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Dissolved Oxygen & Chloride Analysis

This document discusses methods for determining dissolved oxygen content and chloride concentration in water. It addresses how various factors like temperature, atmospheric pressure, chloride content, and depth affect dissolved oxygen levels. The Winkler method uses reagents like manganese sulfate and sulfuric acid to fix dissolved oxygen, with starch solution as the indicator and titration endpoint. The Mohr method uses chromate ions as the indicator for chloride determination, with the endpoint being full precipitation of chloride ions. The maximum chloride limit for drinking water according to Philippine standards is 250 mg/L.

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Migs Mla
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230 views2 pages

Dissolved Oxygen & Chloride Analysis

This document discusses methods for determining dissolved oxygen content and chloride concentration in water. It addresses how various factors like temperature, atmospheric pressure, chloride content, and depth affect dissolved oxygen levels. The Winkler method uses reagents like manganese sulfate and sulfuric acid to fix dissolved oxygen, with starch solution as the indicator and titration endpoint. The Mohr method uses chromate ions as the indicator for chloride determination, with the endpoint being full precipitation of chloride ions. The maximum chloride limit for drinking water according to Philippine standards is 250 mg/L.

Uploaded by

Migs Mla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DETERMINATION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONTENT

AND CHLORIDE IN WATER

1. What is the effect of the following factors/phenomenon on dissolved oxygen in water?


a. Temperature
 As the temperature increases the solubility of oxygen decreases. It means that
the warmer the surface water requires less dissolved oxygen to reach 100% air
saturation.

b. atmospheric pressure
 The solubility of oxygen in water is also reliant on pressure. If the pressure
increases the higher the amount of oxygen can be dissolved.

c. chloride content
 If the salinity is increasing the oxygens solubility will decrease so salinity also
affects the ability of oxygen to be dissolved in water.

d. depth of the water


 The deeper it is the greater the DO saturation will be that is why dissolved
oxygen saturation is also dependent on the depth.

e. algal bloom/eutrophication
 The more the algae are the greater chance that the DO will decrease because of
the release of phosphorus and absorption of oxygen in algae as they mature and
decompose.

2. In the Winkler method of DO determination, what are the solutions used to “fix” the dissolved
oxygen?
 The reagents such as Manganese sulfate, alkali-iodide-azide, starch solution, sodium
thiosulfate and concentrated sulfuric acid are the solutions used to fix the dissolved
oxygen. These solutions are used to form an acidic compound that is then titrated
with a neutralizing compound that results in color change.

3. What is the indicator used in the DO determination, and what is the endpoint of the titration?
 The endpoint of the titration is the point of color change which accords with the
dissolved oxygen concentration in the sample.

4. Write the net ionic equation for the following reactions:


a. silver nitrate solution and chloride ion in the water sample
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq)  AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq)  AgCl(s)

b. potassium chromate solution and excess silver nitrate solution


AgNO3 + K2CrO4  Ag2CrO4 + KNO3
2Ag+(aq) + CrO42- (aq)  Ag2CrO4 (s)

5. In the Mohr method of chloride determination, what is the indicator and what is the endpoint?
 The Mohr method of chloride determination uses the indicator of Chromate ions for
the argentometric determination of bromide, chloride, and cyanide ions. The
endpoint occurs when all the chloride ions are precipitated.

6. What is the maximum allowable limit of chloride concentration as indicated in the Philippine
National Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW)?
 The maximum allowable limit of chloride concentration as indicated in the PNSDW
would be 250 mg/L.

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