Classification of Art Drawing – first step in producing 2D artworks
Practical – primarily meant to be 1. Sketching – done at the “spur of the
functional in everyday life moment”, most fundamental type of
Environmental – use of space to interact drawing
with the surrounding and nature 2. Life drawing – based upon the
Pictorial – artwork that is predominantly observation of particular subject ex. Still
visual and spatial life and figure drawing
Auditory – engage the sense of hearing 3. Perspective drawing – creates 3D
ex. Sound effects objects on a 2D plane; used in
Musical – harness a logical arrangement architecture
of sound ex. Dance with musical Technique – manner in which artists use and
accompaniment manipulate materials to achieve desired formal
Narrative – follow a story structure ex. effect and communicate the desired concept or
Comics meaning, according to his/her personal style
Dramatic – used to describe works done TECHNIQUE ≠ STYLE
by/for performance based representation Shading – use of degrees of values giving the
work characteristics of depth and texture
Medium – materials or substances used by the
artist to produce artwork Hatching
Cross-
hatching
Blending
Mediums and materials in drawing
1. Charcoal – organic material from burnt Stippling
wood
a. Vine – comes in thin sticks and is
easy to blend and erase
b. Compressed – charcoal pressed into Pointilism
a wooden casing; creates darker
shades than vine charcoal
2. Graphite – made from a soft mineral;
easier to use and not messy as charcoal Scribbling
Simangan, Anne Louise Nicole T.
Painting – application of color to a surface Impasto – using a palette knife
through brush or knife to scrape up a bit of paint and
Components of paint apply it to the work surface
Pigment – minerals and substances to
give a paint its color
Binder – material that hold the pigment
together and allow it to stick to a surface 2D media
Solvent – liquids used to control the Printmaking – process of transferring of
viscosity (thickness and thinness) of the an original image from a prepared
paint surface (matrix/printing plate) onto
Kinds of paint another surface, paper or canvas
Oil-based – used during early Lithography Stone
Renaissance; dry slowly Wood block Wood
Water-soluble paints Screen print Silkscreen
a. Watercolor Etching Metal
b. Goache – mixture of transparent
watercolor with water-soluble white Mixed media – art that combine various
chalk mediums
Tempera – used during Middle Ages;
consists of natural pigments, egg Multimedia art – combines texts,
(binder), water (solvent) graphics, video and sound in a single
Acrylic – composed of water-soluble masterpiece
synthetic pigments and water-resistant
3D media
when dry
Mediums and materials in painting Sculpture
Brush Subtractive Carving
Addition Junk art
a. Bristle – comes from pig’s fur; used for
Manipulation Molding
impressionist paintings and traditional Substitution Casting
Chinese and Japanese art Installation art – any arrangement of
b. Sable – comes from sable/weasel fur; objects in an exhibition space
used in watercolor and oil painting
c. Nylon – synthetic; almost has the same Photography
texture with sable and is suitable for all Aperture – opening and closing of lens
kinds of painting Shutter speed - how long the exposure of
the image
ISO – effect of light to the image
Cinematography
Close-up Point – basic unit of a design
Line – mark between two points
Shape – two-dimensional
a. Geometric – clear outlines
Extreme b. Organic – natural, less well-defined
close-up edges
Form – 3-dimensional
Space – area between two elements
Texture – surface of an object also the
Long perceived physical properties
Color
a. Black – presence of all colors
b. White – absence of all colors
Low-angle Characteristics of color
Value – lightness or darkness of
tones
High-angle Tints – add white
Shades – add black
Tones – add gray
Point of view Primary
Eye level
Dutch
Secondary
Headroom &
leading room
Elements of Art
Tertiary
Split-complementary – variation of the
complementary scheme (Y or small ∆)
Tetradic –
double
complementary (▭)
Color Psychology
Red – love, rage, courage
Orange – optimistic, extroverted Components of Art
(adventure, social communication) 1. Form – how artist organized their
Yellow – joyfulness, enlightenment, artwork ex. Texture, visual organization
sunlight, spirituality 2. Subject – depicted object
Green – renewal, growth Kinds of Subject
Blue – peace, serenity, meditation, Representational/figurative – actual
relaxation artwork
Non-representational/non-objective –
Hue – attribute of a color that makes it distinct abstract
from another color 3. Theme – impact/meaning of the work
Saturation – dominance of hue in a color Subject matter – literal topic depicted in the
Desaturated colors are dulled down work
Ways of presenting subject matter
Color Schemes 1. History
Achromatic – neutral colors (black, 2. Religion – worship any god
white, gray, brown) 3. Mythological – supernatural gods
Monochromatic – single base hue and 4. Nature
extended using its shades, tones and Landscape – body of land
tints Cityscape – city
Complementary – colors that are Fauna – animal
opposite on the color wheel; shows high Seascape – body of water
contrast Flora - flower
5. Genre – everyday life
6. Portrait – representation of artist
Analogous – three colors next to each 7. Nude – idealistic, beauty of the human
form
other on the color wheel
8. Still life – arrangement of inanimate
objects
9. Surrealistic – dreams or hallucinations
Triadic – three colors
10. Abstract – exaggerated/ simplified
evenly spaced out in the color wheel
objects, lines, shapes
Composition – arrangement and structure of
elements of the artwork
Principles of Composition
Balance – visual stability
Symmetrical – equal weights on
both sides
Asymmetrical – placement of
varying weight
Emphasis – center of interest; through
shape, color, light
Movement – visual sense of flow
through the artwork
Unity – different elements in sync with
one another
Contrast – arrangement of two or more
opposite elements
Chiarusco – strong contrast
between light and shadow
Tenebrism – predominantly dark
tones over light for dramatic
effect
Harmony – combining similar elements
Repetition – repeated use of an
element
Rhythm – continuity recurrence
and sequence in time and space
