SOUTHERN MINDANAO COLLEGES
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Pagadian City
School – Year 2020-2021 – Mid Year
Compilation
of
REFLECTIONS
ED 230- EDUCATIONAL PLANNING
Submitted by:
ROSEVIE T. BIRIN
Student
Submitted to:
Dr. Enjie Kinatac-an Duhilag
Professor
TOPIC 1 : Why, What, Impact of Planning
REPORTER: ABDULGANI, HASHER
REFLECTION:
After watching the recorded screen presentation of the reporter, I gained the knowledge
of how important planning is in the field of education. It has an absolute necessity for it
considers important issues, conditions and factors in education. So much so, the Department of
Education has its own objectives, vision, mission, and goals to focus. Through planning, it
clarifies the goals and the means to achieve those future objectives.
For me, the impact of planning for us educators, is, it saves time, effort and money
especially when we made an efficient planning. Education is a public service demanded by the
public and supplied by the government. For any government effort of such a large magnitude as
education, planning is absolutely necessary. Educational planning is one of the components of
the overall national socio-economic development. The over-all planning has to provide the
objectives of education and the finances for educational development for accomplishing these
objectives.
TOPIC 2: Nature and Characteristics of Educational Planning
REPORTER : BAO-AS, SARAH JANE
REFLECTION:
Based on the report presented by the reporter, I was brought up to think that educational
planning is of great importance because without it, the system would collapsed.
I just to share another ideas about the nature and characteristics of planning based on my
own research.
A. Nature of Educational Planning: The following viewpoints have been utilized by the experts
to understand and explain the meaning and nature of planning.
(1) Forecasting : Educational planning is describing or defining or determining events,
conditions and needs of some future point in time. It implies forecasting or projections of
important factors
in education such as number and types of students and expansion of facilities needed for them.
(2) Interpretation : Educational planning should also call for interpretation of future’s data and
its translation into competencies or operational capabilities demanded to maintain effectiveness
under the conditions anticipated.
(3) Goals and Objectives : Educational planning is a means of generating relevant present and
future goals and objectives for the organization.
(4) Decision-Making : Educational planning is the preparation or pre-courses in the decision-
making process. It is to help determine the optimal decision or choice rendered. While
educational administration is mostly decision-making, planning in education is only the other
side of it.
(5) Operations Optimization : Educational planning is operations optimization or performance
improvement. It is for the enhancement of existing conditions rather than for those that exist in
the uncertain future. It is to guide the actions of the operations. It must result into standard
operating procedures, operations manuals, administrative guidelines or system and policies.
(6) Problem Prevention : Educational planning is a kind of contingency anticipation or problem-
prevention. It should minimize the magnitude of an educational problem likely to be encountered
at some future point in time. It should spell out the procedures to be followed if some crises or
contingencies arise.
(7) Management Change : Educational planning is a part of organization renewal. MBO, PERT
and various other forecasting techniques are part of the process of educational planning. It
provides a mechanism, a model or a tool for achieving specific objectives of an organization.
(8) Complexity Resolution : Educational planning is complexity resolution, a process for
coordination and control. It is interpreted as a means of coping with complexity or co-rdination
of facets of such projects.
C. Characteristics of Educational Planning: The following are the main characteristics of
educational planning :
(1) Choice of Best Alternative : Modern educational planning is a logical systematic and
scientific process difference from the elementary kinds of procedure utilized in the past of
bringing about changes in the systems of education. Earlier adhoc decisions were taken by the
administrators to solve immediate problems faced by them.
(2) Team Work : Modern educational planning emphasizes that only the top administrator or the
government should be involved in planning. Planning should be a responsibility of all people
concerned with the desired change. A team of experts, responsible people and those who are to
implement the plan should determine the goals and appropriate ways of attaining them.
(3) Social and Economic Goals : Modern educational planning emphasizes that the goals of a
democratic society should be social and economic concerned with the welfare and progress of all
citizens rather than the selfish goals of some special interest groups. The expected goals of the
society and needs of children and young pupils in the schools and colleges should be the
broad frame of reference.
