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M3 Lecture Notes

1) Culture and self are complementary concepts that must be understood in relation to one another. The self is a human universal that exists within and is shaped by culture. 2) Identity is constructed through various cultural tools and practices, such as personal naming and emphasizing certain identity features. However, identities can also face struggles when external factors undermine universal values. 3) Anthropologists view humans as cultural beings whose nature is interdependent with culture. The self is embedded within culture, and culture gives meaning to individuals and societies.

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72 views1 page

M3 Lecture Notes

1) Culture and self are complementary concepts that must be understood in relation to one another. The self is a human universal that exists within and is shaped by culture. 2) Identity is constructed through various cultural tools and practices, such as personal naming and emphasizing certain identity features. However, identities can also face struggles when external factors undermine universal values. 3) Anthropologists view humans as cultural beings whose nature is interdependent with culture. The self is embedded within culture, and culture gives meaning to individuals and societies.

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M3: Lecture Notes of things, people and events based on

what they assume as true meanings


CULTURE AND SELF – complementary - Identity Toolbox – features of a
concepts that have to be understood in person’s identity that he/she chooses
relation to one another to emphasize in constructing a social
self.
EDWARD TAYLOR - Personal Naming – is a universal
- Culture – “that complex whole which practice with numerous cross-cultural
includes knowledge, belief, art, variations, establishes a child’s
morals, law, customs, and any other birthright and social identity
capabilities and habits acquired by - Egocentric View – self is autonomous
man as a member of society” & distinct
- Sociocentric view – contingent on a
MARTIN SOKEFELD (1999)
situation, no intrinsic self
- Self – should be regarded as a human
ANTHONY F. WALLACE & RAYMOND
universal and is necessary supplement
FOGELSON
to the concept of culture
- Identity struggles – characterize
PEACOCK (1986)
interaction in which there is a
- Culture and personality are hard to discrepancy between the identity a
distinguish because the true definition person claims to possess and the
of man is culture identity attributed to that person by
- “For anthropology, the individual is others.
neither a robot nor an entirely
GOLUBOVIC
independent self-willed little god but is
cultural individual---- existing in - the crisis of identities could be more
freedom but laso embodying that serious when universal values and
cultural mold in which he is cast in his moral principles becomes relatively
particular society and history epoch.” determined by politics and ideology,
among other external factors
CLIFFORD GEERTZ (American Anthro)
- To attain self-identification individuals
- Culture has its impact on the concept have to overcome many obstacles
of man - Cognitive anthropologist – members
- Human nature is interdependent on of the multicultural society have no
with culture choice but to internalize divergent
- Self is embedded in culture “Without cultural models
men, no culture, certainly; but equally,
and more significantly, without
culture, no men”

ROBBINS (2012)

- Human beings are considered cultural


animals since they create the meaning

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