns
(security, compliance, jurisdiction, etc.), whether
managed internally or by a third-party and hosted
internally or externally.
– This is controlled and used by a group of
organizations that have shared interest.
 Deployment Model..Community
• Example
– Google Apps for Government
– Microsoft Government Community Cloud
 Deployment Model..>HYbrid
• Hybrid
– Hybrid cloud is a cloud computing environment
that uses a mix of on-premises, private cloud and
third-party, public cloud services with
orchestration between the two platforms. B
– y allowing workloads to move between private
and public clouds as computing needs and costs
change, hybrid cloud gives businesses greater
flexibility and more data deployment options.
 Deployment Model..Hybrid
• Example
– Google Apps for Government
– Microsoft Government Community Cloud
 Cloud Middleware
• The cloud middleware
consists of two kinds of
middleware
– IaaS and PaaS middleware
• It reduces the single
system virtualization
 Cloud Middleware

• Iaas Middelware
– Includes N/W management, Grid Management,
Scheduling
• Paas Middelware
– Includes Identity and access management, data
management
– Includes all business level solution