(4) Co-operation : Modern educational planning emphasizes involvement of representatives
ofbmost of the concerned sectors of the society in the process of planning. Co-operative planning
is considered an important principle of planning in all fields.
(5) Anticipation : Modern educational planning anticipates probable developments and needed
change in future, much ahead of time so that proper facilities, supporting media and required
resources for implementing the planned change may be secured. Thus, relevant changes
andbefforts are avoided and the changes are effectively implemented.
(6) Remedial Measures : Another characteristics of modern-education planning is that it is
remedial and guidance-oriented. With appropriate planning procedures it is possible to identify
maladjustments or deficiencies in the system that cause educational problems. Identifying cause
of the educational problems and suggesting relevant solution is the main objective of educational
planning.
(7) Scientific Changes : Changes made on adhoc piecemeal basis to solve immediate problems
may create some kinds of problems in course of time. Hence, modern educational planning
carefully and objectively collects data, interprets and analyses inter-relationships between
present and future needs. It also interprets analysis inter-relatedness of the various components of
the social and educational system.
TOPIC 3: The Plan for Planning
REPORTER: BIANET, RHONAFE
REFLECTION:
The reporter here presented the definition of plan, planning, educational planning and
made mentioned about the importance of planning. In my own point of view, the plan for
Planning should be the very first step to do in making a plan. As an evident, all programs or
activities must come with a specified plan of action.
But how could we be able to make a plan? Time is really one of the factors to take into
considerations when making a plan. If you plan to have an activity for the next school year, that
should be discussed before hand.
Like for instance, in the Department of Education, they are always very vigilant in the
activities of the school that is why every year we do have our school calendar to follow. That
would only prove that planning was really made prior to the events.
TOPIC 4: Futuristic Planning
REPORTER: Yours Truly
TOPIC 5: Planning for quality
REPORTER: BODIONGAN, RICHMYRLE
REFLECTION:
After viewing the screen presentation of the reporter, I have learned more on educational
planning especially how to be able to come up with an effective and efficient plan of action.
Say for example,the education sector, like the economic sector, needs the use of human,
material and financial resources to function. Many author asserts that, secondary school sector is
the springboard of all educational institutions where students are prepared to take a lasting
decision of who they will be in the society tomorrow as they prepare to undertake a university
study career. In order for them to meet this expectation, the schools have conducted career
guidance for the grade 10 and grade 12 students for them to be able to decide on what course
would they fit in.
In doing this kind of activity, we the educators could somehow help our students to be
guided on their right tract. So, planning for quality is manifested in this example.
TOPIC 6: Systems Approach to Educational Planning
REPORTER: BUDAS, NORHANA
REFLECTION:
In relation to the topic presented by the reporter, I would like to share another research
below that I think would also help in the discussion about the topic.
Any general systems approach has five basic elements, which serve as the tasks for the
researcher using systems analysis. The five are (1) the objectives, (2) the alternatives, (3) the
costs, (4) the model (or models), and (5) the decision rule.
With these five steps, the researcher should be able to specify the objectives, select
alternatives, determine the cost of each alternative, develop a representative model to predict the
extent to which each alternative will achieve the specified objective, and arrange the alternatives
in order of preference. Differences among various systems approaches focus primarily on
emphasis.
For example, systems analysis emphasizes objectives and alternatives. The application of
systems approaches to educational planning is bound to increase as the supply of trained
personnel increases and the techniques associated with systems analysis become more refined.
TOPIC 7: PEOPLE EMPOWERED PLANNING
REPORTER: DEMAPITAN, DARRYL
REFLECTION:
In this topic, I was able to be abreast in toto the definition of planning, participatory
planning, participatory planning, community, community participation, and empowerment.
Those mentioned meaning of the terms have helped me to understand what people empowered
planning is all about.
Empowerment is “the level of choice, influence and control that users of mental health
services can exercise over events in their lives.” It can be developed by being respectful and non-
judgmental, building a relationship where the person feels comfortable to discuss their feelings
and what they want, focusing on strengths and abilities, supporting and encouraging involvement
in decision making, respecting the decisions a person makes about their own life.
In line with education, people empowered planning is a key part of recovery, person-
centered and holistic approaches wherein all the participants could be able to express their
opinions, suggest improvements of actions and recommend related activities that could make the
organization successful.
TOPIC 8: Decentralized Educational Planning
REPORTER: GUALIZA, CHERRY
REFLECTION:
Experience has shown that highly centralized planning is non-participatory and tends to
ignore the peculiarities of various localities in the development process. In the Education and
Training Policy it is noted that the powers and decision making in the management and
administration of education and training institutions have remained heavily concentrated at the
ministerial level. Attempts to involve regions, districts and communities in the management and
administration of education and training institutions in their areas of jurisdiction are wanting, yet
effective management of education and training institutions necessitates community
involvement.
In this regard the education sector has initiated regulatory changes and interventions to
support the decentralization process to lower organs. All basic education based interventions are
gradually being realigned to correspond with the Local Government Reform Programmer which
places emphasis on improved service delivery, autonomy in decision making, transparency,
accountability and good governance.
In the planning reform process (bottom-up vs. top-down), the school is the lowest and the
initial planning unit. Each school and each education institution is required to prepare its own
education development plan. The next planning unit is the ward. The ward education
development plan should be a synthesis of school development plans in that ward. The district is
the next planning unit. The district education development plan should be the synthesis of ward
education development plans in the district. The bottom-up hierarchical planning process
continues to the national level but in line with National guidelines aimed to match grass root
development with National interests. This is also a caution that sometimes and in some cases top
down planning will be required in order to address a national crisis, disaster or epidemic etc.
TOPIC 9: PLANNING AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT
REPORTER: LEMOSNERO, JOY
REFLECTION:
Project planning is at the heart of the project life cycle, and tells everyone involved where
you’re going and how you’re going to get there. The planning phase is when the project plans are
documented, the project deliverables and requirements are defined, and the project schedule is
created. It involves creating a set of plans to help guide your team through the implementation
and closure phases of the project. The plans created during this phase will help us manage time,
cost, quality, changes, risk, and related issues.
For example, in our school, we do have School Implementation Plan. As a coordinator of this, I
usually prepare annual improvement plan which includes projects to be implemented for a
particular school year. There is planning a planning team, project team, together with the school
head to function on this activity.
TOPIC 10: HISTORY OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING IN THE PHILIPPINES
REPORTER: LINGOLINGO, JAYSON
REFLECTION:
As I viewed the report, I could say that in a lighter aspect, we should be grateful to the
foreigners who have developed more our educational system in the country. According to the
history, the Philippine education evolves from its simple beginning and was shaped by foreign
influences.
The educational system in the Philippines had undergone various stages of development.
These stages of educational evolution can be traced way back from the Pre-Spanish period, to the
Spanish Period, to the American period, to the Commonwealth and the Japanese period going to
the present. The Philippine education had manifested in the culture of the people. However, there
are no definite records that were available showing the types of schools that were established by
the natives, as well as on the subjects or methods that they used.
Today, the Philippine education is patterned from the state school system of the United
States. The education establishments comprised of the private schools that are owned and
manage by private individuals or corporations and the public schools that are owned and manage
by the state.
TOPIC 11: THE IMPACT OF PLANNING ON TEACHING AND CURRICULUM
DEVELOPMENT
REFLECTION:
The knowledge that I got in this topic is that there is really a great impact of planning on
teaching and curriculum development as what we have experienced in our daily lives as
educators.
In education, not only must the teacher be doing something but in return, Student
Learning must also be happening as directed through a prescribed curriculum. The DepEd
program should be properly and effectively implemented as it is expected to give students things
to think about and do and at the same time encourage acquisition of necessary skills.
A very typical example for this, is when a teacher conducts lesson, online lesson, he/she
must have her lesson plan beforehand. Teaching without lesson plan is same as saying, travelling
of no direction at all.
TOPIC 12: (1) Management Implementation of Plans
(2) Participatory Planning
REPORTER: MAGLANGIT, MARYELL
REFLECTION:
In this report, I was able to gain more knowledge about the implementation of plans and
what participatory planning is.
I could say that project management plan is critical for the success of any project because
it guides the execution and monitoring phases. Similarly, an implementation plan outlines
requisite steps for the execution of a strategy, tactic or change within an organization or project.
Without an implementation plan, your organization could be rolling out big changes with nothing
but an online reference guide and a stressed-out developer trying to make everything happen.
In the same way as the Department of Education Implementation Plan. The SIP is created
to make a positive access for the benefit of the students and mentors.
TOPIC 13 (NO REPORT HAS BEEN PRESENTED IN THE FB Page)
TOPIC 14: Educational Planning for the Nation
REPORTER: JOVELYN MENDAROS
REFLECTION:
Recognizing the need for adequate and effective planning to pursue development efforts,
the Philippine government has adopted the strategy of integrated planning and management. For
this reason, planning mechanisms, at the national level has been established, according to the
Department of Education.
In the preparation of the educational plans, the DepEd Planning Services coordinates with
all DepEd offices, bureaus, agencies, units and centers, and down to the regional, division,
district, and institutional offices. The plans, programs, and projects prepared by these offices are
submitted to the Planning Service for analysis and integration in the National Plan of the DepEd.
The final draft of the DepEd plan is submitted to the Education Secretary for approval. Then the
Plan is submitted to the NEDA and to the Budget Commission for approval.
With these, I could say that DepEd programs is orderly channeled from top to bottom.
TOPIC 15: External Environment Scan
REPORTER: MONTALVO, ZEN
In this report I have learned that, Environmental scanning is the acquisition and use of
information about events, trends, and relationships in an organisation's external environment, the
knowledge of which would assist management in planning the organisation's future course of
action.
This is to say that, any planning activity involves thinking about the future. However, the
focus of planning is not on predicting the future, but instead on making better decisions here and
now in order to reach a desired future. Because the future cannot be known with certainty,
project managers must make certain assumptions about what the future will hold. An important
part of planning process is to recognize and explicitly state any key assumptions about what the
future may hold.
To be successful, project manager must find a fit between what the environment wants
and what the it provides, as well as between what the needs and the environment can provide.
TOPIC 16, 17, 18 : ( NO REPORTS SUBMITTED)
TOPIC 19: Mission, Goals, and Objectives
REPORTER: SANTIAGO, GERMELA
REFLECTION:
All organizations usually consist of mission, goals and objectives. If we are going to
relate it to the Department of Education. Goals, Mission, Objectives is always been repeated
every now and then especially during seminars. This is because the agency wants all the
educators and stakeholders to be aware and to be a part of the plan.
As a public school secondary teacher, I could say that those mentioned terms has of great
importance to all the personnel for it serve as their guide in carrying out their respective
responsibilities inside and even outside the school premises.
TOPIC 20: NO REPORTS SUBMITTED
TOPIC 21: (1) Research for Planning (2) Monitoring and Evaluation of Plan
REPORTER: VILLAMERO, JESSIE JOHN
REFLECTION:
As what has been discussed by the reporter, a monitoring and evaluation (M&E) plan is
a document that helps to track and assess the results of the interventions throughout the life of a
program. It is a living document that should be referred to and updated on a regular basis.
Based on my own experience as SIP Coordinator of our school, I am used already to this
kind of report. In the DepEd Division of Zamboanga del Sur this report is prepared at the end of
the 3rd quarter of the fiscal year. It is very essential for us to be able to track what are the
achievements/ activities that were accomplished by the school. If there were projects
unaccomplished, reasons will be stated in the template and should be taken action in the next
fiscal year.
